Smart Cities: Third Ibero-American Congress, ICSC-Cities 2020, San José, Costa Rica, November 9-11, 2020, Revised Selected Papers (Communications in Computer and Information Science, 1359)

This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the Third Ibero-American Congress, ICSC-CITIES 2020, held in Costa Rica, in November 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held online. The 21 full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 99 submissions. The papers are organized on topical sections on Energy Efficiency and Sustainability; Mobility and IoT; Infrastructure, Environment, Governance. Preface Organization Contents Energy Efficiency and Sustainability Low-Cost and Real-Time Measurement System for Electrical Energy Measuring of a Smart Microgrid Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Measurement of Consumption in the CEDER Microgrid 3 Proposed Measurement System 4 Results Obtained 5 Conclusions References A Prototype of Classroom Energetically Efficient Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 Methodology 3.1 Used Hardware 3.2 Used Web Applications Technologies 3.3 Framework IoT Ubidots 4 Proposed Solution Architecture 5 Test Scenarios 5.1 Scenario 1: A Professor is Far from the Institution and Has Classes at that Time 5.2 Escenario 2: A Professor is at the Institution and Has Classes at that Time 5.3 Scenario 3: Functioning with Different Personalized Professor Profiles 6 Conclusions and Future Works References REMOURBAN: Evaluation Results After the Implementation of Actions for Improving the Energy Efficiency in a District in Valladolid (Spain) Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Description of the Interventions Implemented 2.1 Passive Measures: Façade and Roof Insulation 2.2 Active Measures 3 REMOURBAN Evaluation Framework 4 Methodology for the Evaluation at Project Level 5 Evaluation Supporting Tool: STILE 6 Evaluation of Valladolid Demo Site 6.1 Evaluation of Buildings and District Indicators for Valladolid Demo Site 7 Conclusions Acknowledgements References Analysis of Residential Electricity Consumption by Areas in Uruguay 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of Residential Electricity Consumption 2.1 Main Research Question and Hypothesis 2.2 Related Works 3 Proposed Approach for Electricity Consumption Analysis 4 Data Collection and Processing 4.1 Census Data 4.2 Appliance Characteristics Data 4.3 Electricity Consumption Data 4.4 Implementation 5 Results 5.1 Index Scores by Census Areas 5.2 Validation of the Proposed Approach 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Computational Intelligence for Characterization and Disaggregation of Residential Electricity Consumption 1 Introduction 2 Energy Disaggregation in Households 2.1 Overall Description 2.2 Mathematical Model 3 Related Work 4 Computational Intelligence Methods for Disaggregation 4.1 Naive Bayes 4.2 K Nearest Neighbors 4.3 Long Short Term Memory 5 Experimental Evaluation 5.1 Evaluation Methodology 5.2 Numerical Results 5.3 Summary 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Demand Response Control in Electric Water Heaters: Evaluation of Impactpg on Thermal Comfort 1 Introduction 2 Demand Management and Direct Control of Electric Water Heaters 2.1 Demand Management 2.2 Load Shifting with Direct Control of Electric Water Heaters 2.3 Problem Formulation and Related Works 3 The Proposed Approach for Defining a Discomfort Index 3.1 Data Preparation 3.2 Water Utilization Forecasting Model 3.3 Water Temperature Model 3.4 Defining the TDI 4 Implementation 4.1 Development and Execution Platforms 4.2 Implementation Details 4.3 TDI Calculation 5 Experimental Validation 5.1 Water Utilization Forecasting 5.2 Water Temperature Model 5.3 TDI Calculation 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks to Model Urban Outdoor Air Pollution 1 Introduction 2 CGANs for Pollution Data Augmentation 2.1 Conditional Generative Adversarial Networks Training 2.2 GANs Applied to Urban Sciences 2.3 Pollution Daily Time Series Generation 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Training Dataset Description 3.2 CGAN Design Details 3.3 Metrics Evaluated 4 Experimental Analysis 4.1 Development, Training Configuration, and Execution Platform 4.2 Experimental Results 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Performance Assessment of the Transport Sustainability in the European Union 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Composite Indicators 2.2 Data Envelopment Analysis 3 Methodology 3.1 Data and Variables 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Descriptive Analysis of the Variables 4.2 Performance Assessment of the EU Countries 5 Conclusions References Mobility and IoT Public Transportation and Accessibility to Education Centers in Maldonado, Uruguay 1 Introduction 2 Accessibility and Related Works 3 Case Study and Data Analysis Approach 3.1 Maldonado Metropolitan Area 3.2 Data Analysis Approach 4 Accessibility to Education Centers 4.1 Definition of the Studied Area 4.2 Matrix of Travel Times 4.3 Location of Education Centers 4.4 Accessibility Indicator 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Travel Time Matrix 5.2 Accessibility Indicator 5.3 Web Visualization Tool 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Crowdsourcing and IoT Towards More