Rule Breakers Fall Hardest (The Boys Book 6)

Offering unrivalled coverage of classical theories, contemporary approaches, and current issues, together with an exceptionally clear writing style, Introduction to International Relations provides a uniquely accessible and engaging introduction to the subject. With an emphasis on theoretical approaches and their application to the real world, the authors encourage critical engagement with the theories presented, highlighting their strengths, weaknesses, and the major points of contention. The eighth edition has been thoroughly updated to incorporate current events and key developments in the discipline. The changes include a new, three-part structure, which helps students to build a clear understanding of how key debates in the discipline are connected with each other, and how these can be applied to the world around them. The first part, 'Studying IR', emphasises the practical reality of international relations in everyday life, and how to connect this reality with the academic study of the subject. The second part, 'Major IR Theories and Approaches', guides the reader through the essential theories in the field, including Realism, Liberalism, Social Constructivism, Postcolonialism, and Feminism, among others. Finally, the third part, 'Theory Meets the Real World: Policy and Issues', builds on this foundation by exploring how we can understand current issues such as climate change and terrorism through the lens of IR theory. A new final chapter, 'The Big Question: World Order or World Chaos?', concludes the text by tracing the development of, and theoretical debates around, the concept of 'world order', providing students with a nuanced and compelling analysis of the key challenges confronting the contemporary world. Opening with an overview of the concept, the authors go on to examine the consequences of the rise of China and the resurgence of Russian influence, the new issues facing established democracies and parts of the Global South, as well as international institutions and their ability to provide global governance. The chapter ends with a discussion that answers the question posed at the start: are we witnessing world order or world chaos? Digital formats and resources In addition to helpful learning features within the book, the text is accompanied by online resources designed to help students to take their learning further. These include: For students: - Reinforce your understanding of each chapter's key themes with short case studies - Test your understanding and revise for exams with review questions - Explore different theoretical debates through a series of annotated web links to reliable content - Test your knowledge of key terminology using the flashcard glossary - Extend your learning with videos exploring key issues in IR For registered lecturers: - Encourage debate and critical thinking in class with seminar resources - Download figures from the text for use in your own teaching materials Cover 1 Introduction to International Relations: Theories and Approaches 4 Copyright 5 Dedication 6 Acknowledgements 8 New to this Edition 10 Detailed Contents 14 About This Book 20 How to Use this Book 23 How to Use the Online Resources 25 Political Map of the World 27 Part 1: Studying IR 30 Chapter 1: Why Study IR? 32 1.1 International Relations in Everyday Life 33 1.2 Brief Historical Sketch of the Modern State System 40 1.3 Globalization and the State System 49 1.4 IR and the Changing Contemporary World of States 51 1.5 Conclusion 58 Key points 59 Questions 60 Guide to further reading 60 Chapter 2: IR as an Academic Subject 62 2.1 Introduction 63 2.2 Utopian Liberalism: The Early Study of IR 64 2.3 Realism and the Twenty Years’ Crisis 69 2.4 The Voice of Behaviouralism in IR 72 2.5 Neoliberalism: Institutions and Interdependence 75 2.6 Neorealism: Bipolarity and Confrontation 77 2.7 International Society: The English School 79 2.8 International Political Economy (IPE) 83 2.9 Dissident Voices: Alternative Approaches to IR 85 2.10 Criteria for Good Theory 88 2.11 Conclusion 91 Key points 91 Questions 92 Guide to further reading 93 Part 2: Major IR Theories and Approaches 94 Chapter 3: Realism 96 3.1 Introduction: Elements of Realism 97 3.2 Classical Realism 99 3.2.1 Thucydides 99 3.2.2 Machiavelli 101 3.2.3 Hobbes and the Security Dilemma 103 3.2.4 Morgenthau and Classical Realism 105 3.3 Schelling and Strategic Realism 108 3.4 Waltz and Neorealism 111 3.5 Mearsheimer, Stability Theory, and Hegemony 117 3.6 Neoclassical Realism 122 3.7 Rethinking the Balance of Power 124 3.8 Research Prospects and Programme 125 3.9 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 127 Key points 129 Questions 130 Guide to further reading 131 Chapter 4: Liberalism 132 4.1 Introduction: Basic Liberal Assumptions 133 4.2 Sociological Liberalism 135 4.3 Interdependence Liberalism 138 4.4 Institutional Liberalism 143 4.5 Republican Liberalism 147 4.6 Neorealist Critiques of Liberalism 153 4.6.1 The Retreat to Weak Liberalism 155 4.6.2 The Counter-attack of Strong Liberalism 157 4.7 Realist Resurgence? 