Social Rights and the Politics of Obligation in History (Human Rights in History)

This pioneering volume explores the long-neglected history of social rights, from the Middle Ages to the present. It debunks the myth that social rights are 'second-generation rights' – rights that appeared after World War II as additions to a rights corpus stretching back to the Enlightenment. Not only do social rights stretch back that far; they arguably pre-date the Enlightenment. In tracing their long history across various global contexts, this volume reveals how debates over social rights have often turned on deeper struggles over social obligation – over determining who owes what to whom, morally and legally. In the modern period, these struggles have been intertwined with questions of freedom, democracy, equality and dignity. Many factors have shaped the history of social rights, from class, gender and race to religion, empire and capitalism. With incomparable chronological depth, geographical breadth and conceptual nuance, Social Rights and the Politics of Obligation in History sets an agenda for future histories of human rights. Cover Half-title page Series page Title page Copyright page Contents List of Contributors Acknowledgements 1 Not ‘Second-Generation Rights’: Rethinking the History of Social Rights Part I Religion, Markets, States: Sources of Social Rights before the Twentieth Century 2 The Rights of the Poor: Taking the Long View 3 Public Welfare and the Natural Order: On the Theological and Free-Market Sources of Socio-economic Rights 4 Who Pays?: Social Rights and the French Revolution 5 The Haitian Revolution and Socio-economic Rights 6 Of Rights and Regulation: Technologies of Socio-economic Governance in a Revolutionary Age 7 Socio-economic Rights before the Welfare State: Labour Movements and Economic Emancipation in Nineteenth-Century Europe Part II Race, Gender, Class: Social Rights and the Paradoxes of Difference 8 The Soviet Social: Rights and Welfare Reimagined 9 The Japanese ‘Welfare Society’: Social Rights in Action and the Seeds of the Precariat? 10 Liberation Theology, Social Rights and Indigenous Rights in Mexico (c.1965–2000) 11 The Unhappy Marriage of Gender and Socio-economic Rights in France Part III Social Rights in the Age of Internationalism: The Politics of State Obligations 12 The Spirit of Social Rights 13 From Human Welfare to Human Rights: Considering Socio-economic Rights through the 1947–1948 UNESCO Human Rights Survey 14 Claiming Land, Claiming Rights in Africa’s Internationally Supervised Territories 15 The Road from 1966: Social and Economic Rights after the International Covenant 16 The Past and Future of Social Rights Index "The aims of this volume are to rethink the history of social rights and, in doing so, help develop a historiography that speaks to the broader fields of human rights scholarship and practice. It is only very recently that a critical historiography on social rights has started to emerge, but it has yet to displace deeply rooted assumptions underpinning historical interpretations. These assumptions have, unfortunately, led to a number of distortions and misconceptions about the substance of these rights, their origins and their historical trajectories. There is a record to set straight before we can start re-imagining a more nuanced account of the long history of social rights, and this opening chapter tries to do that. First, it addresses how social rights have been misconstrued - both by sympathisers and sceptics. Second, it lays out a new approach to studying the long history of social rights, one in which the question of duties and obligations is central. Third, it presents the volume's three-prong structure and contents, which cover the medieval period to the present and span the globe. Taken together, the chapters of this volume seek to reshape the historiography of rights by examining the role and significance of social rights within it. They also explore the relation of these rights to questions about freedom, justice, equality and dignity in global history"-- Provided by publisher