Simulation of flow in porous media : applications in energy and environment ; [Workshop "Simulation of Flow in Porous Media and Applications in Waste Management and CO2 Sequestration" which took place on October 3-7, 2011, at the Johann Radon Institute fo

Subsurface flow problems are inherently multiscale in space due to the large variability of material properties and in time due to the coupling of many different physical processes, such as advection, diffusion, reaction and phase exchange. Subsurface flow models still need considerable development. For example, nonequilibrium effects, entrapped air, anomalous dispersion and hysteresis effects can still not be adequately described. Moreover, parameters of the models are diffcult to access and often uncertain. Computational issues in subsurface flows include the treatment of strong heterogeneities and anisotropies in the models, the effcient solution of transport-reaction problems with many species, treatment of multiphase-multicomponent flows and the coupling of subsurface flow models to surface flow models given by shallow water or Stokes equations. With respect to energy and the environment, in particular the modelling and simulation of radioactive waste management and sequestration of CO 2 underground have gained high interest in the community in recent years. Both applications provide unique challenges ranging from modelling of clay materials to treating very large scale models with high-performance computing. This book brings together key numerical mathematicians whose interest is in the analysis and computation of multiscale subsurface flow and practitioners from engineering and industry whose interest is in the applications of these core problems. Content: Preface Upscaled models for CO2 injection and migration in geological systems 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Model description 3.1 Key assumptions and dimensionless groupings 3.2 Vertical fluid and pressure distribution 3.3 Model derivation 3.4 Upscaling and subscale processes 4 Model application 5 Summary Multipoint flux approximation L-method in 3D: numerical convergence and application to two-phase flow through porous media 1 Introduction 2 The MPFA L-method in 3D 2.1 Details of the scheme 2.2 Criterion for choosing the proper L-stencil 2.3 Boundary handling. 3 Numerical convergence3.1 Benchmark test 1 3.2 Benchmark test 3 4 Grid adaptivity 4.1 Boundary handling 5 Two-phase flow applications 5.1 Two-phase model description 5.2 Buckley-Leverett-type problem 5.3 McWhorter-type problem 5.4 DNAPL infiltration problem 5.5 Refinement and coarsening indicator 6 Summary and conclusions Compositional two-phase flow in saturated-unsaturated porous media: benchmarks for phase appearance/disappearance 1 Introduction 2 Definition and basic assumptions 3 Equations 3.1 Mass conservation of each component 4 Choice of the primary variables. 5 Presentation of the two test cases5.1 First test case: gas phase appearing/disappearing by gas injection in a water-saturated rock core sample 5.2 Second test case: evolution from an initial out of equilibriumstate to a stabilized stationary one, in a sealed porous core sample 6 Conclusions and perspectives Coupling free and porous-media flows: models and numerical approximation 1 Introduction 2 Setting of the problem 2.1 The surface-groundwater flow problem 2.2 Interface conditions to couple surface and groundwater flows 3 Weak formulation and analysis. 3.1 Mixed formulation of Darcy's equation3.2 Time-dependent Stokes/Darcy model 4 Multidomain formulation of the coupled problem 4.1 The Stokes/Darcy problem 4.2 The Navier-Stokes/Darcy problem 4.3 Well-posedness of the interface problems 5 Finite element approximation of free and porous-media flows 5.1 Galerkin finite-element approximation of the Stokes/Darcy problem 6 Algebraic formulation of the linear interface problem and solution techniques 6.1 Numerical results 6.2 Other preconditioning methods 7 Iterative methods for the Navier-Stokes/Darcy problem. 8 Subdomain iterative methods for the time-dependent (Navier- )Stokes/Darcy problemMathematical and numerical modeling of flow, transport, and reactions in porous structures of electrochemical devices 1 Introduction 1.1 Model scales 1.2 The direct methanol fuel cell -- an example of an electrochemical device with a porous electrode 2 Electrolytes and interfaces 2.1 Dilute electrolytes 2.2 Bulk electroneutrality 2.3 Double layer 2.4 Interface between electrode and electrolyte 2.5 Faradaic reactions 3 Porous electrodes 3.1 Ideally polarizable porous matrix 3.2 Species transport. 3.3 Darcy flow. Thisbook is the firstvolume of three volume series recording the"Radon Special Semester 2011 on Multiscale Simulation & Analysis in Energy and the Environment" taking placein Linz, Austria,October 3-7, 2011. Thevolume discusses new developments in computational methods for the simulation of flows in porous media with applications in waste storage, CO 2 sequestration and fuel cells.It records the achievements of Workshop 1 "Simulation of Flow in Porous Media and Applications in Waste Management and CO 2 Sequestration". Itbrings together key numerical mathematiciansfrom the fields ofanalysis and computation of multiscale subsurface flow and practitioners from engineering and industry. Thisbook is the firstvolume of three volume series recording the"Radon Special Semester 2011 on Multiscale Simulation & Analysis in Energy and the Environment" taking placein Linz, Austria, October 3-7, 2011. Thevolume discusses new developments in computational methods for the simulation of flows in porous media with applications in waste storage, CO2 sequestration and fuel cells. It records the achievements of Workshop 1 "Simulation of Flow in Porous Media and Applications in Waste Management and CO2 Sequestration". Itbrings together key numerical mathematiciansfrom the fields ofanalysis and computation of multiscale subsurface flow and practitioners from engineering and industry "This book is the first volume of a three volume series recording the 'Radon Special Semester 2011 on Multiscale Simulation and Analysis in Energy and Environment' taking place in Linz, Austria, October 3-7, 2011"--Jacket Features three volume series recording the "Radon Special Semester 2011 on Multiscale Simulation & Analysis in Energy and the Environment" taking place in Linz, Austria, October 3-7, 2011.