Remediating Transcultural Memory: Documentary Filmmaking as Archival Intervention (Media and Cultural Memory, 23)

The impact of digital global media, geopolitical changes and migration demands new theorizations within memory studies. Despite the growing field of media memory studies, the impact from film and media studies has been scarce within memory studies. This unique study offers new theorizations of three crucial concepts for media memory studies: remediation, transculturality and the archive. This book takes a closer look at the media specificity of archival footage and how it is adapted, translated and appropriated. In its original approach this work reflects upon the role of documentary film images for the construction of memory. By merging film and media studies with memory studies the work offers multiple theoretical and methodological approaches for everyone interested in the heritage of audiovisual media: film and media scholars, memory scholars, historians, art historians, social scientists, librarians or archivists, curators and festival programmers alike. Contents 10 1. Introduction 14 1.1 Mediated memories: the transcultural turn and its epistemological challenges 15 1.2 Memory communities and the audiovisual archive: whose memory is it? 19 1.3 Aims – Methods – Structure 27 2. Theory 34 2.1 Conceptualising transcultural and transnational memory 34 2.1.1 The notion of transculturality 34 2.1.2 Transculturality and its discontents 37 2.1.3 Transnational memory: using the insights of transnational film studies 40 2.1.4 Conclusion 45 2.2 The Archive 47 2.2.1 The archive in memory studies 47 2.2.2 Archive theory: power, knowledge and materiality 50 2.2.3 Archival interventions: remediation and curatorship 51 2.2.4 Conclusion: the archive as agent 53 2.3 Remediation 54 2.3.1 Remediation within media studies 54 2.3.2 Remediation within memory studies 58 2.3.3 Remediation and intermediality 59 2.3.4 Remediation and its discursive frameworks 62 3. Mediatized memories in a global age: the transcultural turn? 65 3.1 Remembering Turkish-German labor migration (Fatih Akin’s We Forgot to Go Back/Wir haben vergessen zurückzukehren) 66 3.1.1 Mediating the cultural memory of migration 70 3.1.2 Migrant memories and national frameworks 73 3.1.3 Countering essentialism: aesthetic strategies 75 3.1.3.1 Transnational urban spaces 79 3.1.3.2 Transnational sonic spaces 81 3.1.4 Migrant memories: transnational approaches 82 3.2 Transcultural memories: post-punk Manchester in times of urban regeneration 84 3.2.1 The memory boom around 1980s post-punk Manchester and its gender dimensions 90 3.2.2 Feminist filmmaking practice as intervention (Carol Morley’s The Alcohol Years) 96 3.2.3 Translating cultural memory: gentrification and subcultural nostalgia 103 3.2.4 Conclusion: multidirectional memories and the notion of transculturality 111 4. Reworking the archive 113 4.1 Archival interventions: excavating the cultural memory of video art and activism 118 4.1.1 The cultural legacy of video collectives: film historiography as memory work 122 4.1.2 The practice of the video collectives: production, distribution and exhibition 125 4.1.3 Archival practice in times of digitization 131 4.1.4 Conclusion: video collectives, archival politics and digitization 137 4.2 Filmmaking as archival intervention – reworking cultural memory in the essay film (Handsworth Songs) 139 4.2.1 Recoding news footage: television, whiteness and national memory 144 4.2.2 Sonic interventions – remixing cultural memory 153 4.2.3 The archive as inventory: traces and links 155 4.2.4 Conclusion: essay filmmaking, auteurism and canon formation 159 5. Remediation: reappropriations in digital media and in the essay film 162 5.1 Remediating the cultural memory of migration: reappropriating the audiovisual archive of the Windrush 164 5.1.1 Media specificity and the construction of the nation: The Pathé newsreel of the arrival of the Windrush (1948) and its Eurocentrism 165 5.1.2 Premediation and the discursive context of remediation 168 5.1.3 Digital archives of migration: reappropriating and reworking mediated memories on YouTube 171 5.1.4 Remediation and its discursive frameworks 178 5.2 Remediation and intermediality: media specificity and the discursive context (Looking for Langston) 179 5.2.1 Contemporising the past: intermediality and transtemporal dialogue 188 5.2.2 The discursive frameworks of media specificity: reworking photography 195 5.2.3 Discursive frameworks: the context of the 1980s 203 5.2.4 Remediating cultural memory: from ‘memory matter’ to mnemonic discourses 205 6. Conclusion – Mediated cultural memory in a digital age 207 6.1 Transculturality 208 6.2 The archive 210 6.3 Remediation 211 6.4 Outlook 213 Bibliography 216 Index of Names 252 Index of Titles 260 Index of Terms 264

Im Kontext der kulturwissenschaftlichen Gedächtnisforschung widmet sich diese interdisziplinär ausgerichtete Reihe dem Verhältnis von Medien und kultureller Erinnerung. Die hier vorgestellten Studien behandeln die ganze Bandbreite der durch Medien konstruierten, tradierten und verbreiteten Erinnerung. Schrift und Bild, das Kino und die ‘neuen’ digitalen Medien, Intermedialität, Transmedialität und Remediation sowie die sozialen, zunehmend transnationalen und transkulturellen, Kontexte der mediatisierten Erinnerung gehören zu den Forschungsinteressen der Reihe. Ziel ist es, eine internationale Plattform für die interdisziplinäre Medien- und Gedächtnisforschung zu schaffen. Eingereichte Manuskripte werden im peer review Verfahren durch externe Experten begutachtet.

Den Herausgebern, Astrid Erll (Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main) und Ansgar Nünning (Justus-Liebig-Universität Gießen) ist ein internationaler Beirat aus renommierten Wissenschaftlern assoziiert:

• Aleida Assmann (Universität Konstanz)
• Mieke Bal (University of Amsterdam)
• Vita Fortunati (University of Bologna)
• Richard Grusin (University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee)
• Udo Hebel (Universität Regensburg)
• Andrew Hoskins (University of Glasgow)
• Wulf Kansteiner (Binghamton University)
• Alison Landsberg (George Mason University)
• Claus Leggewie (Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen)
• Jeffrey Olick (University of Virginia)
• Susannah Radstone (University of South Australia)
• Ann Rigney (Utrecht University)
• Michael Rothberg (University of Illinois)
• Werner Sollors (Harvard University)
• Frederic Tygstrup (University of Copenhagen)
• Harald Welzer (Kulturwissenschaftliches Institut Essen)

COVER CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ABOUT THE AUTHOR INTRODUCTION PART I PRIVATE PRACTICE WITH CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE CHAPTER ONE Referral and assessment CHAPTER TWO Contracting and establishing the therapeutic frame CHAPTER THREE Setting up: creating a setting for therapy with children and young people CHAPTER FOUR Working with parents and families PART II ETHICAL ISSUES IN COUNSELLING CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE IN PRIVATE PRACTICE CHAPTER FIVE The law, ethical issues, and confidentiality CHAPTER SIX Working therapeutically with risk. PART III PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN PRIVATE PRACTICE WITH CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLECHAPTER SEVEN Referring on and working with other agencies CHAPTER EIGHT Training, supervision, and support networks PART IV WORKING WITH TECHNOLOGY IN PRIVATE PRACTICE WITH CHILDREN AND YOUNG PEOPLE CHAPTER NINE The impact of digital technology and communication APPENDIX Useful resources REFERENCES INDEX. Remediating Transcultural Memory offers a new approach to the study of mediated memories. It offers new theorizations of remediation, the archive and transculturality from the perspective of film and media studies. Drawing on contemporary debates in media and memory studies this innovative work examines documentary filmmaking, the essay film and YouTube clips as interventions into the audiovisual cultural heritage