Slav Outposts in Central European History : The Wends, Sorbs and Kashubs

While many think of European history in terms of the major states that today make up the map of Europe, this approach tends to overlook submerged nations like the Wends, the westernmost Slavs who once inhabited the lands which later became East Germany and Western Poland. This book examines the decline and gradual erosion of the Wends from the time when they occupied all the land between the River Elbe and the River Vistula around 800 AD to the present, where they still survive in tiny enclaves south of Berlin (the Wends and Sorbs) and west of Danzig (the Kashubs). __Slav Outposts in Central European History__ - which also includes numerous images and maps - puts the story of the Wends, the Sorbs and the Kashubs in a wider European context in order to further sophisticate our understanding of how ethnic groups, societies, confessions and states have flourished or floundered in the region. It is an important book for all students and scholars of central European history and the history of European peoples and states more generally. Slav Outposts in Central European History: The Wends, Sorbs and Kashubs Contents List of Illustrations List of Maps Acknowledgements Introduction Wends, Sorbs, and Kashubs Trans-Elbia Before the Wends 1 Subjugation 800–1200 The Frankish Empire Names of Wendish tribes Eighth century Ninth century The Limes Sorabicus Louis the Pious (r. 814–840) Sorbs in the ninth century The Saxon kings – Heinrich I (r. 919–936) Otto I the Great (936–973) The church The Archbishopric of Magdeburg (962/968) Otto II (973–983): The Lutizi federation Eleventh century: Thietmar of Merseburg (975–1018) Heinrich II (1002–1024) Wars of Konrad II (r. 1024–1039) against the Lutizi The empire of the Obodriti: Decline of the Lutizi federation The Wendish rebellion of 1066 The Magdeburg appeal (1108) Duke Lothar von Supplinburg Pribislaw-Heinrich (c. 1075–1150) Emperor Lothar III von Supplinburg (1125–1137) Emperor Konrad III (r. 1138–1152) Pomerania The Wendish Crusade of 1147 After the crusade German settlers between Saale and Oder Wendish language 2 Coexistence and Erosion 1200–1500 Survival The Sachsenspiegel Wendish banned ‘on pain of death’? Bans (i): Anhalt 1293 Bans (ii): Anhalt, Leipzig, Zwickau, Altenburg 1327 (1329) Bans (iii): Meissen 1424? Union of Wendish towns The fourteenth century The Kietz Exclusion from guilds Upper and Lower Lusatia: Nomenclature The Six-Town Union Budissin revolt of 1405 The Hussites Peter Preischwitz The church before the Reformation Pomerania – Pomerelia – Cassubia Place names (toponyms) Personal names (anthroponyms) 3 Reformation 1500–1600 Town and country Maps Reformation Luther’s testimony Reform in Budissin and Radibor The Sequestration (1547) Feudal order and peasant revolts Writing in Wendish Albin Moller (1541–1618) Wenceslaus Warichius (1564–1618) Wends writing in Latin Where Wendish met Polish Pomerania Pomeranian Wendish in writing Wends in Royal Prussia The last Wends in Mecklenburg (1521) The Duchy of Lüneburg and western Brandenburg 4 Confessions 1600–1700 The Thirty Years’ War The defenestration Upper Lusatian participation The Peace of Prague (1635) Confessional conflict in Wittichenau Confessional conflict in Radibor Brandenburg A Wendish composer – Johann Crüger Wends at the University of Frankfurt/Oder Calvinism Lower Lusatia (Saxony) Calau Forbidden to preach in German: Leuthen Upper Lusatia (Protestants) Michael Frentzel and censorship Postwitzscher Tauff-Stein (1688) The Prätorius committee Abraham Frentzel (1656–1740) Upper Lusatia (Catholics) Jakub Xavier Ticin (1656–1693) Georg Franz Sende (1652–1706) The Gospels and Catechism for Catholics Jurij Hawštyn Swětlik (1650–1729) Pomerania The Thirty Years’ War Polish or Wendish Michał Pontanus (Mostnik/Brückmann) Royal Prussia Lüneburg West of the Elbe 5 From Pietism to Enlightenment 1700–1800 Upper Lusatia The Moravian Brethren The Leipzig Students’ Society The Prague Wendish Seminary The 1710 hymnal Robert Hales The 1728 Bible Wendish soldiers Nathanael Gotfried Leske (1751–1786) A peasant writer: Hanso Nepila (1766–1856) Saxon Lower Lusatia Leuthen The Cottbus Circle A New Testament for the Wends of Lower Lusatia (1709) Rebellion (1715–1717) The new church at Burg Fritze’s Old Testament (1796) Pomerania Dreger, Bernoulli, Brüggemann, and Haken Lüneburg Christian Hennig von Jessen Johann Parum Schultze The king of England and the Hanover Wends A Polabian folk song 6 Awakening 1800–1900 Napoleon ‘A deeply decayed language’ Literature and the Wendish press Wendish song festivals (1845) Old Lutherans Students’ societies Florian Ceynowa (1817–1881) Slovincians The Maćica Serbska 1848: The springtime of nations Johann Miertsching Panslavs versus conservatives The Second Reich The ‘Young Wends’ Emigration to Australia Emigration to Texas Wendish domestic servants Wendish church services in Dresden and Berlin The Lüneburg Wendland 7 Self-Determination 1900–1945 The Wendish House Lusatia – Panslavism and politics Domowina (1912) World war – an Easter truce (1915) Casualties November 1918: The Wendish National Committee Bryl and Bart in Paris (1919) The Bautzen trial The minorities clause Bart’s arrest Young Kashubs (Młodokaszubi) The Kashubs at the Peace Conference (1919) Kashubs in the Second Polish Commonwealth Lusatian Wends in the Weimar Republic and Third Reich The banning of the Domowina Wendish support for Nazis Wendish resistance Wendish martyrs Slav place names Germanized Meanwhile in Australia and Texas The Lutheran Church under the