Research and Innovation Forum 2023: Navigating Shocks and Crises in Uncertain Times―Technology, Business, Society (Springer Proceedings in Complexity)

This book features research presented and discussed during the Research & Innovation Forum (Rii Forum) 2023. As such, this book offers a unique insight into emerging topics, issues and developments pertinent to the fields of technology, innovation and education and their social impact. Papers included in this book apply inter- and multi-disciplinary approaches to query such issues as technology-enhanced teaching and learning, smart cities, information systems, cognitive computing and social networking. What brings these threads of the discussion together is the question of how advances in computer science―which are otherwise largely incomprehensible to researchers from other fields―can be effectively translated and capitalized on so as to make them beneficial for society as a whole. In this context, Rii Forum and Rii Forum proceedings offer an essential venue where diverse stakeholders, including academics, the think tank sector and decision-makers, can engage in a meaningful dialogue with a view to improving the applicability of advances in computer science. Organization Preface Acknowledgments Contents Contributors Big Data, Business and Society: Managing the Distributed Risks and Opportunities How Culture and Technology Go Hand-In-Hand in Digital Transformations into an Ecosystem Business 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 4 The GEA Case [37] 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions, Limitations, and Impact References The Path Towards Society 5.0 of Colombian Companies 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review: Society 5.0, Innovation, Design Thinking 3 Methodology 4 Analysis and Discussion of the Results 4.1 Innovation 4.2 Human-Centered Innovation 4.3 Sustainability 4.4 Technology 5 Conclusions References Successful Implementation of “ADKAR” Change Management Model in SMEs: The Role of Transactional and Transformational Leadership Styles 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Framework 3 Methodology 4 Results 5 Discussion and Conclusion References Platform Enterprises and SMEs: A Bibliometrics Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Bibliometrics Analysis 3.1 Field Overview and Contributing Countries 3.2 Individual and Country Co-Authorship Analysis 3.3 Reference and Journal Co-Citation Analysis 3.4 Content Analysis 4 Discussion and Future Research 5 Conclusions and Limitations References Social Responsibility in Digital Context and Consumer Behavior: The Case of Kuwait 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Digital Social Responsibility 3 Digital Marketing 4 Consumer Purchasing Behavior 5 Research Gaps 6 Research Model 6.1 Population and Sample 7 Data Analysis and Discussion 8 Conclusion 9 The Contribution of the Research 10 Recommendations and Future Research References The Death of Business as Usual: The Impact of VUCA on the Sustainability of SMEs 1 Introduction 2 Research Approach 2.1 Question Formulation 2.2 Location of Studies 3 Insights 3.1 Definition of Sustainability of SMEs 3.2 Definition of VUCA 3.3 Current Methods of Mitigating VUCA 3.4 Potential Solutions to VUCA for SMEs 3.5 New Tools 3.6 Skill Areas 3.7 New Leadership Model 4 Synthesis and Discussion 4.1 Implications for Future Research 4.2 Significance in the SME Business Education Sector Appendix: Matrix of Research Terms and Analysis References Organizing an Innovation Ecosystem by Integrating Customers and Start-Ups: The NTT-Data Open Innovation Contest Case 1 Introduction 2 Corporation Start-Up Collaboration: Models and Critical Points 3 Case Study: NTT-Data Italia 3.1 An Innovation Model with Three Actors: The Innovation Empowerment Model 4 The Open Innovation Contest 4.1 Steps of the Open Innovation Contest 4.2 The Role of the Internal Discovery Database 4.3 What Happens After the Contest 4.4 Results 4.5 Risks Arising from Start-Up Collaboration 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Challenges of Cyber Security in Insurance Business 1 Introduction 2 Cyber Security in Insurance Companies 3 Managing Cyber Risks 4 Cyber Insurance 5 Conclusion References Normalizing Digitization Into a New 5.0 Equilibrium. Insights from Socio-Ecological Systems 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 The Fourth or the Fifth: Which Revolution? 