[Society of Earth Scientists Series] Catalogue of Selected Angiosperm Pollen Grains from Palaeogene and Neogene Sediments of India ||

This book summarizes the taxonomic details of selected fossil angiosperm pollen genera and species along with their affinity and occurrences in space and time. It provides information about the historical background of palynology from Palaeogene and Neogene sediments in India, general pollen morphology along with the terms commonly used in describing fossil angiosperm pollen and an overview of the Indian Tertiary sediments. A complete list of genera described in this book is given. It also includes a key for identification of Indian angiosperm genera as well as a description of selected fossil angiosperm pollen from India along with their Indian records, illustrations, locality, age and horizon from where these have been reported. In all 130 genera and 402 species have been dealt with. The names of genera and species are arranged alphabetically. The Discussion part includes a summarized account of palynofloras, their biostratigraphic application in various regions of India and their palaeogeographical and palaeoclimatic implications. Series Editor Foreword Preface Acknowledgements Contents About the Author 1 Introduction 1.1 Organization of the Book 1.2 Historical Background of Palaeogene and Neogene Palynology in India 1.3 Pollen Morphology 1.4 Palynology and Biostratigraphy 1.5 Overview of Indian Palaeogene and Neogene Sediments References 2 Groups of Pollen Genera Described 2.1 Key to the Identification of Indian Angiosperm Pollen Pollen Without Apparent Germinal (Inaperturate) Pollen with Single Germinal (Monosulcate) Pollen with Two Germinals (Dicolpate/Dicolporate) Pollen with Three Simple Germinals (Tricolpate) Pollen with Three Simple United Germinals (Trisyncolpate/Trichotomosulcate) Pollen with More Than Six Simple Germinals (Polycolpate) Pollen with Three Compound Germinals (Tricolporate) Pollen with Four or More Compound Germinals (Tetra-/Penta-/Polycolporate) Pollen with Single Germinal (Monoporate) Pollen with Two Germinals (Diporate/Diporocolpate) Pollen with Three Germinals (Triporate) Pollen with Multiple Germinals (Panporate) Pollen Found in Tetrads or Polyads (Tetrads/Polyads) 2.2 Description of Angiosperm Pollen A Species Recorded from India Acanthotricolpites brevispinosus Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 23, Fig. 11) Acanthotricolpites bulbospinosus Kar 1985 (Plate 23, Fig. 12) Acanthotricolpites complexus Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 23, Fig. 13) Acanthotricolpites intermedius Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 23, Fig. 14) Acanthotricolpites karii Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 23, Fig. 15) Acanthotricolpites kutchensis (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 24, Fig. 1) Acanthotricolpites microreticulatus Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 24, Fig. 2) Acanthotricolpites multitypicus Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 24, Fig. 3) Acanthotricolpites robustus Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 24, Fig. 4) Acanthotricolpites tiruchirapalliensis Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 24, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Alangiopollis arcotense Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 13, Fig. 2) Alangiopollis gemmatus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 13, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Albertipollenites aquifoliaceaeformis (Biswas 1962) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 9) Albertipollenites baculatus (Jain et al. 1973) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 10) Albertipollenites crassireticulatus (Dutta and Sah 1970) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 11) Albertipollenites karii Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 13) Albertipollenites kumarii Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 14) Albertipollenites kutchensis Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 8, Fig. 15) Albertipollenites proboscideus (Biswas 1962) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 1) Albertipollenites retibaculatus (Saxena 1979) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 2) Albertipollenites robustus (Sah and Kar 1970) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Angulocolporites microreticulatus Kar 1985 (Plate 13, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Araliaceoipollenites baculatus Jain et al. 1973 (Plate 13, Fig. 3) Araliaceoipollenites descretus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Plate 