Nazis Expulsion of Catholic priests 8 From Liberation to European Union 1945–1990 The liberation Revival Pawoł Cyž Taming the Domowina The end of the National Council Saxon Law for the Protection of Sorbian Rights (1948) Yugoslav support The Domowina in Lower Lusatia Place names Wójćech Kóčka Sorbian schools State support for Sorbian culture Press freedom and the Stasi Demolition The Kashubs in People’s Poland (PRL) The last of the Slovincians After 1990: Reconstruction After 1990: Taking stock Kashubs in the Third Polish Commonwealth Social mobility – political prominence Not the last chapter Sources Index While Many Think Of European History In Terms Of The Major States That Today Make Up The Map Of Europe, This Approach Tends To Overlook Submerged Nations Like The Wends, The Westernmost Slavs Who Once Inhabited The Lands Which Later Became East Germany And Western Poland. This Book Examines The Decline And Gradual Erosion Of The Wends From The Time When They Occupied All The Land Between The River Elbe And The River Vistula Around 800 Ad To The Present, Where They Still Survive In Tiny Enclaves South Of Berlin (the Wends And Sorbs) And West Of Danzig (the Kashubs). Slav Outposts In Central European History--which Also Includes Numerous Images And Maps--puts The Story Of The Wends, The Sorbs And The Kashubs In A Wider European Context In Order To Further Sophisticate Our Understanding Of How Ethnic Groups, Societies, Confessions And States Have Flourished Or Floundered In The Region. It Is An Important Book For All Students And Scholars Of Central European History And The History Of European Peoples And States More Generally--from Publisher's Website. Subjugation, 800-1200 -- Co-existence And Erosion, 1200-1500 -- Reformation, 1500-1600 -- Confessions, 1600-1700 -- From Pietism To Enlightenment, 1700-1800 -- Awakening, 1800-1900 -- Self-determination, 1900-1945 -- From Liberation To European Union, 1945-1990. Gerald Stone. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. "While many think of European history in terms of the major states that today make up the map of Europe, this approach tends to overlook submerged nations like the Wends, the westernmost Slavs who once inhabited the lands which later became East Germany and Western Poland. This book examines the decline and gradual erosion of the Wends from the time when they occupied all the land between the River Elbe and the River Vistula around 800 AD to the present, where they still survive in tiny enclaves south of Berlin (the Wends and Sorbs) and west of Danzig (the Kashubs). Slav Outposts in Central European History ... which also includes numerous images and maps ... puts the story of the Wends, the Sorbs and the Kashubs in a wider European context in order to further sophisticate our understanding of how ethnic groups, societies, confessions and states have flourished or floundered in the region. It is an important book for all students and scholars of central European history and the history of European peoples and states more generally" ... From publisher's website La 4e de couverture indique : "While many think of European history in terms of the major states that today make up the map of Europe, this approach tends to overlook submerged nations like the Wends, the westernmost Slavs who once inhabited the lands which later became East Germany and Western Poland. This book examines the decline and gradual erosion of the Wends from the time when they occupied all the land between the River Elbe and the River Vistula around 800 AD to the present, where they still survive in tiny enclaves south of Berlin (the Wends and Sorbs) and west of Danzig (the Kashubs). Slav Outposts in Central European History--which also includes numerous images and maps--puts the story of the Wends, the Sorbs and the Kashubs in a wider European context in order to further sophisticate our understanding of how ethnic groups, societies, confessions and states have flourished or floundered in the region. It is an important book for all students and scholars of central European history and the history of European peoples and states more generally." "While many think of European history in terms of the major states that today make up the map of Europe, this approach tends to overlook submerged nations like the Wends, the westernmost Slavs who once inhabited the lands which later became East Germany and Western Poland. This book examines the decline and gradual erosion of the Wends from the time when they occupied all the land between the River Elbe and the River Vistula around 800 AD to the present, where they still survive in tiny enclaves south of Berlin (the Wends and Sorbs) and west of Danzig (the Kashubs). Slav Outposts in Central European History--which also includes numerous images and maps--puts the story of the Wends, the Sorbs and the Kashubs in a wider European context in order to further sophisticate our understanding of how ethnic groups, societies, confessions and states have flourished or floundered in the region. It is an important book for all students and scholars of central European history and the history of European peoples and states more generally."--Bloomsbury Publishing. Cover -- Contents -- List of Illustrations -- List of Maps -- Acknowledgements -- Introduction -- 1 Subjugation 800-1200 -- 2 Coexistence and Erosion 1200-1500 -- 3 Reformation 1500-1600 -- 4 Confessions 1600-1700 -- 5 From Pietism to Enlightenment 1700-1800 -- 6 Awakening 1800-1900 -- 7 Self-Determination 1900-1945 -- 8 From Liberation to European Union 1945-1990 -- Sources -- Index