Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Fourth Sector: Sustainable Best-Practices from Across the World (Studies on Entrepreneurship, Structural Change and Industrial Dynamics)

“The fourth sector” consists of for-benefit organizations that combine market-based approaches of the private sector with the social and environmental aims of the public and non-profit sectors. This book examines successful experiences around the world in entrepreneurship in the fourth sector in recent times. The chapters also reveal the pivotal role of the public sector collaboration with private entities in solving the problems of humanity. Contents Social Innovation and Entrepreneurship in the Fourth Sector 1 Consolidation of the Fourth Sector Within the Solidarity Economy 2 Best-Practices Case Studies Across the World 3 Discussion About Social Innovation and Business Models on the Fourth Sector Part I: Consolidation of the Fourth Sector Within the Solidarity Economy Humanitarian Social Logistic and the Fourth Sector: Policy Design for Communities Affected by the Disaster 1 Introduction 2 Humanitarian Social Logistics (HSL) 3 Importance of the Fourth Sector for the Design of Public Policies in the Post-disaster Stage 4 Research Background 5 Methodology 6 Results and Discussions 7 Conclusions and Remarks (HSL Design) References Nonprofit Organizations of the Fourth Sector That Promote Education Social Solidarity Economy in the Fourth Industrial Revolut... 1 Introduction 2 Social and Solidarity Economy 2.1 The Capitalist Economy 2.1.1 Social or Solidarity Economy 2.1.2 The Fourth Sector 3 Social and Solidarity Economy in Medellin 4 Public Policy in Medellin 5 The Fourth Revolution and the Social and Solidarity Economy 6 Methodology 7 Results 8 Discussion and/or Remarks and/or Conclusions 9 Conclusions References Social Innovation, Fourth Sector and the Commodification of the Welfare State: The Portuguese Experience 1 Introduction 2 What Is Social Innovation? 3 The Emerging Fourth Sector: Old Wine in New Bottles? 4 The Portuguese Social Sector: An Historical Overview 5 Recent Transformations of the Portuguese Social Sector 6 Commodification of the Social Sector 7 Conclusion References Part II: Best-Practices Case Studies Across the World A Case Study of a Socially Responsible Entrepreneurship: The Local Action Group POEDA 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 3 Case Study: POEDA 3.1 What Was Done: An Introduction on the Territorial Context 3.2 The Development of a Rural Quality Brand 3.3 Achieved Results 4 A Brief Reflection on Future Prospects 5 Final Remarks References Case Study: How Medellin Is Creating a Hub for Impact Start-ups 1 Introduction 2 Public Sector and the Fourth Sector 3 Education Sector and the Fourth Sector 4 Nonprofit, Society, and the Fourth Sector 5 For-Profit Companies and the Fourth Sector 6 Methodology 7 Results 7.1 Analysis of Key Strategies Enabling the Rise of the Fourth Sector 7.2 Years 1980-1990: A Very Difficult Situation 7.3 Resilience and Progressive Reconstruction: Time for Large Actors 7.4 The Era of Small Structures and Active Entrepreneurship 7.5 The Future of the Fourth Sector in Medellín 7.6 Complementarity and Collaboration as Driving Forces for Local Ecosystems 8 Discussion and Conclusions 8.1 Main Actors in the Fourth Sector 8.2 Relations Between Actors 8.3 Limitations and Challenges for the Fourth Sector References The Behobia/San Sebastin Race: Running Past the Boundaries of Sport 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Fortuna Sports Club and Behobia/San Sebastin 4 Results 4.1 Social Commitment 4.2 Business Methods 4.2.1 Strategic Thinking 4.2.2 Market Orientation 4.2.3 Public-Private Collaboration 5 Conclusions References The Project Partnership for Local Development: The Fourth Sector and Hybrid Initiatives 1 Introduction 2 Fourth Sector Brief Literature Review 3 Project Partnership for Local Development and the Fourth Sector 4 Results from the Research 5 Conclusions References Social Innovative Approaches on Health Care: Evidence from Home Hospitalization in Portugal-the Elvas Study 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 3.1 Sample 3.2 Hypothesis 3.3 Instruments 4 Procedures 5 Results, Discussion and Approaches 6 Conclusions and Future Trends References Havírov: ``The City of Green ́ ́ and Its Fourth Sector Sustainability Activities. One Case Study from the Czech Republic 1 Introduction 1.1 Methodology 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Terms and Definitions, the Fourth Sector Activities 2.2 Literature Review 3 Results 3.1 Havírov City 3.2 Civic/Municipal Enterprise Central Heating Company 3.3 Non-profit Endowment