Restoration of wetland ecosystem : a trajectory towards a sustainable environment

The risks and consequences of environmental change are increasing, leading to massive losses in terms of ecosystems and having a huge impact on human populations. As such, global thinkers, environmentalists, scientists and policy makers are focusing on finding solutions and ways to sustain life on Earth. Anthropogenic impacts on the climate system can only be mitigated by the restoration of existing natural resources and the sustainable development of the environment and society. This book discusses the potential of green technology in waste management, wetland restoration, presenting the latest developments in the field of bioenergy, green ecology, bioremediation and microbial management. Wetlands are one of Earth’s most important ecosystems, and they provide valuable services to human societies, such as minimizing the impacts of floods, acting as a carbon sink, and offering water purification as well as recreational opportunities. Wetlands may be natural or constructed, and the effectiveness of wetland services largely depends on the diversity of macrophytes affecting the algal production, plant biomass and nutrient status of the system. In addition, they are one of the richest microbial ecosystems on earth: the rhizosphere, soil and water interface enhances wetland services with implications ranging from phytoremediation to microbial bioprospection. However, in order to function properly, they need to be effectively redesigned, reengineered, protected and maintained. The book addresses the dynamic relation between three global concerns: environmental pollution, resource exploitation and sustainability. It describes the utilization of resources like wastes (municipal, industrial, agricultural, mine drainage, tannery, solid, and e waste), plants, algae and microbes for production of renewable biofuel, biofertilizers and other value added products to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The book also discusses the current and future trends in employing wetlands in improving water quality. In addition it presents the latest international research in the fields of wetland science, waste management, carbon sequestration and bioremediation. Highlighting a broad spectrum of topics and strategies for achieving a sustainable environment, the book offers researchers, students and academics insights into utilizing resources in a sustainable way. The risks and consequences of environmental change are increasing, leading to massive losses in terms of ecosystems and having a huge impact on human populations. As such, global thinkers, environmentalists, scientists and policy makers are focusing on finding solutions and ways to sustain life on Earth. Anthropogenic impacts on the climate system can only be mitigated by the restoration of existing natural resources and the sustainable development of the environment and society. This book discusses the potential of green technology in waste management, wetland restoration, presenting the latest developments in the field of bioenergy, green ecology, bioremediation and microbial management. Wetlands are one of Earths most important ecosystems, and they provide valuable services to human societies, such as minimizing the impacts of floods, acting as a carbon sink, and offering water purification as well as recreational opportunities. Wetlands may be natural or constructed, and the effectiveness of wetland services largely depends on the diversity of macrophytes affecting the algal production, plant biomass and nutrient status of the system. In addition, they are one of the richest microbial ecosystems on earth: the rhizosphere, soil and water interface enhances wetland services with implications ranging from phytoremediation to microbial bioprospection. However, in order to function properly, they need to be effectively redesigned, reengineered, protected and maintained. The book addresses the dynamic relation between three global concerns: environmental pollution, resource exploitation and sustainability. It describes the utilization of resources like wastes (municipal, industrial, agricultural, mine drainage, tannery, solid, and e waste), plants, algae and microbes for production of renewable biofuel, biofertilizers and other value added products to achieve the goal of sustainable development. The book also discusses the current and future trends in employing wet lands in improving water quality. In addition it presents the latest international research in the fields of wetland science, waste management, carbon sequestration and