Romance Linguistics: Theoretical Perspectives. Selected papers from the 27th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL XXVII), Irvine, 2022 February, 1997 (Current Issues in Linguistic Theory)

This Volume Contains Selected Papers From The 27th International Symposium On Romance Lanuages (lsrl Xxvii), Held In Irvine In February 1997. Focusing On Theoretical Perspectives, It Covers Expletive Auxilliaries, Negation And Independent Morphological Development, And Enclitic -n In Spanish. On Null Objects In Old French / Deborah Arteaga -- Spanish Codas And Overapplication / Eric Bakovic -- Verb Movement And Its Effects On Determinerless Plural Subjects / Elena E. Benedicto -- Expletive Auxiliaries / Gerhard Brugger -- On The Structure Of Declarative Clauses / Ricardo Echepare -- N/a Of A N Dp's: Predicate Raising And Subject Licensing / Manuel Espanol-echevarria -- Thetic And Categorical, Attributive And Referential: Towards An Explanation Of Definiteness Effects / Thierry Etchegoyhen And George Tsoulas -- Negation And Independent Morphological Development / John Grinstead -- Enclitic -n In Spanish / James Harris -- Je Veux Que Parte Paul: A Neglected Construction / Brigitte Kampers-manhe -- Mood Phrase, Case Checking And Obviation / Paula Kempchinsky -- Syllable Structure And Sonority Sequencing: Evidence From Emilian / Michele Loporcaro -- Condition On Feature Specification And Negative Lexicalization In Spanish / Enrique Mallen -- Vestigial Trochees In Oil Dialects / Jean-pierre Montreuil -- Definite / Zero Alternations In Portuguese: Towards A Unification Of Topic Constructions / Eduardo Raposo -- On Object-clitic Placement In Italian Child Language / Jeannette Schaeffer -- On Borrowing As A Mechanism Of Syntactic Change / Carmen Silva-corvalan -- Subject Positions And The Roles Of Cp / Luis Silva-villar -- Licensing Dp-internal Predication / Petra Sleeman And Els Verheugd -- From Being To Having: Questions About Ontology From A Kayne / Szabolcsi Syntax / Juan Uriagereka -- Pragmatic Transfer From Less Developed To More Developed Systems: Spanish Deictic Terms In Barcelona / Robert E. Vann -- Object Shift In Old French / Laurie Zaring. Edited By Armin Schwegler, Bernard Tranel And Myriam Uribe-etxebarria. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. ROMANCE LINGUISTICS THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES 2 Editorial page 3 Title page 4 Copyright page 5 PREFACE 6 Table of contents 8 ON NULL OBJECTS IN OLD FRENCH 10 0. Introduction 10 1. Null objects in Old French 10 1.1 Null objects in left-dislocation structures 11 1.2 Null objects in coordination structures 11 1.3 Ecrasement structures 12 2. On the nature of null objects 13 3. On the nature of null objects in Old French 14 4. A Minimalist analysis of object pro in Old French 16 5. Conclusion 18 REFERENCES 19 SPANISH CODAS AND OVERAPPLICATION 22 0. Introduction 22 1. Nasal Depalatalization 23 1.1 Normal application 23 1.2 Overapplication 23 1.3 Transderivational Correspondence Theory (TCT) 24 2. Aspiration 27 2.1 Complementary distribution 27 3. Summary and conclusion 29 REFERENCES 31 VERB MOVEMENT AND ITS EFFECTS ON DETERMINERLESS PLURAL SUBJECTS 34 0. Introduction 34 1. Plural DS: The basic facts 34 1.1 English 35 1.2 Spanish 36 1.3 The problem 37 2. Theoretical background and assumptions 38 2.1 Clausal architecture: V-movement and postverbal subjects 38 2.2 DS's internal structure 39 2.3 Sentential operators: generic and existential 41 3. The "Existential-with-the-Event" hypothesis ( -with-e) 42 3.1 Verb movement and its interaction with Gen and 3 42 3.2 Confirmation: The case of Hebrew. 