Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology Volume 254 (Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 254)

Reviews of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology attempts to provide concise, critical reviews of timely advances, philosophy and significant areas of accomplished or needed endeavor in the total field of xenobiotics, in any segment of the environment, as well as toxicological implications. Foreword Preface Contents List of Contributors Investigating the Potential Toxicity of Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback and Produced Water Spills to Aquatic Animals in Freshwat... 1 Introduction 2 FPW Chemical Characterization 2.1 Major Ions 2.2 Trace Metals 2.3 Organic Chemicals 2.4 Wellbore Reaction Products 3 FPW Chemical Constituent Toxicity 3.1 Major Ion Toxicity 3.2 Trace Metal Toxicity 3.3 Organic Chemicals 3.3.1 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons 3.3.2 Volatiles 3.3.3 Synthetics 3.4 Whole FPW Toxicity 4 FPW Releases and Regulatory Guideline Considerations 5 Conclusions and Future Directions References Occurrence of Levonorgestrel in Water Systems and Its Effects on Aquatic Organisms: A Review 1 Introduction 2 Levonorgestrel Detection and Exposure Concentrations in the Aquatic Environment 3 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Aquatic Organisms 3.1 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Cyanobacteria 3.2 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Algae 3.3 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Zooplankton 3.4 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Molluscs 3.5 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Fish 3.6 Toxicity of Levonorgestrel to Amphibians 4 Aquatic Risk Assessment for Levonorgestrel 4.1 Measured Environmental Concentration (MEC) Selection 4.2 Effects Assessment 4.3 Estimation of Risk Quotients 5 Conclusions References A Review on the Environmental Exposure to Airborne Manganese, Biomonitoring, and Neurological/Neuropsychological Outcomes 1 Introduction 2 Methods: Literature Search Strategy 3 Results 3.1 Inhalation of Manganese: Evaluation of Airborne Manganese Levels 3.2 Biomarkers of Environmental Exposure to Manganese 3.3 Neurological and Neuropsychological Effects Assessed in Environmentally Airborne Manganese-Exposed Population 3.3.1 Cognitive Function Intelligence and General Cognitive Functioning Attention and Cognitive Flexibility Executive Functions Memory and Fluency 3.3.2 Motor Function Motor Speed Motor Coordination and Postural Balance Tremor Bradykinesia Hand Dexterity 3.3.3 Olfactory Function 3.3.4 Emotional Function and Mood 4 Discussion and Recommendations 5 Conclusions References Photodegradation of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) and Antibacterial Activity in Water by Transition Metals 1 Introduction 2 Transition Metals 3 Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) 4 Global Production of Drinking Water 5 Photocatalysis 6 Mechanism of Photocatalysis 7 Treatment of PPCPs in Wastewater by Transition Metal-Modified Magnetite Photocatalysis 8 Visible Light-Responsive Nano-based Transition Metal Photocatalysts in Antibacterial Activity 9 Comparison Between Photocatalysts, Antibiotics, and PPCPs 10 Application of Transition Metals in Photocatalysis 11 Future Perspectives and Conclusion References Effects of Carbamazepine in Bivalves: A Review 1 Introduction 2 Marine Bivalves Exposed to Carbamazepine Under Laboratory Conditions: Toxicological Effects 2.1 Mussels 2.1.1 CBZ Effects on Physiological Processes 2.1.2 CBZ Effects on the Biotransformation and Detoxification Processes 2.1.3 CBZ Effects on Oxidative Stress-Related Parameters 2.1.4 CBZ Effects on Multiple General Stress Responses 2.1.5 CBZ Effects on the Mode of Action-Related Processes and Metabolic Pathways 2.2 Clams 2.2.1 CBZ Effects on Physiological Processes 2.2.2 CBZ Effects on the Biotransformation and Detoxification Processes 2.2.3 CBZ Effects on Oxidative Stress-Related Parameters 2.2.4 CBZ Effects on the Mode of Action-Related Processes 2.3 Oysters 3 Conclusions and Future Perspectives References Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Chronic Kidney Disease 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 The Compositions of PM2.5 4 PM2.5 and CKD: Epidemiological Studies 5 PM2.5 and CKD: Progression and Prevention 6 PM2.5 and CKD: Mechanisms 7 Global Implication of Polices and Measurements 8 Conclusions References Correction to: Occurrence of Levonorgestrel in Water Systems and Its Effects on Aquatic Organisms: A Review Investigating the Potential Toxicity of Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback and Produced Water Spills to Aquatic Animals in Freshwater Environments: A North American Perspective Erik J. Folkerts, Greg G. Goss, and Tamzin A. Blewett Occurrence of Levonorgestrel in Water Systems and Its Effects on Aquatic Organisms: A Review Ana Lourdes Oropesa, and Laura Guimarães A Review on the Environmental Exposure to Airborne Manganese, Biomonitoring and Neurological/Neuropsychological Outcomes Ignacio Fernández-Olmo, Paula Mantecón, Bohdana Markiv, Laura Ruiz-Azcona, and Miguel Santibáñez Photodegradation of Pharmaceutical and Personal Care Products (PPCPs) and Antibacterial Activity in Water by Transition Metals Godfred Kwesi Teye, Williams Kweku Darkwah, Huang Jingyu, Li Ke, and Yi Li Effects of Carbamazepine in Bivalves: A Review Ângela Almeida, Valdemar I. Esteves, Amadeu M. V. M. Soares, and Rosa Freitas Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Chronic Kidney Disease Yilin Zhan, Dongwei Liu, and Zhangsuo Liu Fine Particulate Matter (PM2.5) and Chronic Kidney Disease is available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com