باستان‌شناسی مرز روم – در بریتانیا و فراتر از آن: مقالاتی به احترام پل بیدوئل در مراسم سی‌امین کنفرانس سالانه جامعه آر بییا

Roman Frontier Archaeology - in Britain and beyond gathers contributions by some 30 leading archaeologists and historians in honour of Paul Bidwell. In a wide-ranging career Paul has been one of the leading excavators and pottery specialists of his generation, admired for his ground-breaking work both in the south-west and the military north of Roman Britain. Contributions reflect the wide range of Paul Bidwell's interests. Studies of samian pottery use, coins, carved stone pinecones, multi-piece bone dice and agricultural strategies shed light on the economy and everyday life of a Roman frontier province. For the civil southern part of the province there are studies of place-names and various aspects of the public baths of the Roman cities, as well as the impact of changing sea-levels on coastal topography. A number of contributions focus on the problems of the military north and Hadrian's Wall, including studies of the nineteenth century antiquarian pioneers and assessments of the purpose of the Wall, the possibility of destructive attacks by an enemy, the way in which Roman forts were designed, and the use of Iron Age tradition military gear by the Roman army. The papers also take us beyond Britannia to consider developments on and beyond Rome's Eastern, Danube and North African frontiers. The collection will be essential reading for anyone with an interest in either the civil or military aspects of Roman Britain, or the frontiers of the Roman empire. Paul Bidwell (1949-2022) Tragically Paul Bidwell died after a short illness in November 2022 soon after being presented with this book by his friends and colleagues. What was conceived as a gesture to honour Paul has become, in effect, a monument to one of the most respected Roman archaeologists of his generation, and a testament to the wide range of his archaeological interests and achievements. Roman Fronti er Archaeology – in Britain and beyond gathers contribu􀆟 ons by some 30 leading archaeologists and historians in honour of Paul Bidwell. In a wide-ranging career Paul has been one of the leading excavators and po􀆩 ery specialists of his genera􀆟 on, admired for his ground-breaking work both in the south-west and the military north of Roman Britain. Contribu􀆟 ons refl ect the wide range of Paul Bidwell’s interests. Studies of samian po􀆩 ery use, coins, carved stone pinecones, mul􀆟 -piece bone dice and agricultural strategies shed light on the economy and everyday life of a Roman fron􀆟 er province. For the civil southern part of the province there are studies of place-names and various aspects of the public baths of the Roman ci􀆟 es, as well as the impact of changing sea-levels on coastal topography. A number of contribu􀆟 ons focus on the problems of the military north and Hadrian’s Wall, including studies of the nineteenth century an􀆟 quarian pioneers and assessments of the purpose of the Wall, the possibility of destruc􀆟 ve a􀆩 acks by an enemy, the way in which Roman forts were designed, and the use of Iron Age tradi􀆟 on military gear by the Roman army. The papers also take us beyond Britannia to consider developments on and beyond Rome’s Eastern, Danube and North African fron􀆟 ers. The collec􀆟 on will be essen􀆟 al reading for anyone with an interest in either the civil or military aspects of Roman Britain, or the fron􀆟 ers of the Roman empire. Nick Hodgson, formerly of Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums, is now an independent researcher and Honorary Research Fellow at Durham University. Bill Griffi ths is a Senior Manager at Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums. Both editors are former colleagues of Paul Bidwell in the Archaeology Department of Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums. They have excavated and published widely on Roman Britain and the Roman fron􀆟 ers. Cover 1 Title Page 3 Copyright page 4 Contents Page 5 List of contributors 8 Abbreviations 10 Acknowledgements 11 Introduction 13 Paul Bidwell – archaeologist 15 The work of TWM Archaeology in the developer-funded field from the perspective of a practising contracting archaeologist 19 Jonathan McKelvey 19 Bibliography of the published works of Paul Bidwell 24 The pre-Roman Iron Age 31 The Late Bronze Age and Iron Age settlement in lowland North-East England 33 D.H. Heslop 33 Studies in material and scientific evidence 47 A small forest of pines: pinecone motifs in Romano-British sculpture 49 Lindsay Allason-Jones 49 Paying the army: thoughts on the Annona Militaris and the supply of goods to the northern frontier in Britain 57 Richard Brickstock 57 Pot mends and repaired pottery from South Shields Roman Fort 64 Alex Croom 64 Interpreting the samian stamps from South Shields and the supply-chain to Hadrian’s Wall and the hinterland forts 79 Geoffrey B. Dannell and Allard W. Mees 79 Composite dice from Roman Britain 115 Stephen Greep 115 Defending the Walls: experiments with replica hand launched Roman weaponry 124 W.B. Griffiths 124 Southern art on the northern frontier: a remarkable Iron Age harness fitting from Doune Roman fort 132 Fraser Hunter 132 and contributions by Alan Braby, Neil McLean and Lore Troalen 132 with an appendix by Mary Davis 132 Crop prevalence and surplus production in Roman and medieval Northeast England 148 Marijke van der Veen 148 Southern Britain 163 Failed