جنبش‌های رقیب کردی در ترکیه: تحول در درگیری‌های قومی (اعتراض و جنبش‌های اجتماعی)

This book explores the conditions that encourage non-violent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. Gürbüz examines the radical transformations over the past decade in the politics of Turkey's Kurdish minority. On the eve of the new millennium, the Turkish state was still openly denying the existence of Kurds, calling them "mountain Turks," and Kurdish populated cities were ruled under martial law. Kurdish politics in Turkey was dominated by a revolutionary movement, the PKK, which engaged in violent clashes with the state. Less than a decade later, the PKK's rebellion had all but ended, and Kurdish political and civic movements of numerous stripes had emerged. The Turkish state even introduced an official Kurdish-language TV channel. How did this rapid change occur? Gürbüz proposes that contending social movements has transformed the politics of the region, ushering in an era of post-conflict political and cultural competition. Acknowledgments Introduction 1 Ethnic Conflict and Social Movements A Multi-Institutional Politics Approach What Makes a Kurdish Activist The Argument of the Book How Does Meaning-Making Matter? Organization of the Book 2 Kurdish Movements in the Southeast The Kurdish Ethno-Nationalist Movement Hizbullah in Turkey The Gülen/Hizmet Movement Locating the Pro-Islamic AKP 3 Exogenous Shocks on the Eve of the Millennium Abdullah Öcalan: The Role of the PKK Leader in Shaping Kurdish Politics The EU Factor: Turkey’s Membership Process and De-Securitization Changing International Political Environment The Rise of the AKP: Radical Shifts in Turkish Politics 4 Civic Competition and Conflict Transformation Emerging Arenas of Competition in the Kurdish Civic Sphere Arenas of Competition and Strategy-Making 5 Resemblance and Difference Constructing Kurdish Civil Society Why Charity Organizations? Exogenous Shocks: Increasing Poverty and the Emergence of Kurdish Slums Constructing Competition through Resemblance: The Charity Initiatives “Education is Our Job”: The Gülen Movement Goes to Slums Namûsa Me Azadîya Me Ye: The Democratic Free Women’s Movement Religious Public Symbolism: Hizbullah Finds Its Niche Civic Activism and Conflict Transformation 6 Going Native Contesting Kurdish Islam Revolutionary Ideology as a Discursive Process The Kurdish Ethno-Nationalist Movement, Islamic Identity, and Symbolic Localization Symbolic Localization and Conflict Transformation 7 Îslam Çareser e Islamic Activists Discover Kurdish Increasing Competition over Kurdish Language Hizbullah: From Ayatollah Khomeini to Said Nursi HÜDA-PAR: Calling the Party of God in Kurdish 8 Enemies of the “Deep State” Narrative Contests and Symbolic Localization The “Deep State” and Kurds The Rival Movements and Competing Narratives on Ergenekon The Gülen/Hizmet as Enemy of the Deep State The PKK: “The State wants to sweep its filth under the carpet!” Hizbullah: “We’re the Victims of the Deep State!” Narratives in Conflict Transformation: Reputation Work and Symbolic Localization 9 Conclusion Strategic Engagement and Conflict Transformation Global Dynamics and Pro-Ethnic Strategies Toward a Multi-Institutional Politics Perspective A Kurdish Spring on the Horizon? List of Abbreviations References Appendix: Data and Methods Index This book explores the conditions that encourage non-violent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. Gپrbپz examines the radical transformations over the past decade in the politics of Turkey's Kurdish minority. On the eve of the new millennium, the Turkish state was still openly denying the existence of Kurds, calling them "mountain Turks," and Kurdish populated cities were ruled under martial law. Kurdish politics in Turkey was dominated by a revolutionary movement, the PKK, which engaged in violent clashes with the state. Less than a decade later, the PKK's rebellion had all but ended, and Kurdish political and civic movements of numerous stripes had emerged. The Turkish state even introduced an official Kurdish-language TV channel. How did this rapid change occurGپrbپz proposes that contending social movements has transformed the politics of the region, ushering in an era of post-conflict political and cultural competition The place occupied by Kurds in Turkish society has changed remarkably in recent years. Around the turn of the millennium, the Turkish state still denied their very existence, whereas now Kurdish parties are seen as key parts of Turkish political life. This book uses the situation of the Kurds in Turkey as a case study for attempting to understand the conditions that foster nonviolent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. How and why did the Kurds choose participation over rebellion, discarding the violent approach of the PKK and opting instead for organization within the structures of the state? And what can their success teach us about possible ways to encourage similar approaches in other developing democracies? Rival Kurdish Movements in Turkey explores the conditions that encourage non-violent civic engagement in emerging civil societies. The book examines the radical transformations over the past decade in the politics of Turkey's Kurdish minority.

Using ethnographic and participatory methods, this timely volume calls for an exploration of 'unseen' social capital