45 4. Summary and conclusions 47 REFERENCES 48 EXPLETIVE AUXILIARIES 50 0. Introduction 50 1. Form and meaning 52 2. Current relevance 52 3. The 24-hour rule 55 4. Requirement of an existing topic 56 5. Event Time modification 57 6. Agreement 59 REFERENCES 60 ON THE STRUCTURE OF DECLARATIVE CLAUSES 62 0. The Fregean view of declaratives and speaker-oriented adverbs 62 1. Speaker-oriented adverbs and Spanish la verdad constructions 67 2. The structure of la verdad constructions 68 3. The domain of assertion 73 REFERENCES 74 N/A OF A N DP'S PREDICATE RAISING AND SUBJECT LICENSING 76 0. Introduction 76 1. N/A of a N contexts in Spanish 77 1.1 The Definite/Indefinite Contrast 78 1.2 Demonstratives 78 2. Agreement patterns in N/A of a N DP's 79 3. The structure of N/A of a N DP's 80 3.1 N/A of a N DP's and relative clauses 81 4. Agreement patterns in N/A of a N DP's and copular sentences 83 4.1 Identificational predicates and complex predicates of kind-membership 84 4.2 On the structure of complex predicates of kind-membership 84 5. An approach to definiteness agreement 86 5.1 Licensing of Proper Names in N/A of a N Contexts 86 6. Subject Licensing in N/A of a N DP's 87 7. Conclusion 88 REFERENCES 89 THETIC AND CATEGORICAL, ATTRIBUTIVE AND REFERENTIAL TOWARDS AN EXPLANATION OF DEFINITENESS EFFECTS 90 0. Introduction 90 1. The data and previous analyses 91 2. Explaining the violations of the DE 93 2.1 Extraposition 93 2.2 Some background on theticity 95 2.3 Attributive vs. referential definite descriptions 96 2.3.1 Incomplete attributive descriptions 96 3. Reassessing the problem 98 4. The emergence of attributive readings 99 4.1 Quantification and attributive definite descriptions 99 5. Attributives and substitutional quantification 101 6. Conclusions 102 REFERENCES 103 NEGATION AND INDEPENDENT MORPHOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT 106 0. Introduction 106 1. Negation in child Catalan 107 2. Strictly syntactic accounts 108 3. Independent morphological accounts 111 4. Discussion 116 REFERENCES 117 ENCLITIC -n IN SPANISH 120 0. Introduction 120 1. Groundwork 122 1.1 Verbs and clitics; cliticization 124 1.2 Internal morphology of verb forms 124 1.3 Internal morphology of clitics 126 2. Analysis; iteration and intrusion 128 2.1 Basic mechanisms 128 2.2 Consequences and predictions 129 2.2.1 Negative imperatives 129 2.2.2 A hierarchy of clitics 130 2.2.3 Infinitives and gerunds 132 2.2.4 Clitic clusters 133 3. Wrap-up 134 REFERENCES 135 JE VEUX QUE PARTE PAUL A NEGLECTED CONSTRUCTION 138 0. Introduction 138 1. Postverbal subject in subjunctive clauses: the facts 139 1.1 The category of the verb 139 1.2 Restrictions on the subjunctive clause 140 1.3 Other restrictions 141 2. Formal analysis 143 2.1 The position of the subject 143 2.2 Silent expletive pro 143 3. An account of the formal constraints 146 3.1 The role of focus 146 3.2 The role of the subjunctive 148 4. Conclusion 148 REFERENCES 149 MOOD PHRASE, CASE CHECKING AND OBVIATION 152 0. Introduction 152 1. The subjunctive operator and the nature of Comp 153 2. Mood Phrase and complementizer deletion 157 3. Case checking, binding, and tense 158 REFERENCES 162 SYLLABLE STRUCTURE AND SONORITY SEQUENCING EVIDENCE FROM EMILIAN 164 0. Sonority 164 1. The problem: syllable structure and the SSG in Emilian 165 2. A litmus test for syllable structure 166 3. Empirical evidence 167 3.1 Fast-speech resyllabification in French 167 3.2 Empirical evidence for onset structure in southern Emilian 169 4. Conclusion 174 REFERENCES 177 CONDITION ON FEATURE SPECIFICATION AND NEGATIVE LEXICALIZATION IN SPANISH 180 0. Negative elements as Negative Polarity Items (NPI) 180 1. Mutual licensing of NPI and negator 182 2. Condition on feature specification 184 REFERENCES 190 VESTIGIAL TROCHEES IN OIL DIALECTS 192 0. Introduction 192 1. Norman assibilation 194 2. Lorrain affrication and palatalization 200 3. Conclusion 203 REFERENCES 203 DEFINITE / ZERO ALTERNATIONS IN PORTUGUESE TOWARDS A UNIFICATION OF TOPIC CONSTRUCTIONS 206 