13, Fig. 4) Araliaceoipollenites potoniaei Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 13, Fig. 5) Araliaceoipollenites psilatus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 13, Fig. 6) Araliaceoipollenites quilonensis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 13, Fig. 7) Araliaceoipollenites reticulatus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 13, Fig. 8) Araliaceoipollenites rugulatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 13, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Arecipites bellus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 1, Fig. 8) Arecipites indicus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 1, Fig. 9) Arecipites intrapunctatus Kar & Saxena 1981 (Plate 1, Fig. 10) Arecipites keralensis Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 1, Fig. 11) Arecipites magnus Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 1, Fig. 12) Arecipites wodehousei Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 1, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Arengapollenites achinatus Kar 1985 (Plate 1, Fig. 14) Arengapollenites clavatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 1, Fig. 15) Arengapollenites ovatus Kar & Bhattacharya 1992 (Plate 2, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Asperitricolporites pilosus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 13, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Assamiapollenites brownii (Biswas 1962) Singh 1975 (Plate 1, Fig. 1) B Species Recorded from India Bacubrevitricolpites rotundus Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 9, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Barringtoniapollenites retibaculatus Kar & Sharma 2001 (Plate 11, Fig. 11) Barringtoniapollenites retipilatus Kar & Sharma 2001 (Plate 11, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Bithnokiapollis retipilatus Kar & Sharma 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 5) Bithnokiapollis striatus Kar & Sharma 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 6) Species Recorded from India Bombacacidites assamicus Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 13, Fig. 11) Bombacacidites minutus Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 13, Fig. 13) Bombacacidites triangulatus Kar 1985 (Plate 13, Fig. 14) C Species Recorded from India Calophyllumpollenites rotundus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 13, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Caprifoliipites descretus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 14, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Chiranthodendronpollenites bikanerensis Kar & Sharma 2001 (Plate 14, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Clavadiporopollenites raneriensis Ambwani & Singh 1996 (Plate 23, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Clavapalmaedites hammenii Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 2, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Clavaperiporites clavatus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 26, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Clavasyncolpites gracilis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 11, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Compositoipollenites alleppeyensis Rao 1995 (Plate 14, Fig. 6) Species Recorded from India Coneopollis decorus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Plate 14, Fig. 8) Coneopollis reticulatus (Venkatachala and Rawat 1973) Venkatachala & Rawat in Thanikaimoni et al. 1984 (Plate 14, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Coramandalipollis pauciornatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Venkatachala and Rawat in Thanikaimoni et al. 1984) (Plate 14, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Crotonisulcites grandis Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 2, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Cruciferoipollenites elongatus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 9, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Cryptopolyporites cryptus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 10, Fig. 9) Cryptopolyporites indicus Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 9, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Ctenolophonidites erdtmanii Ramanujam & Rao 1973 (Plate 12, Fig. 7) Ctenolophonidites keralensis Ramanujam & Rao 1973 (Plate 12, Fig. 8) Ctenolophonidites magnus Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 12, Fig. 9) Ctenolophonidites neyveliensis Ambwani et al. 1981 (Plate 12, Fig. 10) Ctenolophonidites palaeoparvifolius Kar & Jain 1981 (Plate 