Session C68 (Part I): Monumental Questions: Prehistoric Megaliths, Mounds, and Enclosures

uispp7&8_01.pdf Session C68 Part I MONUMENTAL QUESTIONS: PREHISTORIC MEGALITHS, MOUNDS, AND ENCLOSURES MEGALITHISME ET SÉDENTARISATION EN EUROPE OCCIDENTALE La péninsule ibérique Centres cérémoniels et mégalithiques de France occidentale Centres cérémoniels et mégalithiques de Grande Bretagne et d’Irlande Centres cérémoniels et mégalithiques d’Allemagne du nord, du Danemark et de Suède Eléments de discussion en guise de conclusion References uispp7&8_02.pdf Some Stones Can Speak! The social structure, identity and territoriality of SW Atlantic Europe complex appropriator communities reflected in their standing stones INTRODUCTION AND CHRONOLOGICAL SETTING STRUCTURE OF THE SETTLEMENT TERRITORY AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION RAW MATERIALS AND NATURAL OUTCROPS SETTLEMENT STRUCTURE AND IMPACT UPON THE ENVIRONMENT CONCLUSION References uispp7&8_03.pdf TIME AND SIGNS: SOUTHERN PORTUGUESE MEGALITHIC ART DIACHRONY CONCEPTS AND READINGS ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA CONCLUSIONS References uispp7&8_04.pdf Megaliths as Rock Art in Alentejo, Southern Portugal INTRODUCTION IN THE BEGINNING… THE CONTEXT QUESTIONS OF MEANING MENHIRS AS ROCK ART ALTERNATIVE SYMBOLS, ALTERNATIVE LANDSCAPES References uispp7&8_05.pdf “The-teeth-under-the-sky”: mountain steles and green stone workings in the Kuznetskii Alatau, southern Siberia (Khakassia, Russia) THE PROBLEM TASKYL: HISTORY OF A CURIOSITY OBSERVATIONS ON MONOLITHS Stele 1 Stele 2 Stele 3 Stele 4 Pseudo-stele 5 Observations on the worked mineral veins Western vein East vein Vein of Tegri Tichi ARCHAEOLOGICAL DIAGNOSES ANALOGICAL CONNECTIONS AND PERSPECTIVES Appendix References uispp7&8_06.pdf NEOLITHIC ROCK ART AT THE AVEBURY STONE CIRCLES IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND INTRODUCTION MONUMENTAL ROCK ART IN NORTHERN BRITAIN AND IRELAND MONUMENTAL ROCK ART IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND EVIDENCE FOR ROCK ART AT AVEBURY AVENUE STONE 26A STONE 206 CONCLUSION References uispp7&8_07.pdf CIERTOS ASPECTOS FUNERARIOS EN LA NECROPOLIS DEL III MILENIO DE VALENCINA-CASTILLEJA (SEVILLA) INTRODUCCIÓN LAS INTERVENCIONES ARQUEOLÓGICAS EN VALENCINA-CASTILLEJA VALORACIÓN DEL ASENTAMIENTO ASPECTOS FUNERARIOS DE LA NECRÓPOLIS Análisis formal Análisis del ajuar Análisis antropológico CONSIDERACIONES References uispp7&8_08.pdf ESTUDIO GEOARQUEOLÓGICO DEL CONJUNTO DE LOS DÓLMENES DE ANTEQUERA (MÁLAGA, ESPAÑA) INTRODUCCIÓN OBJETIVOS DEL PROYECTO DE INVESTIGACIÓN MÉTODOS Y TÉCNICAS APLICADAS A INVESTIGACIÓN GEOARQUEOLÓGICA DE LOS DÓLMENES DE MENGA, VIERA Y THOLOS DEL ROMERAL RESULTADOS Geología y geomorfología Ubicación de las canteras de materia prima para la construcción de los dólmenes de Menga y Viera El dolmen de Menga Litología y conservación Estudio