SOCIALISM & DEVELOPMENT IN ETHIOPIA : a critical examination of the military regimes socialist... agricultural program

This study identifies and analyzes the methods, achievements, and constraints of the socialist agricultural policy of post-revolutionary Ethiopia. It investigates the Land Reform Legislation of 1975 and its relevance to Ethiopian conditions at that time. Applying a social-interaction approach, this book examines the interrelationships among the different socioeconomic actors who affected the success and shortcomings of the policy and its implementation. Through critical consideration of a historical period, this book also uncovers applicable lessons for future achievable development in Ethiopia and similar economies. Front Cover Socialism and Development in Ethiopia Series Preface Series Editors Socialism and Development in Ethiopia Dedication Contents Preface Acknowledgements List of Tables Acronyms and Abbreviations Map 1 Administrative Regions of Ethiopia Map 2 Regional Capital Towns, Major Industrial Towns, Roads, Railways, and Ports of Ethiopia Introduction Purpose of the Study Methodology Structure of the Study A Note on the Sources Relevance of the Study Conceptual Framework and Background Introduction Development and Underdevelopment Socialism: Choice and Definition Land Reform: Forms and Definition Tenancy Land Reform (TLR) Distributivist Land Reform (DLR) Unimodal Versus Bimodal Agricultural Strategies Participation Conceptual Interrelationships The Pre-Revolutionary Agrarian Situation in Ethiopia Introduction The Traditional Subsector Land Tenure/Ownership Structure Tenancy Conditions Land Holding and Technology Institutional Structures and Facilities The Capitalist Subsector Introduction Scale, Structure, and Geographic Pattern Some Factors Behind the Expansion of Capitalist Agriculture Pre-revolutionary ‘Land Reforms’ Summary An Outline of the March 1975 Land Reform Legislation of Ethiopia: A Brief Analysis Political Background: A Prelude Nationalization Without Compensation Land Redistribution Decommoditization of Land and Labour Formation of Peasant Organizations Summary The Implementation and Outcome of the Land Reform: Features of Post-Revolutionary Agricultural Development Introduction Land Redistribution Peasant Associations Co-operatives State Farms Facilities A Preliminary Outcome Assessment Introduction Agricultural Production (Output) Self-sufficiency in Foodstuff Equality and Welfare Summary An Additional Experience: The Tanzanian Case Conclusions Problems of Socialist Agricultural Development: An Analysis of Implementation Constraints Introduction The Political Constraint: The Evolution of the Present Political Setting and Its Impact on Participation The Adoption of Socialist Ideology The Formation of the Party of the Working People of Ethiopia Spurious Democracy State-Facilitator Relationships State-Peasant Relationships Facilitator-Peasant Relationships The Industrial Constraint Introduction The Capital Factor The Technological Factor The Labour Factor The Entrepreneurial Factor The Raw Material Factor The Resource Constraint Conclusions Summary and Concluding Remarks Summary Conclusions: Some Lessons from the Socialist Experience in Ethiopia Putting Peasants First Transcending Socialism? A Final Word Appendix A Appendix B Appendix C Bibliography Back Cover