0. Introduction 206 1. Other Definite / Zero pronominal alternations in Portuguese 208 1.1 Null Objects 208 1.2 Anaphora in Coordination Structures 208 1.3 Answers to yes-no questions 209 2. Bare complements to verbs of affective attitude 211 3. A null definite determiner in Portuguese 213 4. Pronouns as determiners 217 5. Conclusion 219 REFERENCES 220 ON OBJECT-CLITIC PLACEMENT IN ITALIAN CHILD LANGUAGE 222 0. Introduction 222 1. Object clitics in adult Italian 222 2. Predictions regarding Italian child language 225 3. Methods 227 4. Results and discussion 228 5. Conclusion 232 REFERENCES 233 ON BORROWING AS A MECHANISM OF SYNTACTIC CHANGE 234 0. Introduction 234 1. The Los Angeles study 238 1.1 Expressed and null subjects and placement of expressed subjects 238 1.2 Null complementizer/relative pronoun que 'that' 239 1.3 Lexico-syntactic calques 240 2. Beyond Los Angeles 244 3. Discussion and conclusion 249 REFERENCES 252 SUBJECT POSITIONS AND THE ROLES OF CP 256 0. Introduction 256 1. Expletives in pro-drop languages 257 2. The nature of the problem 259 3. Expletive constructions: introduction 260 3.1 Apparent Single Expletive (Subject) Constructions (SEC) 260 3.2 Examples of SEC 261 3.3 Properties of SEC 263 3.4 Multiple Expletive Constructions 265 3.4.1 The Multiple Subject Construction 265 3.4.2. The Interrogative Expletive Construction (IEC) 268 3.5 The complementizer expletive construction 270 4. Conclusion 276 REFERENCES 276 LICENSING DP-INTERNAL PREDICATION 280 0. Introduction 280 1. French 280 2. Problems 281 3. Alternative 282 4. DP-internal predicates 283 5. Reduced relatives 283 5.1 Full relatives and à + INFINITIVE 284 5.2 Present and past participles 284 5.3 Adjectives ending in-ble 285 5.4 Transitive adjectives 286 5.5 Prepositional phrases 287 5.6 Simple adjectives 287 6. Copula constructions 289 7. Theoretical consequences 289 8. Conclusion 290 REFERENCES 290 FROM BEING TO HAVING QUESTIONS ABOUT ONTOLOGY FROM A KAYNE/ SZABOLCSI SYNTAX 292 0. Possession in cognition 292 1. Every term can be relational 297 2. The syntax of possession 301 3. Paradigmatic gaps 306 4. Towards a semantics for possession 310 5. A word on standard possession 313 6. Conclusion 314 REFERENCES 315 PRAGMATIC TRANSFER FROM LESS DEVELOPED TO MORE DEVELOPED SYSTEMS SPANISH DEICTIC TERMS IN BARCELONA 316 0. Introduction 316 1. Methodology and the quantitative analysis 318 2. Implications: Theoretical issues in language contact 319 3. Pragmatic permeability and transfer 320 3.1 Pragmatic permeability 320 3.2 Transfer involving motion verbs, demonstratives, and locatives in Catalan Spanish 322 4. Summation 323 5. Case in point 323 5.1 Rhematization in Catalan 323 5.2 Rhematization in Spanish 324 5.3 Rhematization in Catalan Spanish 325 REFERENCES 325 OBJECT SHIFT IN OLD FRENCH 328 0. Introduction 328 1. The properties of direct object ce 328 2. Object Shift 331 2.1 Object Shift in the Germanic languages 331 2.2 Short and long shift in Old and Middle French 332 3. Accounting for Object Shift in Old and Middle French 334 3.1 Short shift with infinitival verbs 335 3.2 Short shift with periphrastic verbs 336 3.3 Long Object Shift 337 4. Conclusion 339 REFERENCES 340 AUTHOR INDEX 342 LANGUAGE INDEX 346 SUBJECT INDEX 349 ROMANCE LINGUISTICS THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES ......Page 2 Editorial page......Page 3 Title page......Page 4 Copyright page......Page 5 PREFACE......Page 6 Table of contents......Page 8 1. Null objects in Old French......Page 10 1.2 Null objects in coordination structures......Page 11 1.3 Ecrasement structures......Page 12 2. On the nature of null objects ......Page 13 3. On the nature of null objects in Old French......Page 14 4. A Minimalist analysis of object pro in Old French ......Page 16 5. Conclusion......Page 18 REFERENCES......Page 19 