geotécnico del dolmen de Menga Geometría del dolmen de Menga El dolmen de Viera El tholos de El Romeral CONCLUSIONES Bibliografía uispp7&8_09.pdf MORE THAN BIG STONES! PERIPHERAL AND CONFINED OR RESISTANT LINEAGE SOCIETIES IN THE PRISTINE CLASS-SOCIETY TERRITORIAL FRAMEWORK OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN IBERIAN PENINSULA (2900-2000 BC) PREAMBLE INTRODUCTION LA ORDENACIÓN DEL TERRITORIO MEGALÍTICO EN EL ANDÉVALO (HUELVA, ESPAÑA) LOS CONTEXTOS FUNERARIOS DEL ANDÉVALO DISCUSIÓN FINAL References uispp7&8_10.pdf Moon, Spring and Large Stones – Landscape and ritual calendar perception and symbolization INTRODUCTION CENTRAL ALENTEJO MEGALITHISM – THE EARLIER EQUINOX EVIDENCE NEW SPRING FULL MOON DATA AND SPRING EQUINOX CELEBRATION SPRING FULL MOON: SYMBOLIC LANDSCAPE AND RITUAL CALENDAR RITUAL CALENDAR AND SANCTUARIES DISCUSSION Acknowledgments References uispp7&8_11.pdf Megaliths, memory and the power of stones THE ANTA DA LAJINHA CONCLUSION Acknowledgements References uispp7&8_12.pdf Landscape, architectural and ritual aspects of the Chalcolithic (Calcolithic) sanctuaries in the Lombardy Alps (Italy) INTRODUCTION THE CAVEN, PAT AND CEMMO SANCTUARIES FINAL CONSIDERATIONS References uispp7&8_13.pdf Anonymous ancestors? The Tilley/Shanks hypothesis revisited THE TILLEY/SHANKS HYPOTHESIS MEGALITHIC TOMBS IN SWEDEN CARLSHÖGEN AND RAMSHÖG THE PASSAGE GRAVE AT GÖKHEM FRÄLSEGÅRDEN ARTICULATIONS AND PRESERVED INDIVIDUALS 14C DATES AND STRATIGRAPHY REDEPOSITED BONES SOME CONCLUSIONS References uispp7&8_14.pdf Two Neolithic Enclosures at Sormás-Török-földek (SouthWest-Transdanubia, Hungary) and their possible geometrical and astronomical role: A Case study INTRODUCTION Geographical description of the site CULTURAL CONTEXT Relative chronology of the site Absolute chronology DESCRIPTIONS OF THE NEOLITHIC RONDELLS Rondell I, the northern enclosure Enclosure II, the southern enclosure ORIGIN AND FUNCTION OF THE RONDELLS Arguments in favor of an astronomically informed research model GEOMETRICAL AND ARCHAEOASTRONOMICAL ANALYSIS CONCLUSIONS References uispp7&8_15.pdf HOUSES OF LIVING AND HOUSES OF DEAD IN THE NEOLITHIC AND COPPER AGE OF CENTRAL EUROPE LIVING AND DYING IN THE NEOLITHIC PERIOD DYING HOUSES AND HOUSES OF DEAD THE BRIEF OUTLINE OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY BARROWS IN BOHEMIA AND MORAVIA Invisible long barrows of the Proto- and Early Eneolithic Period Invisible death in the Middle Eneolithic Period Corded Ware and Bell Beaker barrows and the houses of dead Perishable monuments Tracing the invisible barrows Vanishing mounds – missing evidence Ring ditches and burial chambers, elite burials? Ring ditches Burial chambers Houses of dead CONCLUSION References BURIALS IN BOHEMIA BURIALS IN MORAVIA BURIALS IN CENTRAL GERMANY BURIALS IN SOUTHERN GERMANY uispp7&8_16.pdf LA REGION DE TAGRERA (TASSILI-WAN-AHAGGAR, AHAGGAR, ALGERIE) – REPRESENTATIONS RUPESTRES ET MONUMENTS FUNERAIRES PROTOHISTORIQUES INTRODUCTION ENVIRONNEMENT ARCHEOLOGIQUE DE TAGRERA LES ARCHITECTURES FUNERAIRES LES MONUMENTS FUNERAIRES FOUILLES Le monument à antennes Le monument en croissant LES DATATIONS OBTENUES AU NIGER PERMETTENT DE SITUER CES MONUMENTS ENTRE 3300 ET 1900 AV. J.