Renouncing the World Yet Leading the Church : The Monk-Bishop in Late Antiquity

Although an ascetic ideal of leadership had both classical and biblical roots, it found particularly fertile soil in the monastic fervor of the fourth through sixth centuries. Church officials were increasingly recruited from monastic communities, and the monk-bishop became the dominant model of ecclesiastical leadership in the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium. In an interesting paradox, Andrea Sterk explains that "from the world-rejecting monasteries and desert hermitages of the east came many of the most powerful leaders in the church and civil society as a whole." Sterk explores the social, political, intellectual, and theological grounding for this development. Focusing on four foundational figures--Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory of Nazianzus, and John Chrysostom--she traces the emergence of a new ideal of ecclesiastical leadership: the merging of ascetic and episcopal authority embodied in the monk-bishop. She also studies church histories, legislation, and popular ascetic and hagiographical literature to show how the ideal spread and why it eventually triumphed. The image of a monastic bishop became the convention in the Christian east. Renouncing the World Yet Leading the Church brings new understanding of asceticism, leadership, and the church in late antiquity. (20041101) Although an Ascetic Ideal of leadership had both classical and biblical roots, it found particularly fertile soil in the monastic fervor of the fourth through sixth centuries. Church officials were increasingly recruited from monastic communities, and the monk-bishop became the dominant model of ecclesiastical leadership in the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium. In an interesting paradox. Andrea Sterk explains that "from the world-rejecting monasteries and desert hermitages of the east came many of the most powerful leaders in the church and civil society as a whole." Sterk explores the social, political, intellectual, and theological grounding for this development. Focusing on four foundational figures -- Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, Gregory of Nazianzus, and John Chrysostom -- she traces the emergence of a new ideal of ecclesiastical leadership: the merging of ascetic and episcopal authority embodied in the monk-bishop. She also studies church histories, legislation, and popular ascetic and hagiographical literature to show how the ideal spread and why it eventually triumphed. The image of a monastic bishop became the convention in the Christian east. Renouncing the World Yet Leading the Church brings new understanding of asceticism, leadership, and the church in late antiquity. Contents......Page 8 Introduction......Page 10 I. Basil of Caesarea and the Emergence of an Ideal ......Page 20 1. Monks and Bishops in the Christian East from 325 to 375......Page 22 2. Asceticism and Leadership in the Thought of Basil of Caesarea......Page 44 3. Reframing and Reforming the Episcopate: Basil's Direct Influence......Page 75 II. The Development of an Ideal ......Page 102 4. Gregory of Nyssa: On Basil, Moses, and Episcopal Office......Page 104 5. Gregory of Nazianzus: Ascetic Life and Episcopal Office in Tension......Page 128 6. John Chrysostom: The Model Monk-Bishop in Spite of Himself......Page 150 III. The Triumph of an Ideal ......Page 170 7. From Nuisances to Episcopal Ideals: Civil and Ecclesiastical Legislation......Page 172 8. Normalizing the Model: The Fifth-Century Church Histories......Page 187 9. The Broadening Appeal: Monastic and Hagiographical Literature......Page 201 Epilogue: The Legacy of the Monk-Bishop in the Byzantine World......Page 228 Abbreviations......Page 256 Notes......Page 258 Frequently Cited Works......Page 357 Index......Page 360 In the 4th-6th centuries, the monk-bishop became the dominant model of ecclesiastical leadership in the eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium. Andrea Sterk explores the social, political intellectual and theological grounding for this development Andrea Sterk. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 249-350) And Index.