آنتن‌های هوشمند: روندهای اخیر در طراحی و کاربردها (پیشرفت‌ها در محاسبات، ارتباطات و اطلاعات)

This reference provides the reader with focused information about microstrip antenna design and applications. Readers are first introduced to the basic design of microstrip antennas. Subsequent chapters explain how microstrip antennas are suitable for practical applications. These chapters cover topics such as fractal and defected ground structure antennas, microstrip antenna evaluation, and the use of microstrip antennas in mobile communications and IoT applications. Scholars, researchers, and industrial professionals involved in the fields of electronics and electrical engineering as well as instrumentation will benefit from the information given in this book. Cover 1 Title 2 Copyright 3 End User License Agreement 4 Contents 6 Preface 9 Dedication 11 List of Contributors 12 Introduction to Microstrip Antenna 13 Vivek Arya1,* 13 1. INTRODUCTION 13 2. FEEDING TECHNIQUES 14 3. DESIGNING OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA 17 4. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA ARE SUMMARIZED AS BELOW 18 Advantages: 18 Disadvantages: 18 5. APPLICATIONS OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA 19 CONCLUSION 20 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 20 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 20 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 20 REFERENCES 21 Fractal and Defected Ground Structure Microstrip Antenna for Wireless Applications 23 Charu Tyagi1,*, Puneet Chandra Srivastava2, Patrika Jayanti3 and Kiran Srivastava4 23 1. INTRODUCTION 23 Evolution in Antenna Optimization 24 2. FRACTAL LITERATURE 24 3. USEFUL FRACTAL GEOMETRIES 25 4. MINKOWSKI CURVE FRACTAL 27 4.1. Properties 29 4.1.1. Curve Length 29 4.1.2. Fractal Dimension 29 4.1.3. Self-Similarity 29 4.2. How Fractal have Space Occupancy Architecture 29 5. ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES 30 6. NATURAL FRACTAL AND ITS APPLICATIONS 30 6.1. Sciences of Nature 30 6.2. Of Nature 31 6.3. Computer-Science 31 6.4. Fluid- Mechanics 31 7. TELECOMMUNICATIONS 31 7.1. Introduction to Defected Ground Structures 31 7.2. The Ground Plane Impact 32 7.3. Multiband Antenna using Koch and Sierpinski Fractal with Defected Ground 34 7.4. Ultra-Wideband Antenna using Fractal 34 7.5. S & C Band Antenna with Defective Ground 35 7.6. Miniaturization of Ultra-wideband Antenna with Fractal Iteration 35 CONCLUSION 37 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 37 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 37 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 37 REFERENCES 37 Role of Artificial Intelligence in Market Development and Vehicular Communication 40 Arshi Naim1,*, Fahad Alahmari2 and Abdul Rahim2 40 1. INTRODUCTION 40 2. LITERATURE REVIEW 41 3. DISCUSSION 42 3.1. Micro Financial Point 43 3.2. Possible Effects of AI in Financial Markets 44 3.3. Possible Effects of AI Learning on FI 45 3.4. Possible Effects of AI on Consumers and Investors 45 3.5. Possible Effects of AI on Vehicle Manufactures 46 3.6. Possible effects of AI on Antenna Set up 46 3.7. Macro-Financial Analysis 47 4. RESULTS 48 CONCLUSION 49 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 49 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 49 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 49 REFERENCES 50 Performance Analysis of Microstrip Patch Antenna for Various Applications 52 S. Kannadhasan1,* and R. Nagarajan2 52 1. INTRODUCTION 52 2. DGS WITH BEAM STEERING CAPABILITIES OF 5G APPLICATIONS 54 3. TRI-BAND FOR 5G APPLICATIONS 56 4. MULTI-BAND ANTENNA FOR 5G APPLICATIONS 56 5. ENERGY HARVESTER 57 6. METAMATERIALS 59 7. ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK 60 8. SMART ANTENNA 61 9. TEXTILE APPLICATIONS 63 CONCLUSION 66 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 66 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 66 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 66 REFERENCES 67 Importance and Uses of Microstrip Antenna in IoT 69 Wani V. Patil1,* 69 1. BIRTH OF INTERNET OF THINGS 69 1.1. Advantages of the IoT 70 2. DESIGN OF MICROSTRIP ANTENNA FOR IOT APPLICATIONS 72 2.1. Multiband Microstrip Patch Antenna for IoT Applications 72 2.2. Design of A Handy Triple band Micro- Strip Patch Antenna for Satellite-Based Iot Applications 76 2.3. 3D Miniature Antenna Design for RFID Applications in IoT Environment 80 2.3.1. Design and the Analysis Approach 81 2.3.2. Simulation Results 84 3. DESIGN CHALLENGES OF ANTENNA FOR IOT APPLICATIONS 86 3.1. Selection of the Appropriate Size of the Antenna 86 3.2. Critical Antenna Performance 87 3.3. Antennas Used in the Mobile Phones 88 3.4. Antenna Used in IoT 89 4. CURRENT TRENDS IN THE DESIGN OF ANTENNAS FOR IOT APPLICATIONS 89 CONCLUSION 92 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 94 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 94 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 94 REFERENCES 94 Use of Smart-Antenna in Mobile Communication 96 Arghya Majumder1,* 96 1. INTRODUCTION 96 1.1. Types of Smart Antenna Systems 97 1.2. Major Challenges in Mobile Communication System 97 1.3. Improvement the Performance of Mobile Communication System by Using Smart Antenna 98 2. SMART ANTENNA STRATEGIES FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATION 98 2.1. Cross-layer Optimization 99 2.2. Multi-user Diversity 99 2.3. Performance 99 2.4. System Perspective 99 CONCLUSION 100 CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION 100 CONFLICT OF INTEREST 100 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 100 REFERENCES 100 Subject Index 101 Back Cover 108