Science in the Enlightenment: An Encyclopedia (ABC-Clio's History of Science Series)

ABC-CLIO STEALS FROM THEIR AUTHORS, PAYS THEM NOTHING, AND ROBS THEM BLIND. DO NOT PURCHASE BOOKS FROM THEM OR FROM THEIR SUBSIDIARIES. BOYCOTT THESE THIEVES!!! The first introductory A–Z resource on the dynamic achievements in science from the late 1600s to 1820, including the great minds behind the developments and science's new cultural role.Though the Enlightenment was a time of amazing scientific change, science is an often-neglected facet of that time. Now, Science in the Enlightenment redresses the balance by covering all the major scientific developments in the period between Newton's discoveries in the late 1600s to the early 1800s of Michael Faraday and Georges Cuvier.Over 200 A-Z entries explore a range of disciplines, including astronomy and medicine, scientists such as Sir Humphry Davy and Benjamin Franklin, and instruments such as the telescope and calorimeter. Emphasis is placed on the role of women, and proper attention is given to the shifts in the worldview brought about by Newtonian physics, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier's'chemical revolution,'and universal systems of botanical and zoological classification. Moreover, the social impact of science is explored, as well as the ways in which the work of scientists influenced the thinking of philosophers such as Voltaire and Denis Diderot and the writers and artists of the romantic movement. Though the Enlightenment was a time of amazing scientific change, science is an often-neglected facet of that time. Now, "Science in the Enlightenment" redresses the balance by covering all the major scientific developments in the period between Newton's discoveries in the late 1600s to the early 1800s of Michael Faraday and Georges Cuvier. Over 200 A-Z entries explore a range of disciplines, including astronomy and medicine, scientists such as Sir Humphry Davy and Benjamin Franklin, and instruments such as the telescope and calorimeter. Emphasis is placed on the role of women, and proper attention is given to the shifts in the worldview brought about by Newtonian physics, Antoine-Laurent Lavoisier's "chemical revolution," and universal systems of botanical and zoological classification. Moreover, the social impact of science is explored, as well as the ways in which the work of scientists influenced the thinking of philosophers such as Voltaire and Denis Diderot and the writers and artists of the romantic movement. "The first introductory reference work focusing exclusively on the scientific output of the era, Science in the Enlightenment spans the full spectrum of scientific disciplines, some of which built on the achievements of the previous era (astronomy, mathematics), some of which underwent revolutionary change (chemistry; zoology and botany; geology; and medicine). It is the ideal introduction to both the vast array of innovation and controversy the universe of eighteenth-century science offered its eager public and the legacy that science left for the future." "The History of Science series explores humanity's millennia-old quest to understand the Earth, the heavens, and everything in between. Top science historians examine the great figures, trends, events, and themes of science in these exhaustively compiled, elegantly written, and magnificently illustrated volumes."--Jacket. Contents......Page 8 Foreword......Page 12 Preface and Acknowledgments......Page 14 Topic Finder......Page 26 A......Page 30 B......Page 44 C......Page 74 D......Page 100 E......Page 110 F......Page 130 G......Page 136 H......Page 148 I......Page 164 J......Page 174 K......Page 178 L......Page 182 M......Page 206 N......Page 236 O......Page 246 P......Page 252 R......Page 270 S......Page 288 T......Page 300 U......Page 310 V......Page 316 W......Page 322 Z......Page 330 Chronology......Page 334 Bibliography......Page 344 Useful Web Sites......Page 354 Index......Page 356 About the Author......Page 384 Provides a look at the studies, innovations, key figures, and controversy in the world of science during the eigteenth-century, discussing astronomy, chemistry, botany, and medicine.