Российские евреи между красными и белыми (1917-1920): Russian jews between the reds and the whites (1917-1920)

During the Civil War in Russia (1918-20), in the pogroms perpetrated by the White Armies, the Petlyurists, the anarchists (and the Red Army as well), 50,000-200,000 Jews were killed according to various estimates. Focuses on the relationship of Russian Jews with the White Movement and with the Reds, and on the pogroms. In those years, the majority of the Russian population shared a rabid antisemitism, The White leadership (like the Ukrainian Directory) and the ostensibly "internationalist" Bolsheviks could not halt it, and sometimes the Whites especially tried to exploit these sentiments as a propagandist tool. Argues that pogrom moods in revolutionary Russia cannot be explained by real or imaginary sins of Jews, e.g. their communist sympathies; they were a legacy of 1914-15, when the retreating Russian Army invented the myth of "Jewish treason" and thus launched a wave of anti-Jewish violence in the army and in the rear. Argues that discrimination against Jews in the White armies, as well as anti-Jewish propaganda and toleration of pogroms, affected the course of the Civil War. The White armies became increasingly demoralized and the West, on whose support the White movement depended, became disappointed with the character of the movement. (From the Bibliography of the Vidal Sassoon International Center for the Study of Antisemitism) O. V. Budnit͡skiĭ. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 503-[521]) And Indexes. Summary And Table Of Contents Also In English.