-C. Le monument type “La plate – forme” L’ICONOGRAPHIE CONCLUSION References uispp7&8_17.pdf STRUCTURED DEPOSITION AND DITCHED ENCLOSURES IN THE LATE PREHISTORY OF SOUTHERN IBERIA (IV-III MILLENNIA BC) INTRODUCTION THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK (I): PRIMARY AND SECONDARY DEPOSITION CURRENT THOUGHTS ON IBERIAN DITCHED ENCLOSURES FORMATION PROCESSES THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK (II): STRUCTURED DEPOSITION ALTERNATIVE PROPOSAL: HUMAN ACTION References uispp7&8_18.pdf Session C68 Part II MONUMENTAL QUESTIONS: PREHISTORIC MEGALITHS, MOUNDS, AND ENCLOSURES Notes sur quelques structures funéraires de la région de Tindouf (Sud-sud-ouest, Algérie) INTRODUCTION ASPECT PHYSIQUE DE LA RÉGION DE TINDOUF ASPECT DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT ASPECT ARCHÉOLOGIQUE L’industrie lithique Les figurations rupestres Les monuments funéraires L’ÉTAT ACTUEL CONCLUSION References uispp7&8_19.pdf Conceptual framework and archaeological data of the initial classist society in the Atlantic Band of Cadiz (SW Spain) in 3rd and 2nd millennia BC NATURAL ENVIRONMENT AND RESOURCES METHODOLOGY FOR THE STUDY OF THE INITIAL CLASSIST SOCIAL FORMATION ENVIRONMENT TRANSFORMATION AND BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA CONCLUSIONS Acknowledgements uispp7&8_20.pdf ARCHAEOMETRIC ANALYSES OF POTTERY FROM TRB BARROWS AND HILLTOP ENCLOSURES INTRODUCTION CASE STUDY: THE MORAVIAN FUNNEL-BEAKER CULTURE (TRB) Moravian TRB pottery typo-chronology Archaeometric analyses and composition of pottery ARCHAEOLOGICAL CONTEXT Enclosure: Rmíz u Laškov Mound cluster: Náměšť na Hané-Džbán ANALYTICAL METHODS INTERPRETATION OF COMPOSITIONAL DATA RESULTS Thin-section analysis Neutron activation analysis CONCLUSIONS Acknowledgments References uispp7&8_21.pdf MEGALITHS OF THE VERA ISLAND IN THE SOUTHERN URALS INTRODUCTION MEGALITH 3 MEGALITH 2 MEGALITH 1 The western chamber Northern chamber Eastern chamber Corridor Mound COMMON FEATURES OF THE MEGALITHS FUNCTION OF THE STRUCTURES AND THEIR DATING CONCLUSIONS Acknowledgments References uispp7&8_22.pdf Memories of a Megalithic Landscape: Mortuary Practices and Gallery Graves in Western Sweden during the Late Neolithic INTRODUCTION COGNITIVE MAPS MAKING A PLACE IN SPACE REMEMBERING AND FORGETTING THE PAST CONCLUSION Acknowledgements References Abbreviations uispp7&8_23.pdf Monumental Questions: Prehistoric Megaliths, Mounds and Enclosures of Central and Northern Europe INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND A QUESTION OF FARMING