SDL 2001: Meeting UML: 10th International SDL Forum Copenhagen, Denmark, June 27-29, 2001. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2078)

This volume contains the papers presented at the Tenth SDL Forum, Cop- hagen. SDL is the Speci?cation and Description Language ?rst standardized by the world telecommunications body, the International Telecommunications Union (ITU), more than 20 years ago in 1976. While the original language and domain of application has evolved signi?cantly, the foundations of SDL as a graphical, state-transition and process-communication language for real-time systems have remained. Today SDL has also grown to be one notation in the set of uni?ed modelling languages recommended by the ITU (ASN.1, MSC, SDL, ODL, and TTCN) that can be used in methodology taking engineering of systems from requirements capture through to testing and operation. The SDL Forum is held every two years and has become the most imp- tant event in the calendar for anyone involved in SDL and related languages and technology. The SDL Forum Society that runs the Forum is a non-pro?t organization whose aim it is to promote and develop these languages. SDL 2001: Meeting UML Preface Organization Table of Contents Combining SDL with Synchronous Data Flow Modelling for Distributed Control Systems Introduction The SCADE/Lustre Technology Application Domain The Language An SDL View of a SCADE Model A Simple Example Benefits of SCADE Tool Support SDL and Control Engineering Origin Approaches for the Design of Distributed Communicating Control Systems Reasons and Problems of Distribution Distribution/Communication Architectures The Quasi-synchronous Architecture and Approach GALS Architectures Principle of SCADE/SDL Combination Basis A Simple Example Semantics of the SCADE/SDL Combination Synchronous Model Communication Service Computation Service Design and Implementation Process Conclusion References Using Message Sequence Charts to Accelerate Maintenance of Existing Systems Introduction and Background Approximating Use Cases with Source Trajectories Representations of Scenarios Creating Scenario from the Source Trajectory Representing Scenarios as MSCs Operations on Scenarios Alternative Representations of Scenarios The PathFinder Tool Case Study Comparison to Related Work and Conclusions References From MSC-2000 to UML 2.0 - The Future of Sequence Diagrams Introduction The Conceptual Model of Collaboration and Sequence Diagrams Structuring Sequence Diagrams Diagram References and Inline Expressions Guarding the Expression Operand Decomposition Meta-model for Sequence Diagram Aggregate Hierarchy, Roles and Parameters Interpreting the Interaction Constraint Collaboration Diagrams Summary References SDL and Layered Systems: Proposed Extensions to SDL to Better Support the Design of Layered Systems Introduction Presentation of the Problem What Are Layers? Presentation of the Layer Pattern Examples How SDL Is Weak and Lacking with Regard to Layers Layered Systems in SDL Common Mechanisms Used for Layered Systems in Programming Languages Dangers of Usual Techniques A Proposal for Generic Signal Handling The Type Tsignal Benefits and Drawbacks Metadata in Tsignals Data and Signals The (Somewhat Unexpected) Comeback of Channel Substructures Reminder on SDL-88 Channel Substructures Transparency Miscellaneous Conclusion References Collaboration-Based Design of SDL Systems Introduction Collaboration-Based Design The Concept of Collaborations Collaboration-Based Design Process Composition of Collaborations Explicit Specification of Collaborations Describing Collaborations in MSC CoSDL Conclusions and Future Work References Using UML for Implementation Design of SDL Systems Introduction Implementation Design UML Concepts for Implementation Design UML Components and Nodes UML Extension Mechanisms Implementation Design and Code Generation Description of the Implementation Design Model A Solution for a Code Generator Controlled by Implementation Design Related Work Conclusion References Deployment of SDL Systems Using UML Introduction Background Objectives Scope Organization Deployment Requirements Requirements on a Deployment Notation for SDL Deployment Scenarios Using UML for Deployment of SDL Systems Architectural Design