Social Psychiatry Across Cultures: Studies From North America, Asia, Europe, And Africa (topics In Social Psychiatry)

The World Health Organization's concept of health as "the condition of psychophysical and social well-being" must be translated into opera­ tional terms. The objective is to place the human person within the social system, given that mental health, mental illness, and suffering are individual, despite the fact that their causes are to be sought in the society and environment that surround and interact with the indi­ vidual. One dimension that must be emphasized in this field is the contin­ uum that exists between social environment and cerebral development. This continuum consists of the physical and biological features of the two interacting systems: on one hand, the brain managed and con­ trolled by the genetic program, and, on the other hand, the environ­ ment, be it natural or social. A simple dichotomy of individual and environment is no longer a sufficient concept in understanding the etiology of mental health and illness. Needless to say, socioepidemiological research in psychiatry and transcultural psychiatry is useful in reaching these ends. However, at the root of mental illness, one can always find the same causal elements: informational chaos, inadequate dietary intake, substance abuse, trauma, conditioning, and so on, which make the interactive systems dysfunctional. Subsequent organic and psychotic disorders occur to the detriment of both the individual and society. Current biological psychiatry is inadequately equipped in treating mental illness. Front Matter....Pages i-xviii Introduction....Pages 1-16 Front Matter....Pages 17-24 Mentally Disturbed Patients in Nigeria....Pages 25-38 Alcoholism in the Czech and Slovak Republics in the Last 30 Years....Pages 39-50 Psychoemotional Responses to the Existing Social Systems in Tribal Populations in India....Pages 51-59 The Amish Life-Style in an Era of Rapid Social Change....Pages 61-72 Reciprocity in Support Networks of Sheltered-Care Residents....Pages 73-86 Front Matter....Pages 87-92 Ethnicity, Social Status, and Psychiatric Disorder in the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Survey....Pages 93-104 Sex Differences in the Relationship between Social Support and Mental Health....Pages 105-117 Urban/Rural Differences in the Structure and Consequences of Social Support....Pages 119-133 Front Matter....Pages 135-141 Afro-Surinamese Ethnopsychiatry....Pages 143-160 Family Composition, Birth Order, and Gender of Mexican Children in Psychological Treatment....Pages 161-168 Protective Factors for Drug Abuse....Pages 169-192 Conclusion....Pages 193-210 Back Matter....Pages 211-226 This well-illustrated compendium of recent works in social psychiatry from around the world describes the association between cultural elements indigenous to a society and mental health and illness. The book compares this anthropologic-descriptive body of work with highly quantitative research papers that emphasize the notion of stratification. A discussion of directions for future cross-cultural investigations integrating culturalist and universalist approaches concludes the text