Self-Healing Phenomena in Cement-Based Materials: State-of-the-Art Report of RILEM Technical Committee 221-SHC: Self-Healing Phenomena in Cement-Based Materials (RILEM State-of-the-Art Reports (11))

Self-healing materials are man-made materials which have the built-in capability to repair damage. Failure in materials is often caused by the occurrence of small microcracks throughout the material. In self-healing materials phenomena are triggered to counteract these microcracks. These processes are ideally triggered by the occurrence of damage itself. Thus far, the self-healing capacity of cement-based materials has been considered as something "extra". This could be called passive self-healing, since it was not a designed feature of the material, but an inherent property of it. Centuries-old buildings have been said to have survived these centuries because of the inherent self-healing capacity of the binders used for cementing building blocks together. In this State-of-the-Art Report a closer look is taken at self-healing phenomena in cement-based materials. It is shown what options are available to design for this effect rather than have it occur as a "coincidental extra". 1 Introduction: 1.1 Self-healing phenomena 1.2 Why self-healing in cement-based materials 1.3 Definitions in an emerging field 1.4 Outline of the report 1.5 Link to other RILEM TC’s 1.6 References 2 Experimental techniques used to verify healing: 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Techniques used to examine crack healing 2.3 Techniques used to verify recovery against environmental actions 2.4 Techniques used to verify recovery against mechanical actions 2.5 References 3 Recovery against environmental action: 3.1 Autogenic self-healing 3.2 Autonomic self-healing 3.3 References 4 Recovery against mechanical actions: 4.1 Autogenic self-healing 4.2 Autonomic self-healing 4.3 References 5 Modelling of self-healing cementitious materials: 5.1 Introduction 5.2 Lattice modelling for concrete with tubular encapsulation 5.3 Simulation of autogenic self-healing for concrete at early age 5.4 Simulation of self-healing capacity of hybrid fibre material 5.5 Analytical models for cracks hitting encapsulated materials 5.6 Self-healing by on-going hydration 5.7 References 6 Other materials, applications and future developments: 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Self-healing in other materials 6.3 Applications 6.4 Future developments and outlook 6.5 References. Front Matter....Pages 1-17 Introduction....Pages 1-17 Experimental Techniques Used to Verify Healing....Pages 19-63 Recovery against Environmental Action....Pages 65-117 Recovery against Mechanical Actions....Pages 119-215 Modelling of Self-Healing Cementitious Materials....Pages 217-240 Other Materials, Applications and Future Developments....Pages 241-256 Back Matter....Pages 257-265