Snow Sports Trauma and Safety : Conference Proceedings of the International Society for Skiing Safety: 21st Volume

This book is open access under a CC BY-NC 2.5 license. This book covers the latest in snow sport epidemiology, snow sport injuries and treatment, and biomechanical/mechanical engineering related to snow sports injuries (mechanisms of injury, injury prevention by equipment design, injury prevention by design of resort features, and more). It brings together a collection of papers from the International Congress on Ski Trauma and Safety (the biennal meeting of the International Society for Skiing Safety) and presents the latest research on the effectiveness of winter sports equipment, the behavior of winter sports participants, and the epidemiology and biomechanics of winter sports injuries. This is an ideal book for researchers and professionals working in the field of sports medicine and safety. This book also: Covers the latest body of literature dealing with safety in winter sports as well as the prevention and treatment of injuries sustained by participants in these activities Broadens readers’ understanding of snow sport injury prevention research Illustrates ways safety standards for snow sports can be improved based on evidence-based research. Front Matter....Pages i-x Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Injury Trends in Recreational Skiers and Boarders in the 16-Year Period 1996–2012....Pages 3-16 New Zealand Snow Sports Injury Trends Over Five Winter Seasons 2010–2014....Pages 17-28 Skiing and Snowboarding in Switzerland: Trends in Injury and Fatality Rates Over Time....Pages 29-39 The Utility of Two National Injury Databases to Evaluate Snow-Sports Injuries in New Zealand....Pages 41-49 A Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT2) for Use in Snowsports: Can the Balance Component of the Tool Be Improved?....Pages 51-61 Front Matter....Pages 63-63 Interactions of Tech Bindings with AT Boot Toe Inserts: Part I, Binding Toe-Piece Mechanics....Pages 65-81 Interactions of Tech Bindings with AT Boot Toe Inserts: Part II Binding in Skiing Mode....Pages 83-94 Special Design of Ski Plates May Improve Skiing Safety....Pages 95-107 Self-Release of Ski Bindings: A Sex Comparison....Pages 109-117 Front Matter....Pages 119-119 Computer Simulation of the Skier-Flex Pole Impact in Slalom....Pages 121-132 Sagittal Plane Helmet Acceleration at Pole Contact of Alpine Ski Racers is Dependent on Slalom Pole Type and Skill Level....Pages 133-144 Auxetic Foam for Snow-Sport Safety Devices....Pages 145-159 Front Matter....Pages 161-161 Recorded Speed on Alpine Slopes: How to Interpret Skier’s Perception of Their Speed?....Pages 163-174 Snowsport Instructors: Their Actual Maximum Speeds, Their Estimation of Maximum Speed and Speed in Slow Zones, and Their Knowledge of Helmet Effectiveness....Pages 175-187 Factors Associated with Alcohol Intake in Mountain Top Huts Among Slope Tourers....Pages 189-196 To What Extent Do Attitudes Regarding Ski Helmets Change After a Period of Utilization?....Pages 197-206 This book studies the foundations of quantum theory through its relationship to classical physics. This idea goes back to the Copenhagen Interpretation (in the original version due to Bohr and Heisenberg), which the author relates to the mathematical formalism of operator algebras originally created by von Neumann. The book therefore includes comprehensive appendices on functional analysis and C*-algebras, as well as a briefer one on logic, category theory, and topos theory. Matters of foundational as well as mathematical interest that are covered in detail include symmetry (and its "spontaneous" breaking), the measurement problem, the Kochen-Specker, Free Will, and Bell Theorems, the Kadison-Singer conjecture, quantization, indistinguishable particles, the quantum theory of large systems, and quantum logic, the latter in connection with the topos approach to quantum theory. This book is Open Access under a CC BY licence Quantum physics; Mathematical physics; Matrix theory; Algebra