Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education Second Edition

Hemodynamics make it possible to characterize in a quantitative way, the function of the heart and arterial system, thereby producing information about which genetic and molecular processes, and which abnormalities, are of importance for understanding cardiovascular mechanisms in health and disease. Snapshots of Hemodynamics: An Aid for Clinical Research and Graduate Education, Second Edition by Nico Westerhof, Nikos Stergiopulos and Mark I.M. Noble is a quick reference guide designed to help basic and clinical researchers as well as graduate students to understand hemodynamics. The layout of the book provides short and independent chapters with teaching diagrams as well as clear descriptions of the essentials of basic and applied principles of hemodynamics. References are provided at the end of each chapter for further reading and reference. Nico Westerhof, PhD is affiliated with the Laboratory for Physiology at VU University Medical Center in Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Nikos Stergiopulos, PhD is affiliated with the Laboratory of Hemodynamics and Cardiovascular Technology at the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Lausanne, Switzerland. Mark IM Noble, DSc, MD, PhD is affiliated with Cardiovascular Medicine at Aberdeen University, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary in Aberdeen Scotland. Front Matter....Pages i-xiii Front Matter....Pages 1-1 Viscosity....Pages 3-8 Law of Poiseuille....Pages 9-14 Bernoulli’s Equation....Pages 15-20 Turbulence....Pages 21-23 Arterial Stenosis....Pages 25-30 Resistance....Pages 31-36 Inertance....Pages 37-40 Oscillatory Flow Theory....Pages 41-43 Law of Laplace....Pages 45-48 Elasticity....Pages 49-56 Compliance....Pages 57-66 Front Matter....Pages 67-67 Cardiac Muscle Mechanics....Pages 69-76 The Pressure-Volume Relation....Pages 77-85 The Pump Function Graph....Pages 87-95 Cardiac Work, Energy and Power....Pages 97-99 Cardiac Oxygen Consumption and Hemodynamics....Pages 101-106 Cardiac Power and Ventriculo-Arterial Coupling....Pages 107-114 The Coronary Circulation....Pages 115-127 Assessing Ventricular Function....Pages 129-135 Front Matter....Pages 137-137 Wave Travel and Velocity....Pages 139-146 Front Matter....Pages 137-137 Wave Travel and Reflection....Pages 147-153 Waveform Analysis....Pages 155-160 Arterial Input Impedance....Pages 161-171 The Arterial Windkessel....Pages 173-181 Distributed Models and Tube Models....Pages 183-187 Transfer of Pressure....Pages 189-195 Mechanotransduction and Vascular Remodeling....Pages 197-205 Blood Flow and Arterial Disease....Pages 207-211 Front Matter....Pages 213-213 Determinants of Pressure and Flow....Pages 215-221 Comparative Physiology....Pages 223-230 Front Matter....Pages 231-231 Times and Sines: Fourier Analysis....Pages 233-237 Basic Hemodynamic Elements....Pages 239-240 Vessel Segment....Pages 241-243 Wave Speed and Characteristic Impedance....Pages 245-248 Basic Aspects....Pages 249-252 Books for Reference....Pages 253-254 Symbols....Pages 255-257 Units and Conversion Factors....Pages 259-260 Back Matter....Pages 261-271 This book is written in a quick reference style to help clinical and basic researchers, as well as graduate students, in the understanding of hemodynamics. Recent dev- opments in genetics and molecular biology on the one hand, and new noninvasive measurement techniques on the other hand, make it possible to measure and und- stand the hemodynamics of heart and vessels better than ever before. Hemodynamics makes it possible to characterize, in a quantitative way, and even with noninvasive techniques the function of the heart and the arterial system, separately and in c- bination, thereby producing information about what genetic and molecular processes are of importance for cardiovascular function. We have made the layout of the book such that it gives a succinct overview of individual topics in short chapters Therefore every chapter starts with a “box” c- taining a figure and caption, describing the main aspects of the subject. It is often sufficient to study the contents of this box alone to obtain this basic information, and therefore it is not necessary to read the book from cover to cover. This updated book will help clinical and basic researchers, as well as graduate students, in the understanding of hemodynamics. Each chapter can stand alone, and the chapters are written to define the basic and applied principles of the hemodynamic topic.