2.2 Socio-Ecological Systems (SESs) Behavior: Insights from Resilience Theory 3 Methodology 4 Discussion: Reframing Industry 5.0 Evolution Under SESs Logic 5 Implications and Conclusions References Smart Cities and Communities Mapping the Research Landscape of Social and Cultural Impacts on Smart Cities 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Data and Method 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Topic Discovery on Sustainable Smart City Development 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Data Collection 2.2 Text Mining and Topic Classification 3 Results 3.1 Classification of Literature Topics Between 2017 and 2021 4 Conclusion References Privacy and Smart Cities: A Bibliometric Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Data and Methods 3 Results and Discussions 3.1 Privacy Challenges of Cloud Computing Adoption for Smart Cities Applications 3.2 Blockchain, IoT and Privacy 3.3 Challenges to Citizens’ Privacy 3.4 Securing Smart City Applications 3.5 Smart Mobility 3.6 Data Encryption 4 Conclusions References The Dimensions of Digital Sustainable Development in Smart Villages: A Case Study Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Conceptual Background 2.1 Smart Villages 2.2 Digital Sustainable Development 3 Research Design 3.1 Case Selection 4 Findings 4.1 Vaishali District of Bihar in India 4.2 Wakiso District in Uganda 4.3 Wiązownica-Kolonia in Poland 4.4 Olopa in Guatemala 5 Discussion 5.1 Digital Literacy 5.2 Equality, Harmony, and Self-determination 6 Conclusions References Characterization of the Citizen Profile in the Context of the Smart Society 1 Introduction 2 Moving Towards the Smart Society 3 Defining the New Profile of the Citizen in the Context of the Smart Society 3.1 Public Dimension 3.2 Cultural Dimension 3.3 Economic Dimension 3.4 Technological Dimension 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Overcoming the Tipping Point Through Service Innovation. An Overview of the Smart City 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 2.1 Smart Cities 2.2 Service Ecosystem Phase Transition 3 Critical Review of the Literature 3.1 Integrating: Phase Transition in Smart Cities as Service Ecosystems 4 Service Innovation to Design Smart Cities Able to Get Better of Unforeseen Changes 5 Illustration Case: Digital Twin Cities to Enable Actors to Overcome the Energy Crisis 6 Non-conclusive Considerations References Human-Centric Solutions and AI in the Smart City Context: The Industry 5.0 Perspective 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Healthcare 2.2 Waste Management 2.3 Citizens Privacy Protection 3 Conceptual Model 4 Conclusions and Future Directions References 3D Printing for Smart Urbanism: Towards City Livability 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 3 Smart Cities and Livability—Literature Review 4 The Eco-Oriented Technique 4.1 3D Printing (Definition and Application) 4.2 3D Printing Eliminate Construction-Related Obstacles 4.3 Application of 3D Printing in Smart Urbanism for City Livability 4.4 Affecting Factors in Applying 3D Printing 5 3DP Integration with BIM 6 Conclusion References The Role of Park Cooling Island (PCI) in Mitigating Urban Heat Island (UHI) 1 Introduction 2 Materials and Methods 3 Urban Heat Island UHI and Park Cooling Island PCI 3.1 Urban Park Elements 3.2 The Surrounding Pattern 4 Types of Urban Heat Island 5 Role of Parks in Mitigating UHI 6 Proposed Guidelines 7 Experimental Simulation 8 Discussion 9 Conclusions References Solving the Mobility Problem Through Telework 1 Introduction 2 Literary Review 3 Problem Statement 4 Methodology 4.1 Analysis of Results 4.2 Impact of Teleworking on the Number of People in Vehicles and CO2 Emissions 5 Conclusions 6 Annex A References The Role of Mayadeen (Roundabouts) in City Branding: The Case of Jeddah 1 Introduction 1.1 Introduction 1.2 Methodology 1.3 Literature Review 1.4 Analytical Case Study: “Medan Al-Tahrir”—Cairo, Egypt 2 Empirical Part 2.1 Stage One, Data Collection “Online Questionnaire” 2.2 Stage Two: Expert Interviews 3 Discussion of Findings 3.1 Conclusion of the Research References Addressing Urban Floods and Water Scarcity in Cities: The Case of Hyderabad 1 Introduction 2 Research Question 3 Research Objectives 4 Research Methodology 5 Study Area 6 Literature Review 6.1 Urban Floods 6.2 Water Scarcity 6.3 Managing Waste Overflow and Non-utilized Floodwater 7 Water Supply Resources of Hyderabad 8 Diminishing Water Resources 9 Water–Demand and Supply for Hyderabad 10 The Diversified Scenario of Hyderabad City 11 Initiatives to Preserve Water Bodies of Hyderabad City 12 Peoples Participation for Saving the Urban Lakes 13 Infrastructural Recommendations to Fight Water Scarcity in Hyderabad 13.1 Construction of Under-Ground Water Reservoir [UGWR] 13.2 Networking Percolation/Rainwater Harvesting Pits to UGWR 13.3 Construction of Emergency Water Tanks/Sumps with Public Participation References Intelligent Control (Management) for Technology Transfer to Have Best Smart City Performance 1 Introduction 2 Technology