Solid State Astrophysics: Proceedings of a Symposium Held at the University College, Cardiff, Wales, 9–12 July 1974 (Astrophysics and Space Science Library, 55)

Over the past decade the study of the formation and properties of interstellar grains has assumed a growing importance, going much beyond what might have been guessed only a few years ago. It has come to be understood that grains playa role in processes other than the simple absorption and scattering of starlight, which was all that the astronomers of a generation aga considered to be their relevance. Grains indeed playa critical role in controlling the temperature, composition, and states of aggregation of the whole interstellar medium. Among the still mysterious problems is the origin of the vast clouds of obscuring material that is observed in radiogalaxies like NGC 5128 and M 82, which may weIl be associated with the explosions of very massive objects. It is safe to say that from this growing field of study much still remains to be dis­ covered. The topics discussed in this volume will make clear to the reader the range and versatility of the subjects. F. HOYLE FOREWORD by THE PRINCIPAL The Symposium on Solid State Astrophysics held in July 1974 brought to University College Cardiff a large and very distinguished gathering of astronomers. It was the first time that such a collection of scholars, absorbed with the problem of the systems of outer space, had collected together in Wales, and so provided a splendid spring­ board for the researches of the newly founded group of astronomers in the Department of Applied Mathematics and Astronomy at University College. Front Matter....Pages i-xii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 On the Ratio of the Total to Selective Absorption....Pages 3-10 Features of the Interstellar Extinction Curve....Pages 11-17 Far-Ultraviolet Extinction in σ Scorpii....Pages 19-22 Existence and Amount of Intergalactic Dust....Pages 23-31 Diffuse Interstellar Band Formation in Dense Clouds....Pages 33-38 Interstellar Extinction and Diffuse Absorption Features....Pages 39-47 Diffuse Band Extinction and Polarization in Core-Mantle Grains....Pages 49-58 A Review of Recent Observations of Dust in H II Regions....Pages 59-65 Nucleation and Growth of Dust Grains....Pages 67-67 Formation and Flow of Dust Grains in Cool Stellar Atmospheres....Pages 69-69 Physical Adsorption of Hydrogen on Interstellar Graphite Grain Surfaces....Pages 71-85 Extinction and Polarization Models....Pages 87-92 Effects of Charged Dust Grains....Pages 93-99 Large-Scale Ionization Fronts and the Nature and Distribution of Light Scattering Particles in the Orion Nebula....Pages 101-131 Thermal Emission Spectra of Silicates from Planetary Nebulae....Pages 133-141 Considerations About the Absorption Efficiency of Dust Particles in the Infrared....Pages 143-149 On the Presence of Phyllosilicate Minerals in the Interstellar Grains....Pages 151-169 The Influence of Grain Mantles on the Formation of Hydrogen Molecules on Grain Surfaces....Pages 171-178 Grain Charging in H II Regions....Pages 179-189 Optical Properties of Particulates....Pages 191-200 Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Polarization Properties of Silicate-Like Grains in Circumstellar Envelopes of Late-Type Stars Due to Temperature Variations....Pages 201-206 UV Radiation Fields in Dark Clouds....Pages 207-225 The Plausibility of Silicate-Core Ice-Mantle Grains....Pages 227-231 How to Make Metal-Poor Stars, Redden OB Associations and Grow Mantles on Grains....Pages 233-238 Radical Formation, Chemical Processing, and Explosion of Interstellar Grains....Pages 239-248 Effects of Suprathermal Grains....Pages 249-260 Front Matter....Pages 261-261 Solid State Physics and Cooling of Neutron Stars....Pages 263-272 Evidence on Neutron Star Structure from Pulsars and Related Objects....Pages 273-277 Neutron Star Cores....Pages 279-292 Structure of Neutron Star Cores....Pages 293-299 Back Matter....Pages 301-316 Proceedings of a Symposium on Solid State Astrophysics held at the University College, Cardiff, July 1974