The Mapping between SDL and UML Combining SDL and the UML Component Diagram Combining SDL and the UML Deployment Diagram Deployment Scenarios Modeled Using UML The Usability of UML for SDL Deployment Summary References ETSI Testing Activities and the Use of TTCN-3 About ETSI ETSI and Testing The PTCC The Bake-Off Service Testing for Interoperability Conformance Testing Methodology Use of TTCN-3 Main Capabilities of TTCN-3 Differences between TTCN-2 and TTCN-3 Harmonization of TTCN-3 with Other Languages Conclusions References HyperMSCs with Connectors for Advanced Visual System Modelling and Testing Introduction Motivation: A HyperMSC-Based Presentation Format for TTCN-3 Test Suites From HMSCs to HyperMSCs Integration of HyperMSC into the MSC Language Usage of HyperMSC MSC Connectors MSC Connector Specifications Combining MSC Connectors with the HyperMSC Concept Summary and Outlook References Graphical Test Specification - The Graphical Format of TTCN-3 Motivation Overview on TTCN-3 Overview on MSC Using MSCs during the Test Development Process Concepts of Graphical Test Specifications The GFT Extensions to MSC MSC Documents MSC Headings Instances Messages and Special Test Operations Timers Control Flow Verdicts Actions Create In-Line Expressions Default Behavior MSC References / Hybrid MSCs High-Level MSCs HyperMSCs Data Concepts An Example: A Complete Test Case Summary and Outlook References Some Implications of MSC, SDL and TTCN Time Extensions for Computer-Aided Test Generation Introduction Timer in Test Purpose Descriptions Timer in Formal Languages MSC-96 MSC-2000 SDL-2000 TTCN-2 TTCN-3 Timer in Current Test Generation Tools TestComposer Autolink Discussion Improving the Test Generation Process Test Case Generation with Timed SDL Generation of Time Requirements for Test Equipment Using MSC-2000 for Test Purpose Description Conclusion References Verification of Quantitative Temporal Properties of SDL Specifications Introduction Related Work Specification and Verification of Temporal Behavior Reasoning about Timed Systems Timed Automata Temporal Properties Decidability Limits of Timed Models A Timed Automata Model for SDL The Semantics of SDL Mapping SDL Constructs to Timed Automata Constructs Expressivity Considerations Formalizing the Mapping of SDL to Timed Automata Time Consuming SDL Tasks Specification of Temporal Properties in GOAL The Temporal Property Verification Tool The Simulation Graph Verification of Properties Interactive Commands and Presentation of Results Conclusions and Future Work Acknowledgements References A General Approach for the Specification of Real-Time Systems with SDL Introduction Related Work Specification of Systems with SDL Communication Systems Specification of Stream-Oriented Services Specification of Real-Time and Timing Constraints Extensions for the Specification of Real-Time Functional Approach Temporal Approach Case Study: Specification of the DECT MAC-Layer Specification of the Clocks for the TDMA Timing SDL Specification Conclusion References Timed Extensions for SDL Introduction Real-Time SDL: What Is Missing? Real-Time Semantics How to Note Non-functional Aspects? High Level Synchronisations and Other Real-Time Primitives Deployment Information Extending Specification Aspects Urgencies Durations Periodicity Flexible Channel Specifications Extending Programming Aspects Extension of Timer Concepts Atomicity Conclusion and Perspectives References ASN.1 Is Reaching Out! Birth and Marriages Protocol Specification through the Ages So What Does ASN.1 Offer? And What Are the Main ASN.1 Developments Today? Encoding Control Notation (ECN) Application to Bluetooth Examples of ECN Status of ECN XML Support An Example of ASN.1 XML Value Notation Advantages of the XML Value Notation Status of the XML Work Conclusion References Distributed Systems: From Models to Components Motivation and Introduction Modelling Distributed Systems ODL for Modelling of Software Components SDL for Object Behaviour and Object Configuration Description Component IDL for Describing Potential Object Collaborations DCL for Distribution and Configuration of Software Components Language Mapping Problems Common Concept Space Structural Concepts Configuration Concepts Interaction Concepts Implementation