FROM EARTHWORK TO GRAVE? Origin, chronology and function of earthworks Earthworks, burials and rituals FROM LONGHOUSE TO LONG-MOUND? MONUMENTAL TOMBS: THE LONG AND THE SHORT OF THE STORY? Chambers and other containers of human remains Mound classification A QUESTION OF TIME ALLOCHTHONOUS OR AUTOCHTHONOUS ORIGINS? CONCLUSIONS Acknowledgements References uispp7&8_24.pdf APPROACHING THE DEAD – SOCIAL AND ARCHITECTURAL INTERACTION REFLECTED IN A MEGALITHIC TOMB Introduction The situation of Vale de Rodrigo Vale de Rodrigo monument 2 The entrance The forecourt Find conditions inside the forecourt A stone with decoration Symbols in stone References uispp7&8_25.pdf Earthen architecture in Classic Period Central Veracruz, Mexico: development and function INTRODUCTION ANTECEDENTS FRAMEWORK AND HYPOTHESIS NORTH PLATFORM EAST PLATFORM DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION Acknowledgements References uispp7&8_26.pdf MONUMENTALITY AND COMPLEX HUNTER-GATHERERS IN SOUTHEAST COASTAL BRAZIL References uispp7&8_27.pdf From Moundville to Angel: A Comparison of the Organization of Monumental Architecture and Central Places at THREE Points in Space and Time in the Mississippian World THREE MISSISSIPPIAN TOWNS MOUNDVILLE LUBBUB CREEK ARCHAEOLOGICAL LOCALITY THE ANGEL SITE MAPPING REMOTE SENSING SUMMING UP References uispp7&8_28.pdf SAMBAQUIEIROS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN COAST OF BRAZIL: THE BEGINNING OF SETTLEMENT, FUNCTIONING AND COLLAPSE SAMBAQUIEIROS OF THE SOUTHEASTERN COAST OF BRAZIL: THE BEGINNING OF SETTLEMENT, FUNCTIONING AND COLLAPSE Reference uispp7&8_29.pdf NEW PERSPECTIVES ON MOUNDBUILDING SOCIETIES FROM COASTAL SOUTHERN BRAZIL – Natural dynamics and regional archaeology REGIONAL CHRONOLOGY AND MOUND OCCUPATION FOR A SAMBAQUI SETTLEMENT PATTERN ECONOMY AND SOCIAL ORGANIZATION References uispp7&8_30.pdf SHELLMIDDEN FORMATION AT THE BEAGLE CHANNEL (TIERRA DEL FUEGO, ARGENTINE) FORMATION PROCESS INTERPRETATION OF THE RING-SHAPED SHELLMIDDENS CONCLUSION Acknowledgments References uispp7&8_31.pdf HOMOGENEITY IDEOLOGY VERSUS STATUS DISTINCTION: CHANGES IN BURIAL SYSTEM IN THE SOUTHWESTERN KOREAN BRONZE AGE IDEOLOGY AS AN ELITE STRATEGY THE SOUTHWESTERN KOREAN BRONZE AGE (1300-100 BC) Early Period (1300-700 BC) Middle (700-300 BC) and Late (300-100 BC) Periods CHANGE IN BURIAL SYSTEM AND ELITE STRATEGY FOR POWER REPRODUCTION CONCLUSION References uispp7&8_32.pdf Megalithic tombs, Power, and Social Relations in West Sumba, Indonesia THE QUEST FOR THE SOCIAL RELEVANCE OF MEGALITHIC TOMBS WEST SUMBA TOMBS IN WEST SUMBA TOMB BUILDING AND ITS SOCIAL IMPLICATIONS DISCUSSION: THE WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF TOMB BUILDING IN WEST SUMBA CONCLUSION Acknowledgments References uispp7&8_33.pdf Gurdadaguji stone arrangements: late Holocene aggregation locals? Stone arrangements as archaeology? – the