Religion and the post-revolutionary mind : idéologues, Catholic traditionalists, and liberals in France

Examining the historical context of contemporary debates over the place of religion in civil society. __Religion and the Post-Revolutionary Mind__ demonstrates the central place religion occupied in the intellectual life of post-revolutionary France. Arthur McCalla gives nuance and context to the debates over the role of religion between Idéologues, Catholic Traditionalists, and Liberals. "The French Revolution swept away the Old Regime along with many of its ideas about epistemology, history, society, and politics. In the intellectual ferment that followed, debates about religion figured prominently as diverse thinkers grappled with the philosophical and civil status of religion in a post-revolutionary age. Arthur McCalla demonstrates the central place of religion in the intellectual life of post-revolutionary France in Religion and the Post-Revolutionary Mind. Certain questions--What is the nature of religion? Does society rest on religious foundations? What ought to be the place of religion in society?--drew sustained attention from across the political spectrum. Idéologues viewed religion as error and sought to eradicate it through the promotion of secular values. Catholic Traditionalists understood religion as a body of revealed truths of supernatural origin that ought to be authoritative in all aspects of life. Liberals sought to replace Christian orthodoxy with a new public faith consonant with liberal values. But these blocs were not monolithic, and McCalla reveals the complexities of each one, as well as the dialogues and rivalries among them. The categories established by the concepts of religion these thinkers constructed continue to shape debates over liberationist critiques, liberal pluralism, laïcité, and political theology. The place of religion in civil society is again a matter of urgent debate. Religion and the Post-Revolutionary Mind provides essential historical context for thinking about the status of religion in the contemporary world."-- Provided by publisher The French Revolution swept away the Old Regime along with many of its ideas about epistemology, history, society, and politics. In the intellectual ferment that followed, debates about religion figured prominently as diverse thinkers grappled with the philosophical and civil status of religion in a post-revolutionary age. Arthur McCalla demonstrates the central place of religion in the intellectual life of post-revolutionary France in Religion and the Post-revolutionary Mind . Certain questions – What is the nature of religion? Does society rest on religious foundations? What ought to be the place of religion in society? – drew sustained attention from across the political spectrum. Idéologues viewed religion as error and sought to eradicate it through the promotion of secular values. Catholic Traditionalists understood religion as a body of revealed truths of supernatural origin that ought to be authoritative in all aspects of life. Liberals sought to replace Christian orthodoxy with a new public faith consonant with liberal values. But these blocs were not monolithic, and McCalla reveals the complexities of each one, as well as the dialogues and rivalries among them. The categories established by the concepts of religion these thinkers constructed continue to shape debates over liberationist critiques, liberal pluralism, laïcité , and political theology. The place of religion in civil society is again a matter of urgent debate. Religion and the Post-revolutionary Mind provides essential historical context for thinking about the status of religion in the contemporary world. Cover Copyright Contents Acknowledgments Dramatis Personae Introduction Part One A Liberationist Critique: The Idéologues 1 The Idéologues’ Science of Ideas 2 The Idéologues’ Critique of Religion 3 From Critique of Religion to Religious Policy Part Two Sociological Traditionalism: Louis de Bonald 4 Bonald’s Science of Society 5 Bonald’s History of Religions 6 Bonald and Restoration Policy Part Three Theological Traditionalism: Félicité de Lamennais and the Mennaisians 7 Lamennais’s Theological Traditionalism 8 The Mennaisian Science of Religions 9 Mennaisian Political Theology Part Four Statist Liberalism: Doctrinaires and Globistes 10 Rational Spiritualism 11 The Philosophical Status of Religion 12 The Civil Status of Religion Part Five Pluralist Liberalism: Benjamin Constant 13 Benjamin Constant and De la religion 14 Constant’s History of Religions 15 Liberal Pluralism’s Religion Part Six Orientalist Traditionalism: Ferdinand d’Eckstein 16 Eckstein’s Traditionalism 17 An Orientalist History of Religions 18 Eckstein’s Political Theology Conclusion Bibliography Index