12, Fig. 11) Ctenolophonidites saadii Ramanujam & Rao 1973 (Plate 12, Fig. 12) Ctenolophonidites stellatus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 12, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Cupanieidites cooksoniae Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 14, Fig. 11) Cupanieidites flaccidiformis Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 14, Fig. 12) Cupanieidites granulatus Jain et al. 1973 (Plate 14, Fig. 13) Cupanieidites punctatus Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 14, Fig. 14) D Species Recorded from India Dakshinipollenites tripakshii Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 14, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Densiverrupollenites eocenicus Tripathi & Singh 1984 (Plate 15, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Dermatobrevicolporites dermatus (Sah and Kar 1970) Kar 1985 (Plate 15, Fig. 2) Dermatobrevicolporites exaltus Kar 1985 (Plate 15, Fig. 3) Dermatobrevicolporites globatus (Kar and Saxena 1981) Kar 1985 (Plate 15, Fig. 4) Dermatobrevicolporites triangulus (Saxena 1979) Kar 1985 (Plate 15, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Dicolpopollis edavensis Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 8, Fig. 1) Dicolpopollis fragilis Salujha et al. 1972 (Plate 8, Fig. 2) Dicolpopollis microreticulatus Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 8, Fig. 3) Dicolpopollis proprius Salujha et al. 1972 (Plate 8, Fig. 4) Dicolpopollis triangularis Kulkarni et al. 1985 (Plate 8, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Dipterocarpuspollenites retipilatus (Kar and Jain 1981) Kar 1992 (Plate 9, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Dorreenipites bengalensis Mathur & Chopra 1987 (Plate 24, Fig. 6) Dorreenipites distinctus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 24, Fig. 8) Dorreenipites erdtmanii (Ramanujam 1966) Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 24, Fig. 9) Dorreenipites kutchensis (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 24, Fig. 10) Dorreenipites medius Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 24, Fig. 11) Dorreenipites neyveliensis Misra et al. 1996 (Plate 24, Fig. 12) Dorreenipites psilatus Misra et al. 1996 (Plate 24, Fig. 13) Dorreenipites sellingii (Ramanujam 1966) Navale and Misra 1979 (Plate 24, Fig. 14) Dorreenipites undulatus Misra et al. 1996 (Plate 24, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Dracaenoipollis circularis Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 22, Fig. 1) E Species Recorded from India Echidiporites indicus Mandal 1997 (Plate 23, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Echimonoporopollis Circularis Samant & Tapaswi 2001 (Plate 22, Fig. 2) Echimonoporopollis grandiporus Saxena et al. 1991 (Plate 22, Fig. 3) Echimonoporopollis neyveliensis Saxena et al. 1991 (Plate 22, Fig. 4) F Species Recorded from India Favitricolporites complex Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 15, Fig. 6) Species Recorded from India Foveotricolpites alveolatus Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 9) Foveotricolpites piercei Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 9, Fig. 11) Foveotricolpites prolatus Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 9, Fig. 12) Foveotricolpites sijuensis (Baksi 1962) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 13) Foveotricolpites simplex (Rao and Ramanujam 1982) Mandal and Rao 2001 (Plate 9, Fig. 14) Foveotricolpites tamilensis Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 9, Fig. 15) G Species Recorded from India Gemmatriporopollis triangulus Saxena & Khare 1996 (Plate 25, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Graminidites assamicus Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 22, Fig. 5) Graminidites granulatus Kar 1985 (Plate 22, Fig. 6) Graminidites maximus Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 22, Fig. 7) Graminidites pliocenicus Singh & Saxena 1981 (Plate 22, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Grevilloideaepites eocenicus Biswas 1962 Emend. Singh & Misra 1991b (Plate 25, Fig. 2) Grevilloideaepites pachyexinous (Kar and Kumar 1986) Singh & Misra 1991b (Plate 25, Fig. 4) Grevilloideaepites trilobatus Mathur & Chopra 1987 (Plate 25, Fig. 5) H Species Recorded from India Hippocrateaceaedites constrictus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 15, Fig. 7) Hippocrateaceaedites quilonensis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 15, Fig. 8) Hippocrateaceaedites vancampoae Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 15, Fig. 9) I Species Recorded from India