Resilient Flooding Prone Cities Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Crowdsourcing and IoT 3 Technical Background 4 Architecture 5 Technological Requirements for the Community 6 Related Issues 7 Proposed Technologies 8 Conclusion 9 Future Work Acknowledgment References Smart Mobility in Cities: GIS Analysis of Solar PV Potential for Lighting in Bus Shelters in the City of Ávila Abstract 1 Introduction 2 GIS of Bus Shelters in the City of Ávila 2.1 Energy Demand in Shelters 3 Analysis of PV Solar Potential in Bus Shelters 3.1 Shadow Analysis 3.2 Optimal PV Panels Design 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Computational Intelligence for Analysis of Traffic Data 1 Introduction 2 Computational Intelligence for Image Analysis 2.1 Detection 2.2 Tracking 3 Related Work 4 The Proposed System for Traffic Data Analysis 4.1 Overall Description 4.2 Video Capture and Object Detection 4.3 Detection Data Analysis 4.4 Annotation and Results Visualization 4.5 Storage 5 Validation Experiments 5.1 Case Studies in Montevideo, Uruguay 5.2 Development and Execution Platform 5.3 Metrics for Evaluation 5.4 Results: Object Detection 5.5 Object Tracking 5.6 Pattern Analysis 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Exact and Metaheuristic Approach for Bus Timetable Synchronization to Maximize Transfers 1 Introduction 2 Bus Timetable Synchronization to Maximize Transfers 2.1 Problem Model 2.2 Problem Formulation 3 Related Work 4 Proposed Resolution Approaches 4.1 Exact Mathematical Programming 4.2 Evolutionary Algorithm 5 Experimental Evaluation 5.1 Methodology 5.2 Numerical Results 6 Conclusions and Future Work References Towards a Sustainable Mobility Plan for Engineering Faculty, Universidad de la República, Uruguay 1 Introduction 2 Sustainable Mobility 3 Related Work 4 Sustainable Mobility Analysis for Engineering Faculty, Montevideo, Uruguay 4.1 Motivation and Objectives of the Study 4.2 Methodology 5 Practical Approach for Analysis and Implementation of a Sustainable Mobility Plan for Engineering Faculty 6 Recommendations for a Sustainable Mobility Plan in Engineering Faculty 7 Conclusions and Future Work References Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Traffic Congestion in Latin American Cities: An Updated Five-Month Study Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results and Their Analysis 3.1 Cluster A 3.2 Cluster B 3.3 Cluster C 3.4 Cluster D 4 Analysis of Results 5 Conclusions Acknowledgements References Infrastructure, Environment, Governance Reimaging the Book ... Again! A New Framework for Smart Books Using Digital Twins Technology 1 Introduction 1.1 About the Book and Its Evolution 1.2 Previous Work 1.3 Problem Statement 1.4 Objectives 2 Methodology 3 Proposed System 4 Early Prototype 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References A Methodology for the Conversion of a Network Section with Generation Sources, Storage and Loads into an Electrical Microgrid Based on Raspberry Pi and Home Assistant Abstract 1 Introduction 2 Methodology to Provide Intelligence to the Grid 3 Case Study 3.1 Identification and Description of the Network Components 3.2 Selection of Monitoring and Control Hardware and Software 3.3 Establishment of Communication Between the Elements that Make up the Network 3.4 Creation of a Control Network Framwork 4 Conclusions References Analysis of Alternatives for the Acceleration of a Hyperloop System Abstract 1 Operation of the ZELEROS Hyperloop System 2 The Propulsion of the ZELEROS System 3 Options for the Acceleration Systems 4 Modeling and Selection of a Switched Reluctance Machine Type 4.1 Three Configurations of LSRMs 4.2 Comparison and Selection of the Three Configurations of LSRMs 5 Conclusions References Prototype System for Remotely Monitoring and Managing Second-Hand Clothing Collection Containers 1 Introduction 2 Analysis of the State of the Art 3 Description of the Developed System 4 Validation of the Developed System 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Smart City Tools to Evaluate Age-Healthy Environments 1 Introduction 2 Towards Healthy and Inclusive Aging: Spaces Matters 2.1 The Importance of Place and Place Attachment while Aging 2.2 Environment Influence on a Healthy Aging 2.3 The Compromise with Sustainable Development Goals in Terms of Urban Aging 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Madrid Information 3.2 Methodology Applied 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Availability of the Green Areas 4.2 Urban Fitment for Old Age 4.3 Air Quality 4.4 Outdoor Noise Levels 4.5 General Overview 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Experimental Comparison of Visual Inspection and Infrared Thermography for the Detection of Soling and Partial Shading in Photovoltaic Arrays 1 Introduction 2 Suboptimal Conditions Considered 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 The PV Installation Analyzed 3.2 Image Capturing 3.3 Other Instruments and Measurements 3.4 Experiments 3.5 Description of Each Factor and the Levels of the Experiment 3.6 Protocol for Missions with UAS 3.7 Fault Detection Criteria 3.8 Date and Conditions of the Experiment 3.9 Measurement Normalizing 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 RGB and IR Images Analysis 4.2 Statistical Analysis 5 Conclusions References Author Index