Restoration and Reform, 1153–1165: Recovery from Civil War in England (Cambridge Studies in Medieval Life and Thought: Fourth Series, Series Number 46)

"This book examines the processes by which effective royal government was restored in England following the civil war of Stephen's reign. It questions the traditional view that Stephen presided over 'anarchy', arguing instead that the king and his rivals sought to maintain the administrative traditions of Henry I, leaving foundations for a restoration of order once the war was over." "The period from 1153 to 1162, spanning the last months of Stephen's reign and the early years of Henry II's, is seen as one primarily of 'restoration' when concerted efforts were made to recovery royal lands, rights and revenues lost since 1135. Thereafter 'restoration' gave way to 'reform': although the administrative advances of 1166 have been seen as a watershed in Henry II's reign, the financial and judicial measures of 1163-65 were sufficiently important for this, also, to be regarded as a transitional phase in his government of England."--Jacket. Cover 1 Half-title 3 Series-title 5 Title 7 Copyright 8 Dedication 9 CONTENTS 11 PREFACE 13 ABBREVIATIONS 16 Chapter 1 THE POLITICAL CONTEXT 21 Chapter 2 THE GOVERNANCE OF ENGLAND DURING STEPHEN’S REIGN 32 INTRODUCTION 32 THE KING’S GOVERNMENT 37 GOVERNMENT BY EMPRESS MATILDA, HENRY OF ANJOU AND THE SCOTS 56 GOVERNMENT BY THE MAGNATES 75 THE PEACE SETTLEMENT AND ITS SEQUEL 89 Chapter 3 PERSONNEL AND PROPERTY 97 INTRODUCTION 97 THE KING’S SERVANTS 99 BARONIAL ESTATES 120 LAY HOLDINGS AND THE ROYAL DEMESNE 132 ECCLESIASTICAL HOLDINGS AND THE ROYAL DEMESNE 142 CONCLUSION 147 Chapter 4 FINANCIAL RECOVERY 150 INTRODUCTION 150 TREASURY, CHAMBER AND EXCHEQUER 151 SHERIFFS’ FARMS 157 TAXATION 170 CONCLUSION 177 Chapter 5 THE ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE 181 INTRODUCTION 181 DISPUTE AND SETTLEMENT WITHOUT RESORT TO THE KING 182 THE KING AND HIS JUSTICES: 1154–62 189 THE KING AND HIS JUSTICES: 1163–5 210 CONCLUSION 219 Chapter 6 CONCLUSION 233 Appendix I SHERIFFS’ FARMS, 1130–65 and 1197 240 BERKSHIRE 241 BUCKINGHAMSHIRE, BEDFORDSHIRE 241 CAMBRIDGESHIRE, HUNTINGDONSHIRE, SURREY 241 CARLISLE 241 DEVON 242 DORSET 242 ESSEX, HERTFORDSHIRE 242 GLOUCESTERSHIRE (blanch) 242 HAMPSHIRE 242 HEREFORDSHIRE 243 KENT 243 LINCOLNSHIRE 243 LONDON 243 NORFOLK, SUFFOLK 243 NORTHAMPTONSHIRE 244 NORTHUMBERLAND 244 NOTTINGHAMSHIRE, DERBYSHIRE 244 OXFORDSHIRE 244 SHROPSHIRE 244 SOMERSET 244 STAFFORDSHIRE 245 SUSSEX 245 WARWICKSHIRE, LEICESTERSHIRE 245 WILTSHIRE 245 WORCESTERSHIRE 246 YORKSHIRE 246 Appendix II PIPE ROLL II HENRY II (1164–5) 247 SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY 249 MANUSCRIPT SOURCES 249 Cambridge, University Library 249 Lincolnshire Archives Office 249 London, British Library 249 London, Public Record Office 249 Oxford, Bodleian Library 249 Peterborough, Dean and Chapter 249 Articles and papers 255 INDEX 260 This book, covering the close of Stephen's reign (1135-54) and the early phase of Henry II's (1154-89), examines the government of England in the aftermath of civil war. It suggests that the extent of "anarchy" under Stephen has been exaggerated and that there was much administrative continuity from one reign to the next. Previous studies of Henry II's government have often neglected his earliest years, but here there is a reassessment of the significance of financial and judicial measures during 1163-65, as "restoration" gave way to "reform." At King Stephen's coronation mass on 22 December 1135, the archbishop of Canterbury forgot to include the kiss of peace.

a Revisionary Examination Of The Early Years Of The Reign Of Henry Ii, Following Civil War In England.