Renewable Hydrogen: Renewable Energy and Renewable Hydrogen APAC Markets Policies Analysis (Business Analytics)

Hydrogen has recently become a popular topic and is often described as the missing link to a successful green energy transition. However, hydrogen can only contribute to a carbon-free future if it is produced from renewable energy. The ability to produce renewable hydrogen is linked to the renewable energy production capacity, which is itself conditioned by the underpinning renewable energy policies. This publication offers a review and an analysis of the renewable energy and hydrogen policies of five countries of the APAC markets: Australia, China, Japan, South-Korea and Taiwan. The review is complemented by interviews of renewable energy policy experts, renewable energy project developers and potential renewable hydrogen off-takers. Altogether, the policies analysis and experts' inputs provide a comprehensive overview of the status, drivers, limitations, and recommendations for the use of renewable hydrogen as a solution for deep decarbonization. Finally, the author proposes a method to assess the potential of renewable hydrogen to decarbonize hard-to-abate industries (ammonia, methanol, oil refining and steel manufacturing) based on existing renewable energy policies. About the Author Matthieu Jaunatre holds a Master of Environmental Engineering and a Master of Business Administration. He has over 15 years of experience in nuclear and renewable new build projects development and execution. He currently heads the QHSE function of an offshore wind market leader Contents Abbreviations List of Figures List of Tables 1 Introduction 1.1 The Definition of the Problem Statement 1.2 The Objectives of the Research 1.3 The Research Question 1.4 The Delineation of the Research Scope 2 The Research Concept 2.1 The Purpose of Research 2.2 The Research Philosophy 2.3 The Research Approach 2.4 The Research Instruments 2.4.1 Documentation Review 2.4.2 Expert Interview 2.4.3 The Survey of the Case Studies 2.4.4 Target Populations/Sampling 2.4.5 Samples of Expert Interviews 2.4.6 Samples of Case Studies 2.4.7 Data Collection and Analysis 2.5 The Renewable Hydrogen Framework 2.6 Access, Privacy, Confidentiality, and Ethics 2.7 Limitations, Risks, and Assumptions 3 Practical Literature Review for Establishing the Current Renewable Hydrogen Framework 3.1 The Renewable Energy Offer 3.1.1 Australia 3.1.2 China 3.1.3 Japan 3.1.4 South Korea 3.1.5 Taiwan 3.2 The Policy Instruments Supporting the APAC Renewable Energy Development 3.2.1 The Auctions and Renewable Energy Policy Instruments 3.2.2 The Renewable Policy Instruments of Australia 3.2.3 The Renewable Policy Instruments of China 3.2.4 The Renewable Policy Instruments of Japan 3.2.5 The Renewable Policy Instruments of South Korea 3.2.6 The Renewable Policy Instruments of Taiwan 3.3 The Review of APAC Hydrogen Policy Landscape 3.3.1 Australia 3.3.2 China 3.3.3 Japan 3.3.4 South Korea 3.3.5 Taiwan 4 Scientific Literature Review for Establishing the Status of the Research of the Renewable Hydrogen Framework 4.1 The Link Between Renewable Energy and Hydrogen 4.2 The Review of Hydrogen Production Processes 4.2.1 The Production of Hydrogen from Fossil Fuels 4.2.2 The Production of Hydrogen from Renewable Energy with the Power-to-Gas Technology 4.3 The Use of Fossil Fuel-Based hydrogen in the Industry 4.3.1 The Production of Ammonia 4.3.2 The Production of Methanol 4.3.3 The Oil Refining 4.3.4 The Manufacturing of Steel 4.4 The Substitution of Fossil-Fuel Based Hydrogen by Renewable Hydrogen 4.5 The Underpinning Policy Framework 4.5.1 The Drivers and Limitations of the Current Policy Framework 4.5.2 The Recommendations for Policy Development 5 Empirical Research for Establishing the Potential of Renewable Hydrogen for Decarbonising the Industrial Sectors Using Fossil Fuel-Based Hydrogen Within the APAC Markets 5.1 Evaluation of the Literature Review Findings Regarding the Role of Hydrogen in the Energy Transition 5.1.1 The Renewable Energy Offer 5.1.2 The Hydrogen Demand 5.1.3 The Policy Instruments 5.1.4 The Planning of the Next Steps of the Empirical Research Based on the Conclusions of the Documentation Review 5.2 Expert Interviews for Providing Additional Inputs to the Literature Review Findings 5.2.1 The Process of Identifying the Interviewees 5.2.2 The Profiles of the Interviewees 5.2.3 The Design and Contents of the Interview Guides 5.2.4 The Organisation and Realisation of the Interviews 5.2.5 The Main Findings of the Interviews 5.2.6 The Concluding Remarks Based on the Interview Findings 5.3 Case Studies for Determining the Potential of Renewable Hydrogen for Decarbonising the Industrial Sectors Using Fossil Fuel-Based Hydrogen within the APAC Markets 5.3.1 Determining the Renewable Energy offer 5.3.2 Determining the Hydrogen Demand 5.3.3 Determining the Potential for Decarbonisation 6 Results 6.1 The Results of the Study Case Australia 6.1.1 The Current Decarbonisation Potential of Australia 6.1.2 The 2030 Decarbonisation Potential of Australia 6.1.3 The Decarbonisation Potential of Australia Using its Technical Potential of Renewable Energy 6.1.4 The concluding remarks regarding the impact of renewable energy policies on Australia industry decarbonisation 6.2 The Results of the Study Case China 6.2.1 The Current Decarbonisation Potential of China 6.2.2 The 2030 Decarbonisation Potential of China 6.2.3 The Decarbonisation Potential of China Using its Technical Potential of Renewable Energy 6.2.4 The Concluding Remarks Regarding the Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on China Industry Decarbonisation 6.3 The Results of the Study Case Japan 6.3.1 The Current Decarbonisation Potential of Japan 6.3.2 The 2030 Decarbonisation Potential of Japan 6.3.3 The Decarbonisation Potential of Japan Using its Technical Potential of Renewable Energy 6.3.4 The Concluding Remarks Regarding the Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on Japan Industry Decarbonisation 6.4 The Results of the Study case South-Korea 6.4.1 The Current Decarbonisation Potential of South-Korea 6.4.2 The 2030 Decarbonisation Potential of South-Korea 6.4.3 The Decarbonisation Potential of South-Korea Using its Technical Potential of Renewable Energy 6.4.4 The Concluding Remarks Regarding the Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on South-Korea Industry Decarbonisation 6.5 The Results of the Study Case Taiwan 6.5.1 The Current Decarbonisation Potential of Taiwan 6.5.2 The 2025 Decarbonisation Potential of Taiwan 6.5.3 The Decarbonisation Potential of Taiwan Using its Technical Potential of Renewable Energy 6.5.4 The Concluding Remarks Regarding the Impact of Renewable Energy Policies on Taiwan Industry Decarbonisation 7 Discussion 8 Conclusion References