Rome and Judaea: International Law Relations, 162-100 BCE (Routledge Studies in Ancient History)

"Rome and Judaea explores the nature of Judaea's first diplomatic mission to Rome during the Maccabean revolt: did it result in a sanctioned treaty or was it founded instead on amity? This book breaks new ground in this debate by bringing to light the "Roman-Jewish Friendship tablet," a newly discovered piece of evidence that challenges the theory Rome ratified an official treaty with Judaea. Incorporating interdisciplinary research and this new textual evidence, the book argues that Roman-Jewish relations during the Maccabean revolt were motivated by the Roman concept of diplomatic friendship, or amicitia."--Provided by publisher. Read more... Rome and Judaea -- Routledge Studies in Ancient History -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- List of figures -- List of Tables -- List of Maps -- Introduction -- Notes -- 1 New Evidence: The Roman-Jewish Friendship Tablet -- The Controversy Over friendship for the Jews -- The New Evidence -- The Importance of Judas Maccabaeus in the Middle Ages -- The Site of the Church of San Basilio -- The Significance of Bronze Tablets for the Romans -- Modern Excavations -- Considerations for the Authenticity of the Bronze Tablet -- Notes -- 2 The Timing of the Embassy -- Notes -- 3 Early Roman Ties of International Friendship with Hellenistic Powers -- Roman Contact with Alexander the Great -- Roman Amicitia with Alexander the Molossian (Alexander I of Epirus) -- Amicitia Between Rome and Ptolemy II in 273 BCE -- Early Ties of Amicitia with the Seleucid Empire -- Apollonia -- Notes -- 4 Roman International Friendship -- The Reality of Völkerrecht (Roman International Law): Not Just a Label -- The Jewish Concept of friendship -- The Meaning of Friendship in Greek Diplomacy -- Terminology of Roman international Amicitia -- The Formation of Amicitia -- The Formation of Amicitia Through Appellatio -- The Formula Amicorum -- Bronze Tablet of Friendship -- Gifts of Golden Crowns and Golden Shields -- Conditions for the Formation of Amicitia -- Obligations of the Amicus -- Rome's Obligations to her Amici -- Renewal of Amicitia -- The Renunciation of International Friendship (Amicitiam Renuntiare) -- Notes -- 5 The Treaty Hypothesis Revisited -- The Roman State Treaty: The Foedus -- Foedus Aequum -- The Underpinnings of the Treaty Hypothesis -- A Comparison of the Text in 1 Macc. 8.23-32 with Extant Roman Treaties -- Does 1 Macc. 8.23-32 Represent a Genuine Senatorial Decree? -- The Multiple Translation Hypothesis -- Jewish Treaty Formation Lack of Consequences of a Treaty -- Notes -- 6 The Outcome of the Embassy in 162 BCE -- The Jewish Witness to Amicitia Before 162 BCE -- What did Judas Hope to Achieve by this Embassy? -- Amicitia for the Jews in 161 BCE From Graeco-Roman Sources -- Mendelssohn's Identification of Roman Amicitia for Judaea in 162 BCE -- Modern Arguments for Amicitia -- A Problem of prior Stages -- Relations with Independent Communities -- The Stages After a Declaration of Libertas -- The Historical Circumstances -- Declaration of Libertas Prior to Amicitia -- A Declaration of Libertas -- Indications of a Declaration of libertas for the Jews -- Declaration of Amicitia -- Amicitia for the Jews -- Enrolment in the Formula Amicorum -- Amicitia in Later Embassies to the Romans -- Bronze Tablet of Friendship in 162 BCE -- The Order of the Diplomatic Arrangements in 1 Macc. 8.20-32 -- The Differing Understandings of the Romans and the Jews of Diplomatic Terminology -- Advantages to Rome of Amicitia Over a Foedus -- Conclusions -- Notes -- 7 Epilogue: From 160 to 100 BCE -- Revival of Diplomatic Relations -- Breaking the Ties -- Conclusion -- Notes -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index Rome And Judaea Explores The Nature Of Judaea S First Diplomatic Mission To Rome During The Maccabean Revolt: Did It Result In A Sanctioned Treaty Or Was It Founded Instead On Amity? This Book Breaks New Ground In This Debate By Bringing To Light The Roman-jewish Friendship Tablet, A Newly Discovered Piece Of Evidence That Challenges The Theory Rome Ratified An Official Treaty With Judaea. Incorporating Interdisciplinary Research And This New Textual Evidence, The Book Argues That Roman-jewish Relations During The Maccabean Revolt Were Motivated By The Roman Concept Of Diplomatic Friendship, Or Amicitia. 1. New evidence : the Roman-Jewish friendship tablet -- 2. The timing of the embassy -- 3. Early Roman ties of international friendship with Hellenistic powers -- 4. Roman international friendship -- 5. The treaty hypothesis revisited -- 6. The outcome of the embassy in 162 BCE -- 7. Epilogue : from 160 to 100 BCE.