Slavery in the Ottoman Empire and Its Demise, 1800-1909 (St. Anthony's Series)

`A masterful survey based on Ottoman and European sources, this book is a major contribution to the comparative study of slavery. Erdem explores the distinguishing feature of the Ottoman institution of slavery, most interestingly from the perspective of the slaves themselves. One of the book's chief contribution lies in its treatment of the community of freed slaves in Istanbul. Organized in lodges, presided over by a matriarch who also served as spiritual head of cult whose practices, disparaged by the Muslim orthodoxy, might well be traced back to the Yoruba in West Africa. By this discovery, Erdem links one of the sub-cultures of Ottoman slavery to the broader study of African slavery.' - Dr Eugene Rogan, St Antony's College, Oxford This study bridges the gap that exists between studies dedicated to the history of slavery in the Western and Islamic worlds. It sets itself the goal of understanding how slavery persisted and then met its end in the Ottoman Empire. It concentrates on the period between 1800-1909 and examines the policies of the Ottoman state regarding slavery both before and after the reform period known as the Tanzimat. It also looks at the British involvement in the issue. Front Matter....Pages i-xxii Employment of Slaves in the Classical Ottoman Empire....Pages 1-17 Traditional Ottoman Policies towards Slavery before the Tanzimat....Pages 18-42 Means of Enslavement and Slave Acquisition in the Late Ottoman Empire: Continuation of Ottoman Slavery after 1839....Pages 43-66 British Policy and Ottoman Slavery....Pages 67-93 Ottoman Policy during the Tanzimat Period, 1846–76....Pages 94-124 Ottoman Policy during the Reign of Abdülhamid II and the Advent of the Young Turks, 1876–1909....Pages 125-151 The Emancipation and Care of Slaves in the Late Ottoman Empire....Pages 152-184 Conclusion....Pages 185-188 Back Matter....Pages 189-229 Though slavery was almost extinct in the Ottoman military, agriculture, and industry by the 1880s, Erdem (history, Bagazici U., Istanbul) claims that as late as the 1860s its demise was no sure thing, its fortunes were being buoyed by the immigration of Circassian tribes and better contact with slave recruitment areas in Africa. He examines how pressure from the west, especially Britain, ended the trade in black slaves, and the Ottoman's own interests dried it up in white slaves. Annotation c. by Book News, Inc., Portland, Or. Hakan Erdem. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 213-218) And Index.