Rethinking Urban Transformations: A New Paradigm for Inclusive Cities (Diversity and Inclusion Research)

This edited volume delves into the intricate challenges that cities face in the midst of evolving socio-political, economic, and environmental landscapes. With a focus on inclusivity and diversity, the book thoroughly examines the transformation of urban systems and their manifestations within broader spatial contexts. Employing a trans- and interdisciplinary approach, the editors have strategically curated diverse research clusters to address key aspects of inclusive urban transformation from multiple perspectives. These clusters explore alternative paradigms for sustainable urban transformation, the dynamics of city regions, inclusive tourism development, the de-contestation of urban heritage to diversify urban identities, and inclusive intersectional city-making practices. By fostering collaboration and cross-pollination among these clusters, the volume fosters a transdisciplinary understanding of inclusive and sustainable urban transformation, facilitating the development of more holistic approaches in conceptualizing and promoting inclusive urban theory and praxis. Foreword 6 Inclusion for a Shattered Urban World 6 Preface 7 Contents 9 About the Editors 11 Introduction: Inclusive Cities as a New Paradigm? 12 1 Towards Inclusive Cities 12 2 Inclusion and Diversity in the Current Scientific Discourses 14 3 Research Strands and Book Contributions 17 3.1 Alternatives for Sustainable Urban Transformation 17 3.2 Transformation of Cities Through Inclusive Development Processes 18 3.3 The Role of Culture and Heritage in the Diversification of Urban Identities 19 3.4 Inclusive and Intersectional City-Making Practices and Policies 20 4 Outlook 21 References 22 Part I: Alternatives for Sustainable Urban Transformation 26 The Open City Concept: Evidence from Berlin 27 1 Introduction 27 2 The Open City and Its Attributes 29 3 Case Study: Berlin 32 3.1 Operationalising the Open City in Berlin 33 4 Case Studies Findings 35 4.1 Hellersdorf 37 4.2 Niederschöneweide 39 4.3 Gesundbrunnen 40 4.4 Charlottenburg-Nord 41 5 Conclusion 42 References 43 From Reactive to Proactive Participation: A Case Study on Micro-regeneration in Shanghai, China 45 1 Introduction 45 2 Changing Urban Regeneration Paradigm and Evolving Micro-regeneration in Shanghai 47 3 Inclusion in Micro-regeneration: Motivations and Mechanisms 53 3.1 A Myriad of Motivations for Inclusion 53 3.2 Informing, Inviting and Actively Contributing: A Mix of Reactive and Proactive Inclusion Measures 54 3.2.1 Project Initiation: From Imposing to Empowering 55 3.2.2 Project Task: From Formal Design Intervention to Informal Open-Ended Daily Activity 55 3.2.3 Role of Facilitator: From Designing a Project to Managing a Platform 56 3.2.4 Programme Publicity: From Giving Information to Explaining Philosophy 56 3.2.5 External Incentives: From Individual Action to a Sense of Community and Collective Recognition 57 4 Challenges and Outlook 58 References 60 Part II: Transformation of Cities Through Inclusive Development Processes 62 Living in Contexts: Transforming Housing Vacancies as a Driving Concept for Inclusive Cities 63 1 Introduction 63 2 Re-using Vacant Housing and Building Inclusive Communities 64 3 WohL: A Field Study in the Dachau District 66 3.1 Community-based Participatory Research: Being Part of and Taking Part in 67 3.2 Methods of Data Collection 69 4 Social Diversity and Inclusion Using the Dachau Case as an Example 70 5 Discussion: Can Inclusion Orientation and Housing Inequalities Be Put Under the Same Roof? 72 6 Conclusion: Joint Undertaking to Multiply Performance (JUMP) 75 References 78 Adaptive Planning for the Hospitable City: The Experiences of Temporary Housing in Grenoble, Rennes and Villeurbanne 82 1 Analysing the Impact of Reception Policies on Planning 82 2 Theoretical Insights and Discourses on Hospitality and Planning 85 2.1 Spatial Planning and Social Crises: The Theories of Adaptive