Secondary Parallelism: A Study of Translation Technique in LXX Proverbs (SBL Academia Biblica, No. 15)

The Septuagint translates the Hebrew of Proverbs freely. Therefore LXX Proverbs cannot simply be translated back into Hebrew to determine an underlying Hebrew source text. The translator's techniques and possible translational alterations must be considered along with religious, moral, social, and economic influences. This volume shows particularly how dynamic Hebrew parallelisms became more static in translation. The translator's tendency to produce closely corresponding lines is striking. Secondary Parallelism urges scholars, commentators, and Bible translators to consider these issues before using LXX Proverbs for "better" parallelisms to correct the Masoretic Hebrew Text. Paperback edition is available from the Society of Biblical Literature (www.sbl-site.org) SECONDARY PARALLELISM: A Study of Translation Technique in LXX Proverbs......Page 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS......Page 7 PREFACE......Page 11 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS......Page 13 ABBREVIATIONS......Page 15 INTRODUCTION......Page 19 THE NATURE OF HEBREW PARALLELISM......Page 32 PARALLELISM IN THE LXX......Page 34 1.1 INTRODUCTION......Page 37 1.2 SEMANTIC AND GRAMMATICAL RELATIONSHIPS RENDERED MORE NEARLY PARALLEL......Page 48 1.2.1 SEMANTIC RELATIONSHIPS......Page 49 1.2.1.1 Lexical Aspect......Page 51 1.2.1.2 Emphatic Phrases or Various Figures of Speech......Page 57 1.2.1.3 Near-Synonymous Parallelisms Transformed into Antithetical Forms......Page 61 1.2.1.4 Near-Antithetical Parallelisms Rendered with a Clearer Contrast......Page 0 1.2.2.1 Second Person, Paired with Impersonal Construction......Page 103 1.2.2.3 Personal Object, Paired with Impersonal Object......Page 104 1.2.2.4 Second Person Imperfect (and Third Person Object), Paired with Third Person Imperfect (and Second Person Object)......Page 105 1.2.2.5 Imperative, Paired with Imperfect......Page 106 1.2.2.6 Construct Form, Paired with Participle......Page 107 1.2.2.8 Direct Quotation, Paired with Indirect Quotation......Page 108 1.2.2.10 Elliptical Constructions......Page 109 1.2.2.10.2 Verb (or adverb), omitted in one half......Page 110 1.2.2.10.2.1 Verb (or adverb), omitted in colon B......Page 111 1.2.2.10.2.2 Verb, omitted in colon A......Page 116 1.2.2.12 Conclusion......Page 118 1.2.3 POSSIBLE NON-TRANSLATIONAL DEVIATIONS......Page 119 1.3 CONCLUSION......Page 123 2.1.1 LINGUISTIC SIGNALS OF COHESION IN GENERAL......Page 127 2.1.1.1 Connectives, Markers or Particles......Page 128 2.1.1.2 Agreement in Tense/ Aspect or Person and Number......Page 131 2.1.1.3 Participant Reference......Page 134 2.1.1.4 Deixis or Deictic Links......Page 138 2.1.2.1 Parallelism and Agreement in Tense/Aspect or Person and Number......Page 140 2.1.2.2 Parallelism and Participants......Page 141 2.1.2.3 Parallelism and Deictic Links as well as Other Discourse Considerations......Page 143 2.1.3.1 Cohesive Ties and Thematic Groupings in General......Page 146 2.1.3.2 Cohesive Ties and Thematic Groupings as Affecting Parallel Forms......Page 148 2.2.1 VARIOUS LINGUISTIC AND TRANSLATIONAL CONSIDERATIONS INFLUENCE PARALLEL FORMS......Page 151 2.2.2 PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE HEBREW CONSONANTAL TEXT(S) (UNDERSTANDING OR TAKING THE HEBREW DIFFERENTLY, OR INNERTEXTUAL CORRUPTION) INFLUENCE PARALLEL FORMS......Page 164 2.2.3 INTERPRETATION AND THEOLOGY INFLUENCES PARALLEL FORMS......Page 173 2.3 CONCLUSION......Page 179 3.1 THE VALUE OF THE LXX......Page 183 3.2 EVALUATION OF TEXTUAL WITNESSES......Page 187 3.3 TRANSLATIONAL CASES OF PARALLEL FORMS......Page 190 3.3.1.1 Lexical Aspect......Page 191 3.3.1.2 Emphatic Phrases or Various Figures of Speech......Page 202 3.3.1.3 Near-Synonymous Parallelisms Transformed into Antithetical Forms......Page 205 3.3.1.4 Near-Antithetical Parallelisms Rendered with a Clearer Contrast......Page 211 3.3.1.5.1 Parallelisms of logical relations......Page 229 3.3.1.5.3 Parallelisms of comparisons......Page 231 3.3.1.5.4 Less closely parallel or single-sentence constructions......Page 235 3.3.1.5.6 Triplets......Page 236 3.3.2.1 Noun Phrase Subject, Paralleled with Prepositional NounPhrase......Page 238 3.3.2.2.1 Verb (adverb), omitted in B......Page 239 3.3.2.3 Structural Differences......Page 240 3.4 CONCLUSION......Page 241 GENERAL CONCLUSIONS......Page 245 APPENDIX......Page 249 BIBLIOGRAPHY......Page 253 INDEX......Page 265 Slightly revising his 2001 doctoral dissertation in religious studies at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland, Tauberschmidt argues that the translator of LXX Proverbs frequently rendered Hebrew parallelism in a form that is more closely parallel than the Masoretic Text, that is, the colons of couplets correspond more closely to each other semantically and/or grammatically. The translator's fondness for producing closely corresponding lines needs to be considered when using LXX Proverbs as a source of variant reading, he says, and his thesis will assist in evaluating the Greek translation of Proverbs, thus avoiding the misuse of LXX Proverbs for the sake of better parallelisms. There is no subject index. Annotation : 2004 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)