bioremediation. Highlighting a broad spectrum of topics and strategies for achieving a sustainable environment, the book offers researchers, students and academics insights into utilizing resources in a sustainable way Front Matter ....Pages i-xv Restoration, Construction, and Conservation of Degrading Wetlands: A Step Toward Sustainable Management Practices (Ibha Suhani, Monika, Barkha Vaish, Pooja Singh, Rajeev Pratap Singh)....Pages 1-16 Phytoremediation and Sustainable Developmental Policies and Practices (Atul Kumar Upadhyay, Ranjan Singh, D. P. Singh)....Pages 17-29 Wetland as a Sustainable Reservoir of Ecosystem Services: Prospects of Threat and Conservation (Govind Gupta, Jabbar Khan, Atul Kumar Upadhyay, Naveen Kumar Singh)....Pages 31-43 Carbon Sequestration and Storage by Wetlands: Implications in the Climate Change Scenario (Afreen J. Lolu, Amrik S. Ahluwalia, Malkiat C. Sidhu, Zafar A. Reshi, S. K. Mandotra)....Pages 45-58 Wetlands: A Major Natural Source Responsible for Methane Emission (Shashank Tiwari, Chhatarpal Singh, Jay Shankar Singh)....Pages 59-74 Wetlands Conservation and Restoration for Ecosystem Services and Halt Biodiversity Loss: An Indian Perspective (Rima Kumari, S. K. Shukla, K. Parmar, Nirmali Bordoloi, Amit Kumar, P. Saikia)....Pages 75-85 Microbes Biology: Microbes in Wetland and Bioprospection of Microbes (Avinash Singh, Prashant Kumar Singh, Wenjing Wang, Alok Kumar Shrivastava)....Pages 87-99 Contribution of Microbes in the Renovation of Wetlands (Prem Chandra, Enespa, Mukesh Kumar)....Pages 101-124 Phytoremediation: Role of Mycorrhiza in Plant Responses to Stress (Bimal K. Chetri)....Pages 125-143 Integrated Approach for Bioremediation and Biofuel Production Using Algae (S. K. Mandotra, Afreen J. Lolu, Sunil Kumar, P. W. Ramteke, Amrik S. Ahluwalia)....Pages 145-160 Dual Role of Microalgae: Phycoremediation Coupled with Biomass Generation for Biofuel Production (Amit Kumar Singh, Harvesh Kumar Rana, Ravi Kumar Yadav, Abhay K. Pandey)....Pages 161-178 Microalgae and Microorganisms: Important Regulators of Carbon Dynamics in Wetland Ecosystem (Nisha Yadav, D. P. Singh)....Pages 179-193 Bioremediation of Heavy Metals: A New Approach to Sustainable Agriculture (Gereraj Sen Gupta, Garima Yadav, Supriya Tiwari)....Pages 195-226 Wastewater Treatment Through Nanotechnology: Role and Prospects (Vivek K. Chaturvedi, Ankita Kushwaha, Shweta Maurya, Nazish Tabassum, Himani Chaurasia, M. P. Singh)....Pages 227-247 Cover -- Half Title -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Table of Contents -- Preface -- Editors -- Contributors -- SECTION I: Introduction to Metal Contamination and Microbial Bioremediation -- Chapter 1: Metals and Their Toxic Effects: An Introduction to Noxious Elements -- Chapter 2: Sources of Metal Pollution, Global Status, and Conventional Bioremediation Practices -- Chapter 3: Microbes: Natural Scavengers of Toxic Metals and Their Role in Bioremediation -- Chapter 4: Insight into Microbe-Assisted Bioremediation Technologies for the Amendment of Toxic Metal-Contaminated Sites -- Chapter 5: Biotransformation of Heavy Metal(loid)s in Relation to the Remediation of Contaminated Soils -- Chapter 6: Microbes: Potential Arsenal to Combat Metal Toxicity -- SECTION II: Metal-Microbe Interactions -- Chapter 7: Metal-Microbe Interactions and Microbial Bioremediation of Toxic Metals -- Chapter 8: Interaction between Plants, Metals, and Microbes -- Chapter 9: Toxic Metals in the Environment: Threats on Ecosystem and Bioremediation Approaches -- Chapter 10: Biochemical Pathways in Bacteria to Survive Metal-Contaminated Environments -- Chapter 11: Decontamination of Multiple-Metal Pollution by Microbial Systems: The Metabolic Twist -- Chapter 12: New Trends in Microbial Biosorption Modeling and Optimization -- Chapter 13: Understanding Toxic Metal-Binding Proteins and Peptides -- Chapter 14: Microbial Communities in Metal-Contaminated Environments: Adaptation and Function in Soil -- SECTION III: Molecular Approaches in Metal Bioremediation -- Chapter 15: Siderophores: Microbial Tools for Iron Uptake and Resistance to Other Metals Around the World, metal pollution is a major problem. Conventional practices of toxic metal removal can be ineffective and/or expensive, delaying and exacerbating the crisis. Those communities dealing with contamination must be aware of the fundamentals advances of microbe-mediated metal removal practices because these methods can be easily used and require less remedial intervention. This book describes innovations and efficient applications for metal bioremediation for environments polluted by metal contaminates.