Scholars in the Changing American Academy: New Contexts, New Rules and New Roles (The Changing Academy – The Changing Academic Profession in International Comparative Perspective Book 4)

As the nature of education generally, and higher education in particular, changes irrevocably, it is crucial to understand the informed opinions of those closest to the institutions of learning. This book, based on a survey of academics in 19 nations and conducted by leading global scholars, is a thorough sounding of the attitudes of academics to their working environment. As the post-WWII liberal consensus crumbles, higher education is increasingly viewed as a private and personal investment in individual social mobility rather than as a public good and, __ipso facto__, a responsibility of public authorities. The incursion of corporate culture into academe, with its ‘stakeholders’, ‘performance pay’ and obsession with ‘competitiveness’ is a matter of bitter debate, with some arguing that short-termism is obviating epoch-making research which by definition requires patience and persistence in the face of the risk of failure. This book highlights these and many other key issues facing the academic profession in the US and around the world at the beginning of the 21st century and examines the issues from the perspective of those who are at the front line of change. This group has numerous concerns, not least in the US, where government priorities are shifting with growing budget pressures to core activities such as basic education, health and welfare. Drawing too on comparable surveys conducted in 1992, the book charts the actual contours of change as reflected in the opinions of academics. Critically, the volume explicitly compares and contrasts the situation of American academics with that of academics in other advanced and developing economies. Such an assessment is critical both for Americans to chart the future of their indigenous tertiary enterprise, but also for shaping the response of the nations around the world who contemplate applying the American model to their own national systems. "As the nature of education generally, and higher education in particular, changes irrevocably, it is crucial to understand the informed opinions of those closest to the institutions of learning. This book, based on a survey of academics in 19 nations and conducted by leading global scholars, is a thorough sounding of the attitudes of academics to their working environment. As the post-WWII liberal consensus crumbles, higher education is increasingly viewed as a private and personal investment in individual social mobility rather than as a public good and, ipso facto, a responsibility of public authorities. The incursion of corporate culture into academe, with its 'stakeholders', 'performance pay' and obsession with 'competitiveness' is a matter of bitter debate, with some arguing that short-termism is obviating epoch-making research which by definition requires patience and persistence in the face of the risk of failure. This book highlights these and many other key issues facing the academic profession in the US and around the world at the beginning of the 21st century and examines the issues from the perspective of those who are at the front line of change. This group has numerous concerns, not least in the U.S., where government priorities are shifting with growing budget pressures to core activities such as basic education, health and welfare. Drawing too on comparable surveys conducted in 1992, the book charts the actual contours of change as reflected in the opinions of academics. Critically, the volume explicitly compares and contrasts the situation of American academics with that of academics in other advanced and developing economies. Such an assessment is critical both for Americans to chart the future of their indigenous tertiary enterprise, but also for shaping the response of the nations around the world who contemplate applying the American model to their own national systems"--Publisher's website Front Matter....Pages i-xxvii The Changing Academic Profession in the USA....Pages 1-14 Concepts and Methods....Pages 15-25 The Balance Between Teaching and Research in the Work Life of American Academics....Pages 27-50 Comparing the Research Productivity of US Academics....Pages 51-62 The “Glass Ceiling” Effect: Does It Characterize the Contemporary US Academy?....Pages 63-78 The Internationalization of the US Academy: A Disciplinary Perspective....Pages 79-91 Internationalization of Work Content and Professional Networks....Pages 93-109 Historical and Comparative Perspectives on the Faculty Role in Governance....Pages 111-129 Declining Institutional Loyalty....Pages 131-140 Conclusion: New Rules and Roles....Pages 141-151 Appendices....Pages 153-268 Back Matter....Pages 269-274 In recent decades, government priorities have shifted away from fiscal support of higher education. This book, drawing on 1992 and 2007 surveys of academics, portrays the reactions of academics here as well as in Europe to these new policies and practices. By William K. Cummings, Martin J. Finkelstein.