Icacinoipollenites spinulatus Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 10, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Incrotonipollis burdwanensis (Baksi et al. 1979) Jansonius & Hills 1981(Plate 1, Fig. 2) Incrotonipollis neyvelii (Baksi et al. 1979) Jansonius & Hills 1981 (Plate 1, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Intectocolporites baculatus Mandal & Guleria 2006 (Plate 15, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Intrareticulites brevis (Sah and Kar 1970) Kar 1985 (Plate 10, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Iugopollis tetraporites Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 20, Fig. 8) J Species Recorded from India Jacobipollenites arthugalensis Rao 1990 (Plate 22, Fig. 9) Jacobipollenites crassimurus Singh & Misra 1991b (Plate 22, Fig. 10) Jacobipollenites distinctus Singh & Misra 1991b (Plate 22, Fig. 11) Jacobipollenites magnificus Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 22, Fig. 12) Jacobipollenites magniporus Singh & Misra 1991b (Plate 22, Fig. 13) Jacobipollenites ramanujamii Samant 2000 (Plate 22, Fig. 14) K Species Recorded from India Kapurdipollenites baculatus Tripathi 1994 (Plate 2, Fig. 5) Kapurdipollenites clavatus Tripathi & Srivastava 2010 (Plate 2, Fig. 6) Kapurdipollenites gemmatus Tripathi 1994 (Plate 2, Fig. 7) Kapurdipollenites ovatus Tripathi & Srivastava 2010 (Plate 2, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Kielmeyerapollenites eocenicus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 14, Fig. 2) L Species Recorded from India Lacrimapollis brownlowioides Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 15, Fig. 11) Lacrimapollis pilosus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Plate 15, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Ladakhipollenites constatus (Dutta and Sah 1970) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 10, Fig. 3) Ladakhipollenites elongatus Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 10, Fig. 4) Ladakhipollenites levis (Sah and Dutta 1966) Mathur & Jain 1980 (Plate 10, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Lakiapollis assamicus Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 15, Fig. 13) Lakiapollis matanomadhensis Venkatachala & Kar 1969 Lakiapollis ovatus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 15, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Lanagiopollis cambayensis Kumar 1996 (Plate 16, Fig. 1) Lanagiopollis meghalayaensis Tripathi et al. 2000 (Plate 16, Fig. 2) Lanagiopollis reitsmae Phadtare & Thakur in Saxena 2011 (Plate 16, Fig. 3) Lanagiopollis rugulatus Phadtare & Thakur in Saxena 2011 (Plate 16, Fig. 4) Lanagiopollis ruguloreticulatus Phadtare & Thakur in Saxena 2011 (Plate 16, Fig. 5) Lanagiopollis subglobosus Tripathi et al. 2000 (Plate 16, Fig. 6) Lanagiopollis tetracolporatus Kumar 1996 (Plate 16, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Liliacidites baculatus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 2, Fig. 9) Liliacidites circularis Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 2, Fig. 10) Liliacidites crassireticulatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 2, Fig. 11) Liliacidites ellipticus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 2, Fig. 12) Liliacidites magnus Jain et al. 1973 (Plate 2, Fig. 13) Liliacidites matanomadhensis Saxena 1979 (Plate 2, Fig. 14) Liliacidites padappakkarensis Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 2, Fig. 15) Liliacidites pilosus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 3, Fig. 1) Liliacidites ramanujamii Saxena 1992 (Plate 3, Fig. 2) Liliacidites ratnagiriensis Kulkarni et al. 1985 (Plate 3, Fig. 3) Liliacidites reticulatus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 3, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Longapertites klinkenbergii Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 3, Fig. 5) Longapertites ornatus Kulkarni et al. 1985 (Plate 3, Fig. 6) Longapertites psilatus Mathur & Chopra 1987 (Plate 3, Fig. 7) Longapertites retipilatus Kar 1985 (Plate 3, Fig. 8) Longapertites triangulatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 3, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Loranthipites elegans Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 10, Fig. 10) M Species Recorded from India Malvacearumpollis paucibaculatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Plate 14, Fig. 3) Malvacearumpollis rudis Kar 1979 (Plate 8, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Marginipollis kutchensis (Venkatachala and Kar 1968) Kar 1978 (Plate 11, Fig. 8) Marginipollis psilatus Ramanujam et al. 