0. Introduction......Page 22 1.2 Overapplication......Page 23 1.3 Transderivational Correspondence Theory (TCT) ......Page 24 2.1 Complementary distribution......Page 27 3. Summary and conclusion......Page 29 REFERENCES......Page 31 1. Plural DS: The basic facts......Page 34 1.1 English......Page 35 1.2 Spanish......Page 36 1.3 The problem......Page 37 2.1 Clausal architecture: V-movement and postverbal subjects ......Page 38 2.2 DS's internal structure ......Page 39 2.3 Sentential operators: generic and existential ......Page 41 3.1 Verb movement and its interaction with Gen and 3 ......Page 42 3.2 Confirmation: The case of Hebrew. ......Page 45 4. Summary and conclusions ......Page 47 REFERENCES......Page 48 0. Introduction......Page 50 2. Current relevance......Page 52 3. The 24-hour rule......Page 55 4. Requirement of an existing topic......Page 56 5. Event Time modification......Page 57 6. Agreement......Page 59 REFERENCES......Page 60 0. The Fregean view of declaratives and speaker-oriented adverbs ......Page 62 1. Speaker-oriented adverbs and Spanish la verdad constructions ......Page 67 2. The structure of la verdad constructions......Page 68 3. The domain of assertion......Page 73 REFERENCES......Page 74 0. Introduction......Page 76 1. N/A of a N contexts in Spanish......Page 77 1.2 Demonstratives......Page 78 2. Agreement patterns in N/A of a N DP's ......Page 79 3. The structure of N/A of a N DP's......Page 80 3.1 N/A of a N DP's and relative clauses......Page 81 4. Agreement patterns in N/A of a N DP's and copular sentences ......Page 83 4.2 On the structure of complex predicates of kind-membership ......Page 84 5.1 Licensing of Proper Names in N/A of a N Contexts......Page 86 6. Subject Licensing in N/A of a N DP's......Page 87 7. Conclusion......Page 88 REFERENCES......Page 89 0. Introduction......Page 90 1. The data and previous analyses......Page 91 2.1 Extraposition......Page 93 2.2 Some background on theticity......Page 95 2.3.1 Incomplete attributive descriptions ......Page 96 3. Reassessing the problem......Page 98 4.1 Quantification and attributive definite descriptions......Page 99 5. Attributives and substitutional quantification......Page 101 6. Conclusions......Page 102 REFERENCES......Page 103 0. Introduction......Page 106 1. Negation in child Catalan......Page 107 2. Strictly syntactic accounts......Page 108 3. Independent morphological accounts......Page 111 4. Discussion......Page 116 REFERENCES......Page 117 0. Introduction......Page 120 1. Groundwork......Page 122 1.2 Internal morphology of verb forms......Page 124 1.3 Internal morphology of clitics......Page 126 2.1 Basic mechanisms......Page 128 2.2.1 Negative imperatives......Page 129 2.2.2 A hierarchy of clitics......Page 130 2.2.3 Infinitives and gerunds......Page 132 2.2.4 Clitic clusters......Page 133 3. Wrap-up......Page 134 REFERENCES......Page 135 0. Introduction......Page 138 1.1 The category of the verb......Page 139 1.2 Restrictions on the subjunctive clause......Page 140 1.3 Other restrictions......Page 141 2.2 Silent expletive pro......Page 143 3.1 The role of focus ......Page 146 4. Conclusion......Page 148 REFERENCES......Page 149 0. Introduction......Page 152 1. The subjunctive operator and the nature of Comp ......Page 153 2. Mood Phrase and complementizer deletion......Page 157 3. Case checking, binding, and tense......Page 158 REFERENCES......Page 162 0. Sonority......Page 164 1. The problem: syllable structure and the SSG in Emilian ......Page 165 2. A litmus test for syllable structure......Page 166 3.1 Fast-speech resyllabification in French ......Page 167 3.2 Empirical evidence for onset structure in southern Emilian ......Page 169 4. Conclusion......Page 174 REFERENCES......Page 177 0. Negative elements as Negative Polarity Items (NPI) ......Page 180 1. Mutual licensing of NPI and