Concepts Deployment Concepts The MOF Approach Towards a Common Concept Space Based Integration of ITU and OMG Techniques The HU-NTT Platform Mappings of Concepts Summary References Deriving Message Sequence Charts from Use Case Maps Scenario Specifications Introduction Use Case Maps UCMs, Messages, and Architectural Reasoning UCM Navigator Relationships between UCM and MSC Scenario Variables in UCMs Scenario Variables Scenario Definitions Logical Selection Conditions at OR-Forks and Dynamic Stubs Transformation of UCM Paths into Message Sequence Charts Hypergraph Model Recursive Scanning Algorithm Example Basic Call and Feature UCMs Scenario Variables and Conditions Message Sequence Charts Conclusions References Appendix A:UCM Quick Reference Guide An SDL Implementation Framework for Third Generation Mobile Communications System Introduction UMTS Radio System 3G SDL Library Implementation Framework General Process Architecture Use of ASN.1 Style Guide Example Conclusions References OSPF Efficient LSA Refreshment Function in SDL Introduction Flooding Function Performance Improving RFC Quality The Project The Formal Process Network Topology The SDL Performance Data Process Assessment Conclusions References Using SDL in a Stateless Environment Introduction The Integrated SDL Environment (SITE) Check-Pointing vs. Stateless Operation Selecting the Process Representation Flat Byte Stream Storage Using Typed and Structured Storage Combining Flat and Structured Storage Operating SDL Stateless Future Work References An MSC Based Representation of DiCons Introduction DiCons Primitives and Their Graphical Representation Overview of Language Constructs Central Application Users and Roles Interactions Behaviour Presentations An Example: The Meeting Scheduler Related Work Conclusions References Some Pathological Message Sequence Charts, and How to Detect Them Introduction Operational Semantics Basic Message Sequence Charts High-Level Message Sequence Charts Implicit Synchronization Non-local Choices Confluence Conclusion References An Execution Semantics for MSC-2000 Introduction Informal Presentation of Ideas in the Semantics Definition of Message Sequence Charts Execution Semantics Discussion and Conclusions References Comparing TorX, Autolink, TGV and UIO Test Algorithms Introduction The Ioco Theory for Test Derivation (TorX) TGV UIO and UIOv Algorithms (Phact) A Survey of the UIO and UIOv Theory The Translation of the UIO and UIOv Concepts to the Ioco Concepts Classification of UIO, UIOv and protect elax Ioconf Conformance Relation Autolink The Autolink Algorithm The Translation of Autolink in Ioco Terms Comparing Autolink to TorX, TGV, UIO,UIOv Concluding Remarks References Verifying Large SDL-Specifications Using Model Checking Introduction Mascara: A Wireless ATM Medium-ACcess Protocol Overall Structure Mascara Control Model Checking Environment Methodology Bottom-Up Compositional Verification Closing the Model Abstraction Verification Results Reachability Checks Errors Found Time-Dependent Safety Property: Unique MAC-Addresses Conclusion References Applying SDL Specifications and Tools to the Verification of Procedures Introduction Structure of SDL Models Modelling Procedures with SDL Actions and Sequences of Actions Checking System States Waiting for Conditions Subroutines and Monitoring Processes Example of Procedure Specifications Discussion Representing Correctness Requirements A Case Study Discussion and Concluding Remarks References Author Index

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International SDL Forum, SDL 2001, held in Copenhagen, Denmark in June 2001.
The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The book offers topical sections on tools, language evolution, combined SDL and UML, unified testing, timing, unified ITU-T languages, SDL applications, MSC, and test and verification.

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 10th International SDL Forum, SDL 2001, held in Copenhagen, Denmark in June 2001. The 26 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected for presentation. The book offers topical sections on tools, language evolution, combined SDL and UML, unified testing, timing, unified ITU-T languages, SDL applications, MSC, and test and verification