Transfer Models for Better Smart City Performance 3 Models of Technology Transfer for Smart City Performance 4 Barriers for Technology Transfer in Having Better Smart City Performance 5 Policy Recommendations and Conclusions References Education in Times of Shocks, Crises and Uncertainty The US Education System, the Complex Stressors, and the Power of Humanistic Leadership 1 Introduction 2 A Global Teaching Perspective 3 Complex Contextual Stressors Within US Education 3.1 The Persisting Impacts of Covid-19 3.2 Gun Violence in Schools 4 Stress-Effects on US Teachers and Administrators 5 Humanistic Leadership as a Pathway Forward 6 Discussion and Recommendations 7 Conclusion References The Evolution of Education in Amazonian Indigenous Communities: A Post-Covid Perspective 1 Introduction 1.1 Context of the Investigation 2 Literature Review 3 Methodology 3.1 Participants 3.2 Instrument 3.3 Procedure 3.4 Data Analysis 4 Results 5 Conclusions Notes References Rise Up: Development and Influencers of Entrepreneurial Intentions Among Latvian Secondary School Students 1 Introduction 2 Background 3 Methods 4 Findings 4.1 Do Adolescents Want to Become Entrepreneurs? 4.2 What Factors Influenced Students’ Attitudes Towards Becoming Entrepreneurs? 5 Conclusions References From Integration to Inclusion in the Italian Primary School. Implementing Innovative Practices in the Class-room Context 1 Introduction 2 Historical and Regulatory Background 3 The Case Study 3.1 Method 3.2 Brief Presentation of the Context 4 Situation A Analysis 5 Situation B Analysis 6 Conclusions and Future Steps References Bridging Sustainable Higher Education and Metaverse During the Post-pandemic Era: Highlights from a Multiple Case Study 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review: Digital Technologies for a Sustainable Education 3 Research Design: A Multiple Case Study Approach 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusions References Architecture Education: Rubrics in Google Classroom as a Tool of Improving the Assessment and Learning 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Types of Rubrics 2.2 Benefits of Using Rubrics 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Construction of Rubrics 4 Findings and Discussion 4.1 Questionnaire Analysis 5 Conclusion References A Critical Review on the Various Issues and Challenges of Virtual Pedagogy in Architecture Education 1 Introduction 2 Issues and Challenges of Virtual Pedagogy 3 Methodology 4 Findings and Discussions 5 Conclusion References Enhancing Marketing Education: Experimenting Learning by Doing Method in Operational Marketing 1 Introduction 2 Conceptualizing 2.1 Learning by Doing 2.2 John Dewey and Leaning by Doing 2.3 Group Project as Learning by Doing Teaching Methods 2.4 The Definition of Soft Skills 3 Overview of the Group Research Project 4 Research Methods 4.1 Central Problem 4.2 Action Research as a Methodological Approach 4.3 Our Project 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Learning by Doing as a Teaching Method Leads to Better Learning Outcomes in Operational Marketing Discipline 5.2 Learning by Doing Method Allows Marketing Students to Acquire Soft Skills 5.3 Students Get the Opportunity to Generate and Develop Their Sense of Innovation and Creativity Through Learning by Doing 6 Conclusion References Critical Thinking Skills on the Labour Markets—Comparative Analysis of Online Job Postings in Italy and Poland 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Findings 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions Appendix References Profiling Soft Skills in the Labour Market: The Case of Communication 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 Results 4 Conclusions References The Managerial Skills in Complex Systems: An Integrated Approach to Learning Process 1 Introduction 2 The Metamorphoses of the Learning Process 3 Activating Knowledge Through Experiential Training 4 Activating Knowledge Through Experiential Training 5 Conclusion 6 Implications References Innovation, Innovation Management and Policymaking in the Era of Industry 5.0 Towards Innovation 5.0: The Role of Corporate Entrepreneurship 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Corporate Entrepreneurship 2.2 Innovation 3 Methodology 4 Findings 5 Conclusion 5.1 Corporate Entrepreneurship and Innovation 5.0 5.2 Limitations References Innovative Solution Bundling–Unbundling: A Paradox in the Digital Era 1 Introduction 2 Analyzing Innovation Decisions Within the S-D Logic Theoretical Framework 2.1 Resources, Service, and Value 2.2 Innovation and Institutionalization 2.3 Innovation Decisions: Solution Unbundling Versus Bundling 2.4 Value Co-creation Dynamics 3 Effect of Digitalization on Institutionalization and Service 3.1 Digitalization and Solution Bundling/Unbundling 3.2 Solution Bundling-Unbundling Paradox 4 Implications and Non-conclusive Considerations References Placing China’s Green Technology Innovation in a Context 1 Green Technology: What is in the Term?