negator......Page 182 2. Condition on feature specification......Page 184 REFERENCES......Page 190 0. Introduction......Page 192 1. Norman assibilation......Page 194 2. Lorrain affrication and palatalization......Page 200 REFERENCES......Page 203 0. Introduction......Page 206 1.2 Anaphora in Coordination Structures......Page 208 1.3 Answers to yes-no questions......Page 209 2. Bare complements to verbs of affective attitude ......Page 211 3. A null definite determiner in Portuguese ......Page 213 4. Pronouns as determiners......Page 217 5. Conclusion......Page 219 REFERENCES......Page 220 1. Object clitics in adult Italian......Page 222 2. Predictions regarding Italian child language......Page 225 3. Methods......Page 227 4. Results and discussion......Page 228 5. Conclusion......Page 232 REFERENCES......Page 233 0. Introduction......Page 234 1.1 Expressed and null subjects and placement of expressed subjects ......Page 238 1.2 Null complementizer/relative pronoun que 'that' ......Page 239 1.3 Lexico-syntactic calques ......Page 240 2. Beyond Los Angeles......Page 244 3. Discussion and conclusion......Page 249 REFERENCES......Page 252 0. Introduction......Page 256 1. Expletives in pro-drop languages......Page 257 2. The nature of the problem......Page 259 3.1 Apparent Single Expletive (Subject) Constructions (SEC)......Page 260 3.2 Examples of SEC......Page 261 3.3 Properties of SEC......Page 263 3.4.1 The Multiple Subject Construction......Page 265 3.4.2. The Interrogative Expletive Construction (IEC)......Page 268 3.5 The complementizer expletive construction......Page 270 REFERENCES......Page 276 1. French......Page 280 2. Problems......Page 281 3. Alternative......Page 282 5. Reduced relatives......Page 283 5.2 Present and past participles......Page 284 5.3 Adjectives ending in-ble......Page 285 5.4 Transitive adjectives......Page 286 5.6 Simple adjectives......Page 287 7. Theoretical consequences......Page 289 REFERENCES......Page 290 0. Possession in cognition......Page 292 1. Every term can be relational......Page 297 2. The syntax of possession......Page 301 3. Paradigmatic gaps......Page 306 4. Towards a semantics for possession......Page 310 5. A word on standard possession......Page 313 6. Conclusion......Page 314 REFERENCES......Page 315 0. Introduction......Page 316 1. Methodology and the quantitative analysis......Page 318 2. Implications: Theoretical issues in language contact......Page 319 3.1 Pragmatic permeability......Page 320 3.2 Transfer involving motion verbs, demonstratives, and locatives in Catalan Spanish ......Page 322 5.1 Rhematization in Catalan......Page 323 5.2 Rhematization in Spanish......Page 324 REFERENCES......Page 325 1. The properties of direct object ce......Page 328 2.1 Object Shift in the Germanic languages......Page 331 2.2 Short and long shift in Old and Middle French ......Page 332 3. Accounting for Object Shift in Old and Middle French ......Page 334 3.1 Short shift with infinitival verbs......Page 335 3.2 Short shift with periphrastic verbs......Page 336 3.3 Long Object Shift......Page 337 4. Conclusion......Page 339 REFERENCES......Page 340 AUTHOR INDEX......Page 342 LANGUAGE INDEX......Page 346 SUBJECT INDEX......Page 349 This volume contains selected papers from the 27th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL-27), which was held at the University of California, Irvine, on February 20-22, 1997. The 22 papers deal with current issues in linguistic theory as they can be illuminated by the close analysis and comparative study of Romance languages. A majority of the articles tackles topics in syntax and semantics; the rest is divided among topics in language acquisition, phonology, morphology, and sociolinguistics. Among the well-represented Romance languages examined are (Old) French, Italian, Spanish, and Portuguese.