Australian experience GURDADAGUJI ARRANGEMENTS EXCAVATION AND DATING PROGRAMME Excavation and dating Removal, recording and relocation RESULTS: STONE ARRANGEMENT CHARACTERISTICS Optical dating STONE ARRANGEMENTS IN THE HUNTER-GATHERER LANDSCAPE TEMPORAL LANDSCAPE SPATIAL LANDSCAPE AND AGGREGATION LOCALS IMPLICATIONS Acknowledgements References uispp7&8_34.pdf SMALL THINGS IN BIG PLACES – Coloration and Fabric Structure of Selected Polychrome Textiles from the Seip Mound Group in Eastern North America INTRODUCTION Literature review METHODS Textile analysis Acquisition of samples Optical microscopy Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy RESULTS Textiles in Cases #4, #10, #31 Structural features of textile from Cases #4, #10, #31 Structural features of textiles from Cases #30 and #32 Seip textiles: materials, structure, and decorations Colors and their application Design and construction Fragments Colors, optical behavior and mineralization CONCLUSION AND DISCUSSION Acknowledgements Bibliography Visual examination Glass Case # Front Cover Title Page Copyright TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES Session C68 Part I: MONUMENTAL QUESTIONS: PREHISTORIC MEGALITHS, MOUNDS, AND ENCLOSURES MEGALITHISME ET SÉDENTARISATION EN EUROPE OCCIDENTALE SOME STONES CAN SPEAK! THE SOCIAL STRUCTURE, IDENTITY AND TERRITORIALITY OF SW ATLANTIC EUROPE COMPLEX APPROPRIATOR COMMUNITIES REFLECTED IN THEIR STANDING STONES TIME AND SIGNS: SOUTHERN PORTUGUESE MEGALITHIC ART DIACHRONY MEGALITHS AS ROCK ART IN ALENTEJO, SOUTHERN PORTUGAL “THE-TEETH-UNDER-THE-SKY”: MOUNTAIN STELES AND GREEN STONE WORKINGS IN THE KUZNETSKII ALATAU, SOUTHERN SIBERIA (KHAKASSIA, RUSSIA) NEOLITHIC ROCK ART AT THE AVEBURY STONE CIRCLES IN SOUTHERN ENGLAND CIERTOS ASPECTOS FUNERARIOS EN LA NECROPOLIS DEL III MILENIO DE VALENCINA-CASTILLEJA (SEVILLA) ESTUDIO GEOARQUEOLÓGICO DEL CONJUNTO DE LOS DÓLMENES DE ANTEQUERA (MÁLAGA, ESPAÑA) MORE THAN BIG STONES! PERIPHERAL AND CONFINED OR RESISTANT LINEAGE SOCIETIES IN THE PRISTINE CLASS-SOCIETY TERRITORIAL FRAMEWORK OF THE SOUTH-WESTERN IBERIAN PENINSULA (2900-2000 BC) MOON, SPRING AND LARGE STONES – LANDSCAPE AND RITUAL CALENDAR PERCEPTION AND SYMBOLIZATION MEGALITHS, MEMORY AND THE POWER OF STONES LANDSCAPE, ARCHITECTURAL AND RITUAL ASPECTS OF THE CHALCOLITHIC (CALCOLITHIC) SANCTUARIES IN THE LOMBARDY ALPS (ITALY) ANONYMOUS ANCESTORS? THE TILLEY/SHANKS HYPOTHESIS REVISITED TWO NEOLITHIC ENCLOSURES AT SORMÁS-TÖRÖK-FÖLDEK (SOUTHWEST-TRANSDANUBIA, HUNGARY) AND THEIR POSSIBLE GEOMETRICAL AND ASTRONOMICAL ROLE: A CASE STUDY HOUSES OF LIVING AND HOUSES OF DEAD IN THE NEOLITHIC AND COPPER AGE OF CENTRAL EUROPE LA REGION DE TAGRERA (TASSILI-WAN-AHAGGAR, AHAGGAR, ALGERIE) – REPRESENTATIONS RUPESTRES ET MONUMENTS FUNERAIRES PROTOHISTORIQUES STRUCTURED DEPOSITION AND DITCHED ENCLOSURES IN THE LATE PREHISTORY OF SOUTHERN IBERIA (IV-III MILLENNIA BC)