1988 (Plate 11, Fig. 14) Marginipollis quilonensis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 11, Fig. 15) Marginipollis verrucatus Ramanujam et al. 1988 (Plate 12, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Margocolporites complexum Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 16, Fig. 8) Margocolporites dubius Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 16, Fig. 9) Margocolporites eocenicus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 16, Fig. 10) Margocolporites miocenicus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 16, Fig. 11) Margocolporites oligobrochatus Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 16, Fig. 12) Margocolporites prominatus Mathur & Chopra 1987 (Plate 16, Fig. 13) Margocolporites sahnii Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 16, Fig. 14) Margocolporites sitholeyi Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 16, Fig. 15) Margocolporites tsukadae Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 17, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Matanomadhiasulcites kutchensis (Saxena 1979) Kar 1985 (Plate 3, Fig. 10) Matanomadhiasulcites major (Singh in Sah and Singh 1974) Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 3, Fig. 11) Matanomadhiasulcites maximus (Saxena 1979) Kar 1985 (Plate 3, Fig. 12) Matanomadhiasulcites microreticulatus (Dutta and Sah 1970) Kar & Kumar 1986 (Plate 3, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Meliapollis iratus (Sah and Kar 1974) Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 20, Fig. 9) Meliapollis melioides (Ramanujam 1966) Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 20, Fig. 11) Meliapollis navalei Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 20, Fig. 12) Meliapollis pachydermis Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 20, Fig. 13) Meliapollis quadrangularis (Ramanujam 1966) Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 20, Fig. 14) Meliapollis quilonensis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 20, Fig. 15) Meliapollis ramanujamii Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 21, Fig. 1) Meliapollis raoi Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 21, Fig. 2) Meliapollis simplex Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 21, Fig. 3) Meliapollis tamilii Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 21, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Meyeripollis baksii Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 17, Fig. 2) Meyeripollis laudabilis Salujha et al. 1972 (Plate 17, Fig. 3) Meyeripollis naharkotensis Baksi & Venkatachala 1970 (Plate 17, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Monocolpopollenites cauveriensis (Venkatachala and Rawat 1972) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 4) Monocolpopollenites communis (Sah and Dutta 1966) Kumar & Takahashi 1991 (Plate 4, Fig. 5) Monocolpopollenites eocenicus (Biswas 1962) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 6) Monocolpopollenites indicus (Ramanujam1966) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 8) Monocolpopollenites keralensis (Rao and Ramanujam 1978) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 9) Monocolpopollenites kutchensis (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Saxena & Trivedi 2009 (Plate 4, Fig. 10) Monocolpopollenites magnus (Sah and Kar 1970) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 11) Monocolpopollenites nadhamunii (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Saxena & Trivedi 2009 (Plate 4, Fig. 12) Monocolpopollenites neyvelii (Ramanujam 1966) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 13) Monocolpopollenites ovatus (Sah and Kar 1970) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 14) Monocolpopollenites plicatus (Sah and Kar 1970) Saxena 2010 (Plate 4, Fig. 15) Monocolpopollenites rajpardiensis Nom. Nov. (Plate 4, Fig. 7) Monocolpopollenites ratnagiriensis (Kulkarni et al. 1985) Saxena 2010 (Plate 5, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Myricipites harrisii (Couper 1953) Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 25, Fig. 6) Myricipites singhii Rao 1995 (Plate 25, Fig. 7) Myricipites vulgaris Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 25, Fig. 8) N Species Recorded from India Neocouperipollis cymbatus (Venkatachala and Rawat 1972) Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate3, Fig. 15) Neocouperipollis rarispinosus (Sah and Dutta 1966) Singh 1990 (Plate 4, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Neotrichotomosulcites foveolatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 12, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Nymphaeacidites clarus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 22, Fig. 15) Nymphaeacidites giganteus Mehrotra 1983 (Plate 23, Fig. 1) Nymphaeacidites sphericus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 23, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Nyssapollenites barooahii Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 17, Fig. 5) Nyssapollenites incertus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 17, Fig. 6) Nyssapollenites kutchensis Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 17, Fig. 7) O Species Recorded from India Ocimumpollenites indicus Kar 1996 (Plate 12, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Ornatetradites chandae Rao and Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 25, Fig. 11) Ornatetradites droseroides Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 25, Fig. 14) Ornatetradites keralaensis Rao 1995 (Plate 25, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Ornatriporites elegans Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 25, Fig. 9) P Species Recorded from India Padappakkarapollis venkatachalae Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 21, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Palaeocoprosmadites arcotense Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 17, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Paleoaraliaceaepites Indica Biswas 1962 (Plate 17, Fig. 9) Paleoaraliaceaepites indistinctus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 17, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Paleocaesalpiniaceaepites eocenica Biswas 1962 (Plate 17, Fig. 11) Paleocaesalpiniaceaepites ratnamii Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 17, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Paleosantalaceaepites claricolpus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 17, Fig. 13) Paleosantalaceaepites dinoflagellatus Biswas 1962 Ex Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 17, Fig. 14) Paleosantalaceaepites ellipticus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 17, Fig. 15) Paleosantalaceaepites miocenicus (Ramanujam 1966) Ramanujam et al. 1985 (Plate 18, Fig. 1) Paleosantalaceaepites reticulatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 18, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Palmidites aplicatus Kar & Kumar 1986 (Plate 5, Fig. 2) Palmidites excellensus Kar & Kumar 1986 (Plate 5, Fig. 3) Palmidites granulatus Mehrotra 1983 (Plate 5, Fig. 4) Palmidites naviculus Kar & Saxena 1981 (Plate 5, Fig. 5) Palmidites noviculatus Sarkar & Singh 1988 (Plate 5, Fig. 6) Palmidites obtusus Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 5, Fig. 7) Palmidites plicatus Singh in Sah & Singh 1974 (Plate 5, Fig. 8) Palmidites punctatus Mehrotra 1983 (Plate 5, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Paravuripollis mulleri Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 5, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Pellicieroipollis langenheimii Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 18, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Piladiporocolpites caratinii Kar 1995 (Plate 23, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Pilatrisyncolpites triangulatus Kar et al. 1994 (Plate 12, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Pinjoriapollis lanceolatus Saxena & Singh 1981 (Plate 5, Fig. 11) Pinjoriapollis magnus Saxena & Singh 1981 (Plate 5, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Plumbaginacipites neyvelii Navale & Misra 1979 (Plate 10, Fig. 11) Species Recorded from India Polybrevicolporites antiquum (Ramanujam 1966) Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 21, Fig. 6) Polybrevicolporites cephalus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 21, Fig. 7) Polybrevicolporites karii Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 21, Fig. 8) Polybrevicolporites reticulata Samant 2000 (Plate 21, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Polycolporites indicus Mehrotra 1983 (Plate 21, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Polygalacidites clarus Sah & Dutta 1966 (Plate 21, Fig. 11) Polygalacidites gujratensis Kar 1985 (Plate 21, Fig. 12) Polygalacidites magnus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 21, Fig. 13) Polygalacidites rhomboidus Kar & Bhattacharya 1992 (Plate 21, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Polygonaceaepites zonoides Baksi 1962 (Plate 10, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Polygonacidites frequens Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 14, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Polyporina excavatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1973 (Plate 18, Fig. 6) Polyporina excellens Sah & Dutta 1968 (Plate 19, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Prectenolophonidites primitiva Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 21, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Proteacidites excertus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 25, Fig. 10) Proteacidites protrudus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 25, Fig. 12) Proteacidites triangulus Kar & Jain 1981 (Plate 25, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Proxapertites assamicus (Sah and Dutta 1966) Singh 1975 (Plate 5, Fig. 13) Proxapertites crassimurus (Sah and Dutta 1966) Singh 1975 (Plate 5, Fig. 14) Proxapertites emendatus (Sah and Dutta 1966) Kar & Kumar 1986 (Plate 5, Fig. 15) Proxapertites granulatus Singh 1977 (Plate 6, Fig. 1) Proxapertites hammenii Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 6, Fig. 2) Proxapertites intecta (Baksi 1962) Singh 1975 (Plate 6, Fig. 3) Proxapertites marginatus (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Singh 1975 (Plate 6, Fig. 4) Proxapertites microreticulatus Jain et al. 1973 (Plate 6, Fig. 5) Proxapertites pramathii (Biswas 1962) Singh 1975 (Plate 6, Fig. 6) Proxapertites reticulatus (Kar and Saxena 1981) Kar 1985 (Plate 6, Fig. 7) Proxapertites rugulatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 6, Fig. 8) Proxapertites scabratus Jain et al. 1973 (Plate 6, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Pseudonothofagidites cerebrus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 20, Fig. 3) Pseudonothofagidites kutchensis Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 20, Fig. 10) Pseudonothofagidites microreticulatus Samant & Tapaswi 2001 (Plate 25, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Psiladiporocolpites pachyexinus Kar 1995 (Plate 23, Fig. 6) Species Recorded from India Psilodiporites bengalensis (Varma and Rawat 1963) Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 23, Fig. 7) Psilodiporites erdtmanii Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 23, Fig. 8) Psilodiporites hammenii Varma & Rawat 1963 (Plate 23, Fig. 9) Q Species Recorded from India Quilonipollenites crassimarginatus Phadtare & Kulkarni 1984 (Plate 6, Fig. 10) Quilonipollenites minutus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 6, Fig. 11) Quilonipollenites ornatus Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 6, Fig. 12) Quilonipollenites reticulatus Samant and Phadtare 1997 (Plate 6, Fig. 13) Quilonipollenites sahnii Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 6, Fig. 14) Quilonipollenites trianguliformis Phadtare & Kulkarni 1984 (Plate 6, Fig. 15) R Species Recorded from India Ratariacolporites plicatus Kar 1985 (Plate 18, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Retidiporocolpites exellensus Kar 1995 (Plate 23, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Retipilonapites arcotense Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 1, Fig. 4) Retipilonapites conspicua Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 1, Fig. 5) Retipilonapites delicatissimus Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 1, Fig. 6) Retipilonapites tertiaris Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 1, Fig. 7) Species Recorded from India Retipollenites borassodendrii Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 7, Fig. 1) Retipollenites echinatus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 7, Fig. 2) Retipollenites monosulcites Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 7, Fig. 3) Species Recorded from India Retitrescolpites assamicus Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 18, Fig. 5) Retitrescolpites minor Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 18, Fig. 7) Retitrescolpites robustus Kar & Saxena 1981 Retitrescolpites singularis Rao & Ramanujam 1982 (Plate 18, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Retitrisyncolpites reimannii Mandal et al. 1994 (Plate 12, Fig. 4) Retitrisyncolpites tha-ungii Mandal et al. 1994 (Plate 12, Fig. 5) Species Recorded from India Retiverrumonosulcites barmerensis Tripathi 1994 (Plate 7, Fig. 4) Species Recorded from India Rhoipites anacardioides Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 18, Fig. 9) Rhoipites baculiferus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 18, Fig. 10) Rhoipites conatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 18, Fig. 11) Rhoipites kutchensis Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 18, Fig. 12) Species Recorded from India Rousea