Smart Blockchain : Second International Conference, SmartBlock 2019, Birmingham, UK, October 11{u2013}13, 2019, Proceedings

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Conference on Smart Blockchain, SmartBlock 2019, held in Birmingham, UK, in October 2019. The 13 papers presented in this volume were carefully reviewed and selected from 100 submissions. They focus on a broad range of topics in the area of blockchain, from privacy-preserving solutions to designing advanced blockchain mechanism, from empirical studies to practical manuals. Preface 6 Organization 7 Contents 10 Research on Privacy Protection in IoT System Based on Blockchain 12 1 Introduction 13 2 Blockchain Solves IoT Information Security Requirements 14 2.1 IoT Information Security Requirements 14 2.2 Applicability of Blockchain to IoT 14 3 Blockchain Solves IoT Information Security 14 3.1 Blockchain Solution to Solve the Problem of Information Security of the IoT 14 3.2 Fusion Model of Blockchain and IoT 15 3.3 Out-of-Chain Database of Blockchain and IoT Integration 17 4 IoT Information Security Protection Model Infrastructure Based on Blockchain 17 4.1 Data Storage Module 17 4.2 Data Cryptographic Module 18 5 Blockchain for IoT Information Security 18 6 Conclusion 20 References 20 A Wearable Ad Hoc Device for Situational Awareness and Trusted Collaboration 22 1 Introduction 22 2 Related Works 23 3 System Framework 24 4 Trusted Positioning 25 4.1 Key Updating and Session Key Negotiation Based on Blockchain 25 4.2 Blockchain Implementation on Embedded System 25 5 Experiment 29 6 Conclusions 31 References 31 Distributed Audit System of SDN Controller Based on Blockchain 32 1 Introduction 32 2 Related Work 34 2.1 SDN System Architecture 34 2.2 Blockchain 34 2.3 Distributed Key Generation 34 3 SDN Distributed Audit System Model 34 4 System Analysis 38 4.1 Correctness 38 4.2 Security 39 4.3 Efficiency Analysis 40 5 Conclusion 41 References 41 Food Supply Chain Traceability Scheme Based on Blockchain and EPC Technology 43 Abstract 43 1 Introduction 43 2 Related Technology 45 2.1 EPC Technology 45 2.2 IPFS 45 2.3 Ethereum 45 3 Design of Traceability Scheme 45 3.1 Traceability Architecture Design 45 3.2 Data Flow on the Chain 46 4 Trading Contract Design 48 4.1 Entity Relationship 48 4.2 Transaction Algorithm Design 49 5 Traceability Scheme Performance Analysis 51 6 Conclusion 51 References 52 Towards Blockchain-Based Auditing of Data Exchanges 54 Abstract 54 1 Introduction 54 2 Related Work 55 3 Problem Statement 56 3.1 Problem Definition 56 3.2 Threats Model and Assumptions 56 3.3 Designed Goals 57 4 Proposed Approach 57 4.1 Notation 57 4.2 System Architecture 58 4.3 Key Management 58 4.4 Protocol 59 5 Performance Evaluation 60 5.1 Implementation 61 5.2 Security Analysis 62 6 Conclusion 62 References 63 Feasibility of Stellar as a Blockchain-Based Micropayment System 64 Abstract 64 1 Introduction 64 2 Motivation 65 3 Related Work 67 4 Stellar 67 4.1 Methodology of Payments 67 4.2 Issues and Limitations 68 5 Characteristics of a Micropayment System 69 5.1 Technical 69 5.2 Non-Technical 70 6 Analysis of Stellar Payment Transactions 71 7 Mitigation Strategy for Fraud Circumvention 74 8 Conclusion 74 References 74 Community Cash: A Community-Based Cryptocurrency for Implementing Activity-Based Micro-Pricing 77 Abstract 77 1 Introduction 77 2 Related Work 78 2.1 Consensus Algorithm 78 2.2 Activity-Based Micro-Pricing 79 3 Our Approach 81 3.1 Overview 81 3.2 Proof-of-Contribution 81 3.3 System 81 3.4 Rewards 82 3.5 Motivations 83 3.6 Scenarios 83 4 Analysis and Future Work 84 4.1 Remaining Problems 84 4.2 Future Work 84 5 Conclusion 85 References 85 Efficiency Issues and Solutions in Blockchain: A Survey 87 1 Introduction 87 2 Leading Issues of Blockchain 89 2.1 Time Constraints 89 2.2 Resource Intensity 89 3 Solutions to Time Constraints 90 4 Explorations on Resource Intensity 91 5 Future Work and Discussions 93 6 Conclusions 94 References 94 Technical Evaluation and Impact Analysis of Libra 98 Abstract 98 1 Introduction 98 2 Analysis of Libra Core Technical Characteristics 