161 4.8 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 162 Key points 163 Questions 164 Guide to further reading 164 Chapter 5: International Society 166 5.1 Basic International Society Approach 167 5.2 The Three Traditions 173 5.3 Order and Justice 174 5.4 World Society 178 5.5 Statecraft and Responsibility 180 5.5.1 National Responsibility 180 5.5.2 International Responsibility 181 5.5.3 Humanitarian Responsibility 181 5.6 Humanitarian Responsibility and War 183 5.7 History and the International Society Approach 185 5.8 Critiques of International Society 188 5.9 Research Agenda after the Cold War 193 5.10 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 194 Key points 195 Questions 196 Guide to further reading 197 Chapter 6: International Political Economy: Marxism, Mercantilism, Liberalism 199 6.1 Introduction: What Is IPE? 200 6.2 Mercantilism 203 6.3 Economic Liberalism 206 6.4 Marxism 209 6.5 Conclusion 217 Key points 218 Questions 218 Guide to further reading 219 Chapter 7: Social Constructivism 220 7.1 Introduction 221 7.2 The Rise of Constructivism in IR 222 7.3 Constructivism as Social Theory 224 7.4 Constructivist Theories of International Relations 230 7.4.1 Cultures of Anarchy 231 7.4.2 Norms of International Society 232 7.4.3 The Power of International Organizations 234 7.4.4 A Constructivist Approach to European Cooperation 236 7.4.5 Domestic Formation of Identity and Norms 237 7.4.6 Constructivist IPE 239 7.5 Critiques of Constructivism 240 7.6 The Internal Debates among Constructivists 243 7.7 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 245 Key points 246 Questions 247 Guide to further reading 247 Chapter 8: Post-positivist Approaches: Post-structuralism, Postcolonialism, Feminism 249 8.1 Introduction 250 8.2 Post-structuralism in IR 253 8.3 Postcolonialism in IR 259 8.4 Feminism in IR 264 8.5 Critique of Post-positivist Approaches 269 8.6 The Post-positivist Research Programme 271 8.7 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 272 Key points 273 Questions 274 Guide to further reading 274 Part 3: Theory Meets the Real World: Policy and Issues 276 Chapter 9: Foreign Policy 278 9.1 The Concept of Foreign Policy 279 9.2 Foreign Policy Analysis 280 9.3 How to Study Foreign Policy: A Level-of-Analysis Approach 284 9.3.1 The Systemic Level 284 9.3.2 The Level of the Nation-state 288 9.3.3 The Level of the Individual Decision Maker 293 9.4 Going to War in the Persian Gulf: A Case-study 295 9.5 A Note on Donald Trump and US Foreign Policy 299 9.6 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 300 Key points 301 Questions 302 Guide to further reading 303 Chapter 10: Major Issues in IPE: Economic versus Political Power, Development, Globalization, How to Study the Real World 304 10.1 Four Major Issues in IPE 305 10.2 Power and the Relationship between Politicsand Economics 307 10.3 Development and Underdevelopment in the Developing World 314 10.4 What Is Economic Globalization and Who Benefits? 322 10.5 IPE: How to Study the Real World? 328 10.6 Integrating International and Domestic Factors 332 10.7 Conclusion 334 Key points 335 Questions 335 Guide to further reading 336 Chapter 11: Major Issues in IR: Climate Change, Terrorism, Religion, Power and Hegemony 338 11.1 Introduction 339 11.2 Climate Change 339 11.2.1 What Does Climate Science Say? 341 11.2.2 International Cooperation on Climate Change 346 11.2.3 What Does International Relations Theory Say? 347 11.3 International Terrorism 354 11.3.1 Terrorism: Past and Present 354 11.3.2 International Terrorism and IR 358 11.4 Religion in IR: A Clash of Civilizations? 360 11.4.1 Huntington and the Clash of Civilizations 361 11.4.2 IR Theory and Religion 363 11.5 Balance and Hegemony in World History 366 11.5.1 Mapping State Systems 367 11.5.2 Strong and Weak Balance of Power Theories 371 11.5.3 Why Europe? 373 11.5.4 Implications for the Current State System 374 11.6 Conclusion 375 Key points 376 Questions 377 Guide to further reading 377 Chapter 12: The Big Question:World Order or World Chaos? 379 12.1 Introduction 380 12.2 The Concept of World Order 383 12.3 New Contenders: The Rise of China and the Challenge from Russia 385 12.4 New Challenges in Old Democracies 389 12.5 Fragile States in the Global South 391 12.6 International Institutions: Governance or Gridlock? 394 12.7 Room for Optimism after All? The Interwar Analogy and the Problem of the Half-filled Glass 396 12.8 Conclusion 399 Key points 402 Questions 403 Guide to further reading 403 Glossary 406 Bibliography 416 Subject Index 452 A truly accessible introduction to international relations, which demystifies the key theories, debates, and issues. Includes up-to-date examples to help students link theory to real-world developments. Encourages students to think critically by presenting the strengths and weaknesses of different theories and highlighting points of contention between them Introduction To International Relations Provides Students With A Complete Understanding Of Theory And How It Applies To The Real World. With Comprehensive Coverage Of All Major Classical And Contemporary Theories And Approaches, The Text Focuses On The Connections Between Theory And Current Issues In International Relations.