matanomadhensis (Saxena 1979) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 10, Fig. 13) Rousea meghalayensis Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 10, Fig. 14) Rousea saxenae Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 10, Fig. 15) Rousea sitholeyi (Ramanujam 1966) Mandal & Rao 2001 (Plate 11, Fig. 1) S Species Recorded from India Sastriipollenites trilobatus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 18, Fig. 13) Species Recorded from India Sonneratioipollis bellus Venkatachala & Kar 1969 (Plate 26, Fig. 1) Species Recorded from India Spinizonocolpites bulbospinosus Singh 1990 (Plate 7, Fig. 5) Spinizonocolpites indicus Singh 1990 (Plate 7, Fig. 6) Spinizonocolpites quilonensis Rao & Ramanujam 1978 (Plate 7, Fig. 7) Spinizonocolpites spinulosus Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 7, Fig. 8) Spinizonocolpites venkatachalae Saxena & Khare 2004 (Plate 7, Fig. 9) Spinizonocolpites wodehousei Singh 1990 (Plate 7, Fig. 10) Species Recorded from India Spinomonosulcites achinatus (Sah and Kar 1970) Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 7, Fig. 11) Spinomonosulcites ankleshwarensis (Kar and Bhattacharya 1992) Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 3, Fig. 14) Spinomonosulcites magnus (Dutta and Sah 1970) Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 7, Fig. 12) Spinomonosulcites spinorobustus (Kar and Kumar 1986) Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 7, Fig. 13) Spinomonosulcites varispinosus Singh & Misra 1991c (Plate 7, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Spinulotricolporites spinosus (Saxena 1979) Saxena & Misra 1987 (Plate 18, Fig. 14) Species Recorded from India Striacolporites cephalus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 18, Fig. 15) Striacolporites ovatus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 19, Fig. 1) Striacolporites striatus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 19, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Symplocoipollenites baksii Ramanujam 1987 (Plate 19, Fig. 3) Symplocoipollenites bhavnagarensis Samant 2000 (Plate 19, Fig. 4) Symplocoipollenites gracilis Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 19, Fig. 5) T Species Recorded from India Talisiipites wodehousei Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 19, Fig. 8) Species Recorded from India Thymelaepollis crotonoides Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 4, Fig. 2) Species Recorded from India Tinalipollenites duttae Mandal & Kumar 2000 (Plate 19, Fig. 9) Species Recorded from India Tricolpites brevis Sah & Kar 1970 Tricolpites crassireticulatus Dutta & Sah 1970 Tricolpites delicatus (Kar 1979) Mandal and Rao 2001 (Plate 11, Fig. 2) Tricolpites densiornatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 11, Fig. 3) Tricolpites foxii (Biswas 1962) Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 11, Fig. 4) Tricolpites incognatus Kar & Jain 1981 (Plate 11, Fig. 5) Tricolpites levis Sah & Dutta 1966 Tricolpites margocolpites Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 11, Fig. 6) Tricolpites microreticuloides Ramanujam 1966 (Plate 11, Fig. 7) Tricolpites paucireticulatus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 11, Fig. 8) Tricolpites retibaculatus Saxena 1979 Species Recorded from India Tricolporocolumellites eocenicus Samant & Phadtare 1997 (Plate 19, Fig. 10) Tricolporocolumellites pilatus Kar 1985 (Plate 19, Fig. 11) Species Recorded from India Tricolporopilites differentialis Singh & Misra 1991a (Plate 19, Fig. 12) Tricolporopilites robustus (Kar and Saxena 1981) Kar 1985 (Plate 19, Fig. 13) Tricolporopilites tectatus Singh & Misra 1991a (Plate 19, Fig. 14) Tricolporopilites uniformis Singh & Misra 1991a (Plate 19, Fig. 15) Species Recorded from India Tricolporopollis alleppeyensis Rao & Rajendran 1996 (Plate 20, Fig. 1) Tricolporopollis cannanorensis Rao & Rajendran 1996 (Plate 20, Fig. 2) Tricolporopollis globosa Dutta & Sah 1970 (Plate 20, Fig. 4) Tricolporopollis matanomadhensis (Venkatachala and Kar 1969) Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 20, Fig. 5) Tricolporopollis ruber (Dutta and Sah 1970) Tripathi & Singh 1985 (Plate 20, Fig. 6) Species Recorded from India Triorites bellus Sah & Kar 1970 Triorites communis Sah & Dutta 1966 (Plate 26, Fig. 2) Triorites hirsutus Sah & Kar 1974 (Plate 26, Fig. 3) Triorites inferius Dutta & Sah 1970 Triorites kutchensis (Sah and Kar 1970) Saxena 1992 (Plate 26, Fig. 8) Triorites minutus Sah & Kar 1970 (Plate 26, Fig. 4) Triorites protrudus Samant 2000 (Plate 26, Fig. 5) Triorites pseudoreticulatus Venkatachala & Rawat 1972 (Plate 26, Fig. 6)