Seed dispersal and frugivory: ecology, evolution and conservation. Third International Symposium-Workshop on Frugivores and Seed Dispersal, São Pedro, Brazil, 6-11 August 2000

Until recently, the production of fruits by plants, their consumption by animals (frugivory) and the relevance of these to seed dispersal have attracted less attention than topics such as pollination biology. However, since the 1970s they have started to gain more prominence and now give rise to more research funding, seminal papers and international symposiums. This book contains chapters adapted from the Third International Symposium-Workshop on Frugivores and Seed Dispersal held in August 2000 in Rio Quente, Brazil. Colour Plates......Page 2 Acknowledgements......Page 12 Contributors......Page 14 Preface......Page 18 1 Maintenance of Tree Diversity in Tropical Forests......Page 20 2 Dissemination Limitation and the Origin and Maintenance of Species-rich Tropical Forests......Page 38 3 Assessing Recruitment Limitation: Concepts, Methods and Case-studies from a Tropical Forest......Page 54 4 Have Frugivores Influenced the Evolution of Fruit Traits in New Zealand?......Page 74 5 Mechanistic Models for Tree Seed Dispersal by Wind in Dense Forests and Open Landscapes......Page 88 6 The Role of Vertebrates in the Diversification of New World Mistletoes......Page 102 7 Mistletoes as Parasites and Seed-dispersing Birds as Disease Vectors: Current Understanding, Challenges and Opportunities......Page 118 8 Secondary Metabolites of Ripe Fleshy Fruits: Ecology and Phylogeny in the Genus Solanum......Page 130 9 The Seed-dispersers and Fruit Syndromes of Myrtaceaein the Brazilian Atlantic Forest......Page 148 10 Are Plant Species that Need Gaps for Recruitment More Attractive to Seed-dispersing Birds and Ants than Other Species?......Page 164 11 The Role of Fruit Traits in Determining Fruit Removal in East Mediterranean Ecosystems......Page 180 12 Seed Dispersal of Mimetic Fruits: Parasitism, Mutualism, Aposematism or Exaptation?......Page 196 13 Secondary Dispersal of Jeffrey Pine Seeds by Rodent Scatter-hoarders: the Roles of Pilfering, Recaching and a Variable Environment......Page 212 14 The Role of Seed Size in Dispersal by a Scatter-hoarding Rodent......Page 228 15 Mast Seeding and Predator-mediated Indirect Interactions in a Forest Community: Evidence from Post-dispersal Fate of Rodent-generated Caches......Page 246 16 Seasonality of Fruiting and Food Hoarding by Rodents in Neotropical Forests: Consequences for Seed Dispersal and Seedling Recruitment......Page 260 17 Seed-eaters: Seed Dispersal, Destruction and Demography......Page 276 18 Plant–Animal Coevolution: Is it Thwarted by Spatial and Temporal Variation in Animal Foraging?......Page 294 19 The Frugivorous Diet of the Maned Wolf, Chrysocyon brachyurus, in Brazil: Ecology and Conservation......Page 310 20 Frugivore-generated Seed Shadows: a Landscape View of Demographic and Genetic Effects......Page 324 21 Contributions of Seed Dispersal and Demography to Recruitment Limitation in a Costa Rican Cloud Forest......Page 342 22 A Meta-analysis of the Effect of Gut Treatment on Seed Germination......Page 358 23 Effectiveness of Seed Dispersal by Cercopithecus Monkeys: Implications for Seed Input into Degraded Areas......Page 370 24 Exploring the Link between Animal Frugivory and Plant Strategies: the Case of Primate Fruit Processing and Post-dispersal Seed Fate......Page 384 25 Extinct Pigeons and Declining Bat Populations: Are Large Seeds Still being Dispersed in the Tropical Pacific?......Page 400 26 Potential Consequences of Extinction of Frugivorous Birds for Shrubs of a Tropical Wet Forest......Page 416 27 Primate Frugivory in Two Species-rich Neotropical Forests: Implications for the Demography of Large-seeded Plants in Overhunted Areas......Page 426 28 Patterns of Fruit–Frugivore Interactions in Two Atlantic Forest Bird Communities of South-eastern Brazil: Implications for Conservation......Page 442 29 Limitations of Animal Seed Dispersal for Enhancing Forest Succession on Degraded Lands......Page 456 30 Frugivory and Seed Dispersal in Degraded Tropical East Asian Landscapes......Page 470 31 Behavioural and Ecological Considerations for Managing Bird Damage to Cultivated Fruit......Page 486 32 Harvest and Management of Forest Fruits by Humans: Implications for Fruit–Frugivore Interactions......Page 498 Index......Page 514