—An Introduction 2 How to Explain China’s Turn to Green Technology?—From High Speed to High Quality Development Model 3 China’s Green Technology Performance in International Comparison 3.1 Green Technologies Development, as a Percentage of All Technologies 3.2 Relative Advantages 3.3 Green Technology Patents Per Capita 3.4 International Collaboration 3.5 Diffusion of Environment-Related Technologies 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Riding the Innovation Wave Solo—Does Industry 5.0 in the Pharmaceutical Sector Make Companies More Independent Than Ever? 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review and Conceptual Approach 2.1 Innovation Crisis in the Pharmaceutical Industry 2.2 Industry 4.0 and Industry 5.0 2.3 Innovation in the New Era: Innovation Ecosystems 3 Research Methodology 4 Results 4.1 Industry 5.0 Shift in the Pharma Industry 4.2 Innovation Ecosystems in the Pharma Industry 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References China and Its Market-Oriented Green Technology Innovation System: The Rationale, the Mechanisms, and the Policymaking Process 1 Introduction and Background 2 Methodology 3 Motivation Analysis 4 Policy Analysis of a Market-Oriented Green-Technology Innovation System 4.1 Main Policies 4.2 Interpretation of the “Guidelines” 4.3 Implementation Mechanism 5 Conclusion References Supporting the Implementation of the SDGs Through a Blockchain-Based Platform: The Case of Italy 1 Introduction 2 The Main Concepts of the Study 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Systematic Literature Review 3.2 Thematic Analysis Method 4 The Theoretical Model to Support the Implementation of the SDGs 5 Research Findings and Discussion 6 The Proposed Platform to Implement the SDGs 7 Conclusion 8 Limitations and Future Research References Sentiment and Deep Learning Content Analysis of a Digital Fan Token Platform: An Exploratory Study 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Fan Engagement and Consumers’ Online Brand-Related Activities’ 2.2 Theoretical Framework: Uses and Gratification Theory 2.3 Fan Tokens, Literature Gap and Research Questions 3 Methodology and Analysis Techniques 4 Findings and Discussions 4.1 Sentiment Analysis (RQ1) 4.2 Content Analysis (RQ2) 4.3 Discussions 5 Conclusions 5.1 Implications, Limitations, and Future Agenda References Explaining China's Pivots and Priorities Through the Aerospace Industry Development Strategy 1 Introduction 2 The Methodological and Conceptual Approach 3 By Means of Literature Review: Contextualizing China’s Aerospace Industry 4 The Making of China’s Aerospace Industry and Development Strategy 4.1 China’s Aerospace Industry Development 4.2 The Institutional Framework 4.3 Actors, Mechanisms, Structures: A Network Approach to China’s Aerospace Industry 5 Discussion 6 Conclusions References Identification and Definition of the New Leadership Paradigm in Industry 4.0 1 Introduction 2 Traditional Definitions and Concepts of Leadership 3 Contemporary Approaches to Leadership 4 Leadership 4.0 5 Leadership 4.0—Foundations of an Empirical Matrix 6 Discussion References The Use of Technology Enhancing Tourist Engagement at an Archaeological Site: A Cross-Cultural Analysis 1 Introduction 1.1 Consumer Engagement in the Era of Industry and Society 5.0 2 Literature Review 2.1 Tourist Engagement (TE) 2.2 Future Usage of Technology (FUT) as Consequence of TE 3 Methodology 3.1 Data Collection 3.2 On Field Research 3.3 Data Analysis 4 Findings 5 Discussions 6 Conclusion 6.1 Implications, Limitations and Future Research Appendix 1 Appendix 2 References Reinforcing Tourism Post-pandemic Through a Natural Language Processing Data Analysis 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 3 Materials and Methods 3.1 Data Collection 3.2 Data Preprocessing 3.3 Classification Algorithm 4 Results 4.1 Text Classification 4.2 Text and Sentiment Analysis 5 Conclusions References Impact of Personalized Reward Options on Crowdfunding Financing Performance in Industry 5.0 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Foundation 3 Research Data and Methodology 3.1 Research Data 3.2 Methodology 3.3 Econometric Models 4 Results and Discussion 5 Conclusion References Stereotypes and Prejudices as Factors Limiting the Cultural and Social Assimilation of Arab Citizens in Poland 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Implications—Myths and Facts About the Population of Arabs and Muslims in Poland 3 Stereotypes