Remediation of petroleum contaminated soils : biological, physical, and chemical processes

Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils: Biological, Physical, and Chemical Processes provides exceptional coverage of information essential for the remediation of soils contaminated by petroleum products. Every aspect of in situ and ex situ bioremediation is discussed. Chemical and physical processes in current use are presented. Not only are the processes for treating the contaminated soils described, but also those for dealing with contaminated leachates and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulting from the contamination incident or from the treatment processes themselves. Read more... Content: Sect. 1. Introduction -- Sect. 2. Current Treatment Technologies -- Sect. 3. Biodegradation/Mineralization/Biotransformation/Bioaccumulation of Petroleum Constituents and Associated Heavy Metals -- Sect. 4. Factors Affecting Biodegradation in Soil-Water Systems -- Sect. 5. Optimization of Bioremediation -- Sect. 6. Volatile Organic Compounds in Petroleum Products -- Sect. 7. Monitoring Bioremediation -- Sect. 8. Treatment Trains. Abstract: Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils: Biological, Physical, and Chemical Processes provides exceptional coverage of information essential for the remediation of soils contaminated by petroleum products. Every aspect of in situ and ex situ bioremediation is discussed. Chemical and physical processes in current use are presented. Not only are the processes for treating the contaminated soils described, but also those for dealing with contaminated leachates and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) resulting from the contamination incident or from the treatment processes themselves References......Page 1 1.2 Biodegradation as a Treatment Alternative......Page 74 1.3 Combined Technologies......Page 76 2.1 On-Site or Ex Situ Processes......Page 78 2.1.1.1.1 Thermal Treatment......Page 79 2.1.1.1.2 Incineration......Page 82 2.1.1.1.3 Soil Washing......Page 83 2.1.1.1.6 Supercritical Fluid SCF Oxidation......Page 84 2.1.1.1.10 Encapsulation......Page 85 3.2 Organic Compounds......Page 187 3.2.1 Aerobic Degradation......Page 195 3.2.1.1 Degradation of Alkanes......Page 200 Section 4: Factors Affecting Biodegradation in Soil-Water Systems......Page 271 4.1.1 Chemical Solubility......Page 272 4.1.3 Dispersion and Diffusion......Page 275 5.1 Variation of Soil Factors......Page 291 6.1 Emissions Produced from Soil Contamination......Page 388 6.1.2 Human Health Criteria......Page 393 6.2 Parameters Affecting Volatilization......Page 394 6.2.1 Temperature......Page 395 6.2.4 Soil Moisture/Volumetric Water Content......Page 396 6.3.4.1 Combustion/Incineration......Page 434 6.3.4.1.1 Thermal Incinerators......Page 435 6.3.4.1.3 Catalytic Incinerators......Page 436 6.3.4.2 Condensation......Page 440 6.3.4.4.2 Plate Columns......Page 443 7.1 Microbial Counts......Page 453 7.1.1.6 INT Activity Test......Page 455 7.1.1.11 Plate Counts......Page 456 7.1.1.12 Enrichment Techniques......Page 457 7.1.1.13 Fume Plate Method......Page 459 8.1.3 In Situ Biodegradation......Page 485 8.3.1 On Site/Ex Situ......Page 487 8.3.2 In Situ......Page 489 8.4 Examples of the Use of Treatment Trains......Page 490 REMEDIATION OF PETROLEUM CONTAMINATED SOILS......Page 499 Preface......Page 502 About the Author......Page 503 Acknowledgment......Page 504 Dedication......Page 505 Contents......Page 506 Term/Acronym Description......Page 514 Illustrations......Page 523 Tables......Page 525

This book combines the results of current research with essential background material to provide complete, in-depth coverage of every aspect of in situ and ex situ bioremediation, as well as an extensive overview of the physical and chemical processes currently available for treating petroleum-contaminated soils. Critical information has been collected and assembled under one cover to provide a convenient reference for anyone who must contend with this worldwide problem.
Remediation of Petroleum Contaminated Soils: Biological, Physical, and Chemical Processes describes how to optimize the biodegradation of petroleum hydrocarbons in soil-water systems. It reports on the susceptibility of various petroleum components to biodegradation by microorganisms, and considers all groups of microorganisms for their potential contributions. The book also deals with problem areas such as the transport of organisms, oxygen, or nutrients throughout the subsurface, as well as biodegradation of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and nonaqueous phase liquids (NAPLs). In addition, the book presents a variety of methods for monitoring bioremediation.
This reference discusses current soil remediation processes and includes many innovative approaches. It also investigates means of controlling volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and leachate, and addresses methods for collecting and treating these secondary waste streams. The expansive coverage of this book will furnish readers with a wide range of options for developing treatment strategies and for customizing procedures for specific requirements.

"...focuses on the most commonly occuring problems with jet fuels, gasoline, oils, & related petroleum products."