Risks and challenges of hazardous waste management : reviews and case studies

This reference presents reviews and case studies of hazardous waste management in a selection of cities. The overarching themes of the compiled topics include 1) the problems of healthcare waste management, 2) case studies of hazardous waste mismanagement, 3) health risks associated with environmental waste, issues in environmental health and 4) grassroots environmentalism.The volume initially presents reviews and case studies from developing countries, including countries in South America (Argentina), Africa (Algeria and Nigeria), and Asia (India). The latter chapters of the book focus on environmental issues in Campania, a region in Italy. These chapters also provide an insight into the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on waste management practices in this region.Risks and Challenges of Hazardous Waste Management is an insightful reference for management trainees, professionals and researchers associated with waste management and environmental health firms. Readers will gain insights into current issues and practices in the respective industries. The reviews and case studies presented in the reference are also useful to professionals involved in risk assessment studies. Cover Title Graphical Abstract Copyright End User License Agreement Contents Foreword REFERENCES Preface List of Contributors Healthcare Waste: A Challenge for Best Management Practices in Developing Countries Ernesto de Titto1 and Atilio Savino2 ,* INTRODUCTION THE HEALTH-CARE CONTEXT BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES TRENDS IN THE USE OF MEDICAL WASTE INCINERATORS ORGANIZING HCW MANAGEMENT Define the Policy of the Establishment Document the Commitment of the Authorities Diagnose the State of Situation Plan and Program DEFINE THE FEATURES AND REQUIREMENTS ASSOCIATED TO EACH OF THE RESIDUE MANAGEMENT STAGES Define Segregation Strategies Fitness Storage Fitness Internal Transport COMMUNICATE COORDINATE WITH RELATED PROCESSES OR ACTIVITIES Worker’s Health Infrastructure and Maintenance Training Action for Contingencies TRACKING THE SYSTEM Evaluation Guide Indicators DEVELOP MANAGEMENT DOCUMENTS Internal Management Manual of Residues in Health Care Facilities Registrations Procedures and Instructions CONCLUDING REMARKS NOTES CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES A Review of the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Healthcare Wastes Workers (HCWS) on Medical Waste in Developing Countries Y.Y. Babanyara1,*, Abdulkadir Aliyu1, B.A Gana2 and Maryam Musa2 INTRODUCTION PERSONNEL’S INVOLVED IN MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT IN HEALTH CENTERS IMPORTANCE OF KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDE, AND PRACTICES IN THE MANAGEMENT OF HEALTHCARE WASTE CLASSIFICATION OF HEALTHCARE WASTES Health and Risks Associated with Healthcare Waste Management MICRO-ORGANISMS ASSOCIATED WITH HEALTHCARE WASTE HAZARDS OF IMPROPER DISPOSAL OF HEALTHCARE WASTE CHEMICAL AND TOXIC THREATS Types of Chemicals Common to Waste Mercury Silver Disinfectants Pesticides GENOTOXIC WASTE HAZARDS RADIOACTIVE WASTE AND ITS HAZARDOUS NATURE ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE THAT IS WIDELY SPREAD IN THE ENVIRONMENT DUE TO INDISCRIMINATE MEDICAL WASTE DISPOSAL HEALTHCARE WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICE (S) IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES CASE STUDIES RESULTS RECOMMENDATIONS/CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Blood Exposure Accidents: Knowledge and Evaluation of Health Professional in the Emergency Pavilion of the Hospital of Batna City Sefouhi Linda*, BenBouza Amina and Houfani Roufaida INTRODUCTION DEFINITIONS OF HEALTHCARE PERSONNEL (HCP) AND BEA REGULATORY INSTRUMENTS RELATED TO BLOOD EXPOSURE ACCIDENTS (BEA) IN ALGERIA SUBJECTS AND METHODS RESULTS Socio-Professional Characteristics of Respondents History of Blood Exposure Accidents Knowledge Assessment of Blood-Borne Infectious Agents Action to be taken after being the victim of an accident of blood exposure Measures for Prevention of Blood Exposure Accidents DISCUSSION CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Hazardous Waste Management in India: Risks and Challenges Associated with Hazardous Waste Arvind Kumar Shukla1,2,3,* and Sandhya Shukla3 INTRODUCTION HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA POLICY AND REGULATIONS ON HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA CLASSIFICATION AND CHARACTERISTICS OF HAZARDOUS WASTES a). Ignitability b). Corrosivity c). Reactivity d). Toxicity QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT (HWM) IN INDIA COMPOSITION OF MUNICIPAL HAZARDOUS WASTE BIOMEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT (BWM) IN INDIA Biomedical Waste Management Rules, 2016 Risks Associated with Biomedical Hazardous Waste Basic Steps of Hazardous Biomedical Waste Management Waste Survey WASTE SEGREGATION Waste Accumulation and Storage Waste Transportation WASTE TREATMENT SAFELY DISPOSAL AND PREVENTIVE METHODS OF HAZARDOUS WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA Landfilling Hazards of landfilling Incineration Incineration Hazards Recycling of Hazardous Waste Hazardous Effects Due to Recycling REUSE EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES Promession Alkaline Hydrolysis Nanotechnology Photocatalysis Membrane Bioreactors CHALLENGES FOR WASTE MANAGEMENT IN INDIA CONCLUSIONS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES The E-waste Situation in India and Health Impact on Population S.V.A.R. Sastry* INTRODUCTION INTERNATIONAL TRADE OF HAZARDOUS WASTES Increasing Unlawful E-Waste Trades Key Elements in International E-Waste Trade Waste Exchange as an Essential Part of Electronics Reprocessing Waste Trading Through Free Trade Agreements INGRESS OF HARMFUL E-WASTES IN INDIA India’s View on Relaxing Import Rules Gaps in Regulations MANAGEMENT OF E-WASTE HEALTH THREATS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONCERNS The Effect of Dangerous Materials on the Environment and Health Dealings with E-Waste CONCLUDING REMARKS CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Hazardous Waste Management and Geological Aspects in Campania (A Case Study) Caputo Gaetano* INTRODUCTION NOTES ON GEOLOGY, GEOMORPHOLOGY AND HYDRO-GEOLOGY OF CAMPANIA (ITALY) GEOLOGICAL RISKS AND POLLUTION FACTORS FROM NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC SOURCES IN CAMPANIA ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMICAL STUDIES AND HUMAN HEALTH IMPACT CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Environmental and Human Health Issues in Campania Region Italy Gabriella Marfe1,*, Carla Di Stefano2 and Professor Giulio Tarro3 RECENT HISTORY EPIDEMIOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS (U.S. NAVY) THE LAND OF FIRES CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS REFERENCES A Case Study on Grassroots Environmentalism for Health and Sustainability in the Land of Fires (Italy) Salvatore Paolo De Rosa*, Lucio Righetti and Annamaria Martuscelli INTRODUCTION THE WASTED LAND Stop Biocide and the ‘Raging River’ THE COHEIRS CIVIC OBSERVERS OF CAMPANIA CONCLUSION CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST AKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES The Outbreak of the Pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and its Impact on Medical Waste Management Gabriella Marfe1,*, Carla Di Stefano2 and Giulio Tarro3 THE CURRENT HISTORY OF THE COVID-19 CORONAVIRUS VIRAL INTERFERENCE THERAPY FOR CORONAVIRUS DISEASE THE GLOBAL MEDICAL WASTE MANAGEMENT DURING THE COVID 19 PANDEMIC Our Reflection CONSENT FOR PUBLICATION CONFLICT OF INTEREST ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS REFERENCES Subject Index Back Cover