99 3 Technical Test and Evaluation Result 101 4 Libra Impact Discussion 105 5 Conclusion 106 Acknowledgements 106 References 106 Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management System with Integration of IoT and Blockchain Technology 108 Abstract 108 1 Introduction 108 2 New Architecture Design of Pharmaceutical Supply Chain System 110 3 Comprehensively Perceive the Real-Time Environment State Based on IoT 111 3.1 The Application of RFID 111 3.2 The Operational Process of the IoT in the Pharmaceutical Supply Chain 112 4 Break Data Islands Based on Fabric and Smart Contracts 112 4.1 Blockchain and HyperLedger Fabric 112 4.2 The Process of Building Transaction and Multi-node Consensus 113 4.3 Smart Contract Module 114 4.4 Transaction Privacy Module 115 5 Evaluation 116 5.1 Functional Testing 116 5.2 Points for Improvement 118 6 Conclusion 118 References 118 Securing Intelligent Transportation System: A Blockchain-Based Approach with Attack Mitigation 120 1 Introduction 120 2 Related Work 121 3 System Design 122 3.1 System Overview 122 3.2 Transaction, Smart Contract, Block and Consensus 124 4 Security Analysis 126 5 Experiments 128 6 Conclusion 129 References 129 Insurance Block: An Insurance Data Security Transaction Authentication Scheme Suitable for Blockchain Environment 131 Abstract 131 1 Introduction 131 2 Related Work 133 3 Insurance Block Scheme 134 3.1 Blockchain Sharing Recognition Mechanism 134 3.2 Chain Storage Structure 135 3.3 Insurance Data Authentication Based on Blockchain 136 4 Experimental Results and Analysis 137 4.1 Network Throughput 137 4.2 Insurance Data Authentication Overhead 138 5 Conclusions and Prospect 139 References 140 Price Prediction of Cryptocurrency: An Empirical Study 141 1 Introduction 141 2 Empirical Characterization pf Price Predictability 142 2.1 Entropy and Conditional Entropy 142 2.2 Predictability of Cryptocurrencies Vs Stocks 143 3 Different Perspectives 143 3.1 Twitter Volume Analysis 143 3.2 Twitter Sentiment Analysis 143 3.3 Technical Analysis Based on Deep Learning 144 4 Empirical Study 147 4.1 Twitter Volume Analysis 147 4.2 Twitter Sentiment Analysis 148 4.3 LSTM BTC Results 148 5 Conclusions 150 References 150 Author Index 151 Front Matter ....Pages i-xii Research on Privacy Protection in IoT System Based on Blockchain (Shiping Fan, Liang Song, Chunyan Sang)....Pages 1-10 A Wearable Ad Hoc Device for Situational Awareness and Trusted Collaboration (Zhenyu Guan, Jiawei Li, Hao Liu, Dawei Li)....Pages 11-20 Distributed Audit System of SDN Controller Based on Blockchain (Zhenyu Guan, Hanzheng Lyu, Haibin Zheng, Dawei Li, Jianwei Liu)....Pages 21-31 Food Supply Chain Traceability Scheme Based on Blockchain and EPC Technology (Haihui Huang, Xiuxiu Zhou, Jun Liu)....Pages 32-42 Towards Blockchain-Based Auditing of Data Exchanges (Xiaohu Zhou, Antonio Nehme, Vitor Jesus, Yonghao Wang, Mark Josephs, Khaled Mahbub)....Pages 43-52 Feasibility of Stellar as a Blockchain-Based Micropayment System (Nida Khan, Tabrez Ahmad, Radu State)....Pages 53-65 Community Cash: A Community-Based Cryptocurrency for Implementing Activity-Based Micro-Pricing (Kosuke Komiya, Tatsuo Nakajima)....Pages 66-75 Efficiency Issues and Solutions in Blockchain: A Survey (Atabaev Odiljon, Keke Gai)....Pages 76-86 Technical Evaluation and Impact Analysis of Libra (Su-de Qing, Yi-hui Zhang, Hong-nan Liu, Tao He, Bai-xue Yang, Kai Wei)....Pages 87-96 Pharmaceutical Supply Chain Management System with Integration of IoT and Blockchain Technology (Jianfeng Shi, Dian Yi, Jian Kuang)....Pages 97-108 Securing Intelligent Transportation System: A Blockchain-Based Approach with Attack Mitigation (Le Su, Yao Cheng, Huasong Meng, Vrizlynn Thing, Zhe Wang, Linghe Kong et al.)....Pages 109-119 Insurance Block: An Insurance Data Security Transaction Authentication Scheme Suitable for Blockchain Environment (Lijun Xiao, Yan Cheng, Han Deng, Shen Xu, Weidong Xiao)....Pages 120-129 Price Prediction of Cryptocurrency: An Empirical Study (Liuqing Yang, Xiao-Yang Liu, Xinyi Li, Yinchuan Li)....Pages 130-139 Back Matter ....Pages 141-141