Planning 85 2.2 Theories of Hospitality 86 2.3 The ‘Unconditional Reception’ Practices on the Local Political Agendas of the Three Selected French Cities 87 3 Analysing Collective Hospitality in Practice in Grenoble, Rennes and Villeurbanne 89 3.1 Towards a Common Discourse on Temporary Housing Based on Contradictory Values and Cultures 89 3.2 Specifications of Loaning Laws and Legalisation of Activist Squats 91 3.3 Mediators of the Institutionalisation of Temporary Housing 92 4 Towards a New Reference Frame in Spatial Planning 95 References 96 An Integrated Framework for Transforming Cultural Landscapes Through Innovative and Inclusive Strategies 98 1 Introduction 98 2 Transformations of Cultural Landscapes: An Integrated Framework 100 3 Case: (Peri)urban Farming in Turin Metropolitan Area 103 3.1 Turin City’s Historical Context 104 3.2 Urban Horticulture 105 4 Discussion 108 4.1 Shared Spaces 108 4.2 Shared Knowledge 110 4.3 Sharing Economy 112 5 Conclusion 113 References 114 Part III: The Role of Culture and Heritage in the Diversification of Urban Identities 117 A Reflection on Culture-Led Urban Development: From Symbol-Oriented Consumption Toward the City for All 118 1 Introduction 118 2 Culture and Urban Imagineering 119 3 The Role of Culture and Consumption in Urban Development Strategies 121 4 City as a (Cultural) Product 123 5 City as a Place of Production and Consumption of Culture 125 6 Some Harmful Effects of Mobilizing Culture for Development in Cities 126 7 Toward the City for All 131 8 Conclusion 133 References 133 Rethinking Dissonant Heritage: The Unabsorbed Modernisation of Novi Sad 137 1 Urban Identities and Dissonant Heritage 137 2 Urban Identities of Novi Sad 138 3 In Search of a ‘Modernist Code’ 139 4 Popularisation of Yugoslav Heritage Through Top-Down and Bottom-Up Curation 142 5 Case Study: Novi Sad—Modern City 145 6 Towards an Inclusive City 148 References 150 2021/22 European Capital of Culture: Inclusive Culture-Led Branding of Novi Sad? 153 1 Introduction 153 2 Materials and Methods 155 3 Novi Sad: Becoming the ECoC 2021/2 156 3.1 The Setting 157 3.2 The Strategic Approach 157 3.3 Towards Inclusion Through Participation and Co-creation 162 4 Discussion 163 5 Conclusions 166 Appendix: List of Interviews 167 References 167 Part IV: Inclusive and Intersectional City-Making Practices and Policies 171 Planning Gender-Inclusive Cities: Tactical and Strategic Support for the Reconciliation of Paid Work and Care Work 172 1 Introduction 172 2 Changing Structures of Private and Public Spheres and the Need for More Gender-Inclusive Planning Approaches 173 2.1 Feminist and Gender-Related Critique and Planning Reactions 173 2.2 Societal and Organizational Changes: The Need for a Conceptual Update and More Strategic Urbanism 174 3 Fields of Action for Gender-Inclusive and Care-Oriented Urban Planning: A Qualitative Content Analysis 176 4 Case Study: Gender Inclusiveness and Care Orientation in Hamburg-Oberbillwerder 177 5 Discussion and Conclusion 184 Interviews with Planning Experts in Oberbillwerders 185 References 186 Empowerment and Adaptive Capacity of Women in Urban Areas: Mitigating the Risk of Water Insecurity in Chad 189 1 Introduction 189 2 Climate Change and Water Insecurity in Chad 192 3 Climate Risk, Vulnerability, and Adaptive Capacity 196 4 Empowerment and Adaptation 198 4.1 An Empowerment Index for Adaptation 198 4.2 Linking Empowerment and Adaptive Capacity 202 5 Results 205 6 Conclusion and Policy Implications 207 Annex 209 References 209 Urban Struggles Redefined: On the Disenfranchisement and Agency of Cairo’s Middle-Class Citizens 213 1 Introduction 213 2 Research Framework 214 3 Contextual Background 216 3.1 About Cairo 216 3.2 Urban Transformation Timeline 218 4 Case Study: Nasr City 220 5 Disenfranchisement and Agency 223 5.1 Space, Structures, and Subjects 223 5.2 City-Making and Disenfranchisement 224 5.3 Urban Struggles 225 5.4 Agency Redefined 226 6 Conclusions 230 Appendix: List of Interviews 230 References 231