and Prejudices as Factors Limiting the Cultural and Social Assimilation of the Population of Arab and Muslim Citizens in Poland 4 Conclusions References The Role of Business Leaders in Industry 5.0 1 Introduction 2 State of the Art 2.1 Industry 5.0 2.2 Leadership 3 Methodology 4 Leadership 5.0 5 Discussion 6 Practical Implication 7 Conclusions and Future Direction References Rethinking the HR Role: How Digital Transformation is Changing HR Departments 1 Introduction 2 How Digital Transformation is Changing the HR Department 3 HR Analytics: A New Tool for HR Departments 4 Conclusions References Using Markers to Refine GPS Positioning for Augmented Reality Warehouse Navigation 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 2.1 Process and Output 2.2 Measurement Conditions 3 Testing the Range Distance 4 Results 5 Discussion 6 Conclusion References Industry 5.0: Towards Human Centered Design in Human Machine Interaction 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 2.1 Human Behavior Prediction 2.2 Human-Robot Collaboration 3 Research Method 4 Conceptual Model 4.1 Overall Performance 5 Conclusions and Future Work References The Science of Trust in Science: COVID-19 and Its Implications for “Trust” 1 Introduction 2 Method 3 Results 3.1 Quantitative Synthesis 3.2 Results’ Analysis 4 Conclusions References How Explainable Is Explainability? Towards Better Metrics for Explainable AI 1 Introduction 2 Evaluating xAI 3 The Two Approaches to Evaluating Explainable AI 3.1 Human-Centred Explanation Evaluation Methods 3.2 Computer-Centred Explanation Evaluation Methods 3.3 Human-Centered versus Computer-Centered Evaluation 4 Towards Improved Metrics 5 Conclusions References Serverless Edge Providers for AI Applications 1 Introduction 2 Literature Review 2.1 Society 5.0 2.2 Serverless Edge Computing 2.3 Serverless Edge Providers 3 Methodology 4 Findings 5 Proposal 6 Conclusions References Barriers to the Digital-Based Environmental Accountability of Local Governments 1 Introduction 2 LGs Environmental Accountability 3 LGs Digital-Based Accountability 4 Research Design 4.1 Method 4.2 Data Collection and Analysis 5 Results and Discussion 5.1 Unfreezing 5.2 Changing and Refreezing 6 Conclusions References ICT and the Medicine and Healthcare Cluster Reducing Medical Errors via Data Mining Techniques: A Structured Literature Review and Future Research Agenda 1 Background 2 Methodology 3 Preliminary Findings 3.1 Evolution in Time, Top Journals, and Authors 3.2 Geographical Distribution of Articles 3.3 Keyword Analysis 3.4 Bibliographic Coupling Analysis 4 Discussions and Implications 5 Conclusions References Advances in Human Body Modelling to Improve the Treatment of Obesity and Overweight 1 Introduction 2 Visualizing the Evolution of the Body Shape 2.1 3D Method to Capture Human Body 2.2 3D Body Shapes Over Time 2.3 Effectiveness of Visualization 3 Predicting the Shape Evolution 3.1 Obtaining 3D Body Models from Portable Devices 3.2 Body Shape Prediction Models 4 Conclusions References Meta-Learning on Clinical Data for Diagnosis Support Systems: A Systematic Review 1 Introduction 2 Methods 2.1 Eligibility Criteria 2.2 Information Sources 2.3 Selection Process 2.4 Data Collection Process 3 Results 3.1 Study Selection 3.2 Selected Studies 4 Discussion 5 Conclusions References Feature Extraction and Selection Applied to Bone Radiographs in Traumatological Surgical Procedures: A Quasi-Survey 1 Introduction 2 Methodology 3 The Use of Features Extraction and Features Selection 4 Artificial Intelligence Model Proposal and Its Benefits 5 Conclusion and Future Works References Scaling Agility in Large Software Development Projects: A Systematic Literature Review 1 Introduction 2 Research Methodology 2.1 Planning the Literature Review 2.2 Conducting the Literature Review 2.3 Documenting the Literature Review (Stage 7) 3 Results 3.1 What Are the Most Cited Scaling Agility Approaches Within the Software Development Domain (SRQ1) 3.2 What Are the Attributed Benefits of Scaling Agility Practices Within the Software Development Domain (SRQ2) 3.3 What Are Some of the Attributed Challenges Obstructing the Upscale of Agility Within the Software Development Domain (SRQ3) 4 Discussion and Conclusion Notes References Framework Proposal for Strategic Factor Analysis Driven by Design 1 Introduction 2 Description of the ASPECT Tool Elements 3 Results and Discussion: 124 Trends Classified in the Six ASPECT Fields 4 Conclusions References Correction to: Platform Enterprises and SMEs: A Bibliometrics Analysis Correction to: Chapter 4 in: A. Visvizietal. (eds.), Research and Innovation Forum 2023, Springer Proceedings in Complexity, https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44721-1_4 Author Index