Heat on the Palm 3.4 Strategy for the Future 4 Discussion and Conclusions References Literature Internet Resources Internal Resources Commitment to Social Responsibility in a Third Sector Organization: The Case of Alfazema Flower 1 Introduction 2 Reference Theory 2.1 Social Responsibility on Different Perspectives 2.2 Responsibility Social Corporate in Institution Private of Solidarity Social (IPSS) 3 Methodology 4 Perception of Employees in Relation to Social Responsibility Practices at Alfazema Flower 5 Conclusions References Part III: Discussion About Social Innovation and Business Sustainability Perspective Through Social Responsibility in Microenterprises of Tulancingo, Hidalgo, Mexico 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 3.1 Conceptualization and Operationalization of Variables 3.2 Statistical Methods Used 4 Results 4.1 Factor Components 5 Discussion and/or Remarks and/or Conclusions References Social Innovation: Insights in the Fourth Sector in Portugal 1 Introduction 2 International Change, Fourth Sector and Social Innovation 2.1 International Change 2.2 The Fourth Sector 2.3 Social Innovation 3 Method 3.1 Case Studies Selection 3.2 Case 1: Learning and Teaching Mathematics with the Khan Academy 3.3 Case 2: VOGUI Águeda Tomorrowland: Social and Vocational Inclusion Project 3.4 Case 3: The Mozart Pavilion: Operational Social Inclusion Programme 4 Results 4.1 General Factor of Comparative Analysis-Intervention Partnerships 4.2 General Factor of Comparative Analysis-Social Innovation 4.3 General Factor of Comparative Analysis-Framework in the Fourth Sector 5 Findings 6 Final Remarks References The Fourth Sector and the 2030 Strategy on Green and Circular Economy in the Region of Extremadura 1 Introduction 2 Background 2.1 Not-for-Profit Sector and Social Enterprises 2.2 CSR and Social Entrepreneurship in Extremadura (Spain): Towards the Fourth Sector 3 Circular Economy and the 2030 Agenda: Boosting the Social Economy and the Fourth Sector 4 Method 4.1 Research Design 4.2 Techniques 4.3 Samples 5 Results 5.1 Results from the Analysis of Secondary Data 5.2 Results from Citizens: What Society Knows About the Fourth Sector 5.3 Results from the Expert Panel (Delphi) 6 Conclusions References Marketing for Business Opportunities Management on Foreign Investment and Productive Enchainments 1 Introduction 1.1 Reference Definitions 1.2 Relation to the Fourth Sector 1.3 Research Logics 1.4 Contributions 1.5 Expectations 2 Methodology 3 Results 3.1 Factual Study Basement 3.2 The Cuban Socioeconomic Development Context for Business Opportunities Management to Foreign Investment and Productive Enc... 3.3 Government Organizations Involvement into Fourth Sector Enterprises Relations 3.4 Countries with Special Agreements at Foreign Investment Law in Cuba. Incentives 3.4.1 Incentives 3.5 Real Situation of the Enterprise Sector Participation on Business Opportunities to Productive Enchainments and Foreign Inv... 3.5.1 Productive Enchainments 3.5.2 Business Opportunities Management to Foreign Investment Cause-Effect Analysis of Limited Participation on Business Opportunities Management to Foreign Investment 3.6 The Directive-Entrepreneur on the Business Opportunities Management Transforming Attitude 3.7 Cooperation Relations on Business Opportunities Management to Foreign Investment in Territories 3.8 Development Priority Sectors in Sancti Spíritus with Business Opportunities to Foreign Investment and Productive Enchainme... 3.8.1 Strategic Alignment of the Enterprises with Potential Business Opportunities to Foreign Investment and Productive Enchai... 3.9 Territorial Potentialities for the Fourth Sector Enterprises to Increase Participation on Business Opportunities Management 3.10 Participation Analysis in Sancti Spíritus Province (Local Territory) 3.10.1 Sancti Spíritus Products Represented on the Cuban Global Development Product That Constitutes Socioeconomic Development... 3.10.2 Productions Incidence on the Most Demanded Exportable Products from the Business Exportable Products Portfolio-Commerce... 3.10.3 Participation by Business Quantity and Modalities 3.10.4 Participation by Territorial or National Business 3.11 Valuation of Fourth Sector Economical Thinking in Cuba Related to Foreign Investment and Productive Enchainments 3.11.1 Challenges 3.12 Suggestions to the Fourth Sector in Cuba on Business Opportunities Management to Foreign Investment and Productive Enchai... 3.12.1 Importance of Product, Service, Client, and Suppliers ́ Relations: The Marketing Efforts on Business Management Matrix B... 3.12.2 The Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Model (GEM) 4 Conclusions References