and failing bath-houses in late first century Britain 165 Michael Fulford 165 The public baths of Cirencester: antiquarian records and modern interpretation 171 Neil Holbrook 171 Forty years on: some Roman placenames of South West England four decades after Rivet and Smith 188 Frances M. Griffith 188 Research on the effects of relative sea-level change on the River Exe estuary in the mid-1st century: implications for the location of Roman sea-port and barge-quay facilities serving the Neronian fortress of Legio II Augusta at Exeter 199 Stephen J. Kaye and John Pamment Salvatore 199 Antiquarian matters 213 Death by quarrying: damage to Hadrian’s Wall at Walltown and the artists who recorded its earlier life 215 David J. Breeze 215 John Collingwood Bruce’s ‘cabinet’ and its treasurised bindings 226 Roger Miket 226 ‘A most interesting and valuable piece of workmanship’: 226 Hadrian’s Wall in 1801: The accounts of William Hutton and John Skinner 245 Tony Wilmott 245 The Roman military north 253 The culture of command in the 4th and 5th centuries in northern Britannia 255 Rob Collins 255 Hadrian and the Ocean 268 Richard Hingley 268 The art of the mensores: the design of the Roman forts at Wallsend and South Shields 277 Nick Hodgson 277 The present as epilogue: urban conflict and the ‘Corbridge destruction deposit’ 289 Alistair McCluskey 289 Unravelling the North Tyne crossings of the Stanegate 299 John Poulter 299 Declining military vici and emerging markets at forts on the North British frontier: two case studies 315 Margaret Snape 315 Was Hadrian’s Wall a response to a military threat? 328 Matthew Symonds 328 Cade’s Road – the ‘missing’ forts and other thoughts on the deployment of the Roman army in Northern England 340 Pete Wilson 340 Other frontiers 347 Military activities at the western frontier of Roman Dacia 349 Eduard Nemeth 349 A view from beyond Rome’s southern frontier: technological exchange and trade with the Kingdom of Kush 355 Derek A. Welsby and Isabella Welsby Sjöström 355 Strategic surprise and John Lydus: Constantine’s ‘last plans’ 372 Everett L. Wheeler 372 Back cover 384 Roman Fronti er Archaeology – in Britain and beyond gathers contribu?????? ons by some 30 leading archaeologists and historians in honour of Paul Bidwell. In a wide-ranging career Paul has been one of the leading excavators and po?????? ery specialists of his genera?????? on, admired for his ground-breaking work both in the south-west and the military north of Roman Britain. Contribu?????? ons refl ect the wide range of Paul Bidwell’s interests. Studies of samian po?????? ery use, coins, carved stone pinecones, mul?????? -piece bone dice and agricultural strategies shed light on the economy and everyday life of a Roman fron?????? er province. For the civil southern part of the province there are studies of place-names and various aspects of the public baths of the Roman ci?????? es, as well as the impact of changing sea-levels on coastal topography. A number of contribu?????? ons focus on the problems of the military north and Hadrian’s Wall, including studies of the nineteenth century an?????? quarian pioneers and assessments of the purpose of the Wall, the possibility of destruc?????? ve a?????? acks by an enemy, the way in which Roman forts were designed, and the use of Iron Age tradi?????? on military gear by the Roman army. The papers also take us beyond Britannia to consider developments on and beyond Rome’s Eastern, Danube and North African fron?????? ers. The collec?????? on will be essen?????? al reading for anyone with an interest in either the civil or military aspects of Roman Britain, or the fron?????? ers of the Roman empire. Nick Hodgson, formerly of Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums, is now an independent researcher and Honorary Research Fellow at Durham University. Bill Griffi ths is a Senior Manager at Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums. Both editors are former colleagues of Paul Bidwell in the Archaeology Department of Tyne and Wear Archives and Museums. They have excavated and published widely on Roman Britain and the Roman fron?????? ers. Roman Frontier Archaeology ? in Britain and beyond gathers contributions by some 30 leading archaeologists and historians in honour of Paul Bidwell. In a wide-ranging career Paul has been one of the leading excavators and pottery specialists of his generation, admired for his ground-breaking work both in the south-west and the military north of Roman Britain.0Contributions reflect the wide range of Paul Bidwell?s interests. Studies of samian pottery use, coins, carved stone pinecones, multi-piece bone dice and agricultural strategies shed light on the economy and everyday life of a Roman frontier province. For the civil southern part of the province there are studies of place-names and various aspects of the public baths of the Roman cities, as well as the impact of changing sea-levels on coastal topography. A number of contributions focus on the problems of the military north and Hadrian?s Wall, including studies of the nineteenth century antiquarian pioneers and assessments of the purpose of the Wall, the possibility of destructive attacks by an enemy, the way in which Roman forts were designed, and the use of Iron Age tradition military gear by the Roman army. The papers also take us beyond Britannia to consider developments on and beyond Rome?s Eastern, Danube and North African frontiers