Relating worlds of racism : dehumanisation, belonging, and the normativity of European whiteness

This international edited collection examines how racism trajectories and manifestations in different locations relate and influence each other. The book unmasks and foregrounds the ways in which notions of European Whiteness have found form in a variety of global contexts that continue to sustain racism as an operational norm resulting in exclusion, violence, human rights violations, isolation and limited full citizenship for individuals who are not racialised as White. The chapters in this book specifically implicate European Whiteness - whether attempting to reflect, negate, or obtain it - in social structures that facilitate and normalise racism. The authors interrogate the dehumanisation of Blackness, arguing that dehumanisation enables the continuation of racism in White dominated societies. As such, the book explores instances of dehumanisation across different contexts, highlighting that although the forms may be locally specific, the outcomes are continually negative for those racialised as Black. The volume is refreshingly extensive in its analyses of racism beyond Europe and the United States, including contributions from Africa, South America and Australia, and illuminates previously unexplored manifestations of racism across the globe.-- Provided by publisher Preface......Page 5 Part I: Racism and the Normativity of European Whiteness......Page 8 Part II: Racism and the Dehumanisation of the Imagined Black......Page 11 Contents......Page 16 Contributors......Page 19 List of Figures......Page 21 Part I: Racism and the Normativity of European Whiteness......Page 22 1: Looking for Race: Pigmented Pasts and Colonial Mentality in “Non Racial” Africa......Page 23 New Epistemologies of Race in Africa......Page 28 Quotidian Racial Signs and Colonial Mentality......Page 30 Spatial Racialism......Page 33 The Afterlives of Colonial Urban Racism......Page 37 Mimesis and More......Page 40 Race in the African Postcolonial Everyday......Page 41 Quotidian Racial Lexicons......Page 45 Conclusion......Page 48 References......Page 54 2: Practices “Odious Among the Northern and Western Nations of Europe”: Whiteness and Religious Freedom in the United States......Page 58 Religious Drug Use......Page 59 Animal Sacrifice......Page 68 Islamic Head-Coverings......Page 72 Conclusion......Page 77 Court Cases......Page 79 Books and Articles......Page 80 Introduction......Page 82 Creating a ‘Nation’......Page 84 The Exodus of the Hindu......Page 86 The Doctrine of Assimilability......Page 95 The Plague from the East......Page 99 Conclusion......Page 101 References......Page 105 Introduction......Page 107 Conventional Ideologies of Indigeneity and Blackness......Page 108 Culture Based Indigeneity......Page 112 Indigenous Articulation: We Gullah!......Page 116 Plantation Culture: Imaginaries of Blackness......Page 120 Conclusion: Inscripted Landscapes......Page 124 References......Page 126 Introduction......Page 130 Legacies of Soviet Modernity in Russian and East European Practices of Race......Page 133 Race Governance in the Baltic States......Page 139 Race and Racism in Belarus, Ukraine and Moldova......Page 143 Racialised Modernities in the Southern Caucasus......Page 146 Polyracism......Page 148 Conclusion......Page 151 References......Page 153 6: Mestizaje: The All-Inclusive Fiction......Page 157 Castas in Colonial Mexico......Page 159 Castas in Contemporary Mexico......Page 165 De castiza con indio, coyote......Page 168 El zapoteco......Page 170 El mazahua y los peregrinos......Page 171 Conclusion......Page 174 References......Page 177 7: Managing Racism on the Field in Australian Junior Sport......Page 181 Introduction......Page 182 Understanding Contemporary Racism in Australia......Page 183 Racism in Sport......Page 185 Methods......Page 188 Processes for Managing Racial Abuse......Page 189 Racial Abuse as a Legitimate Tactic......Page 196 Backlash, Singling Out and Scapegoating of Victims......Page 197 Discussion......Page 199 Conclusion......Page 201 References......Page 202 Introduction......Page 206 Polish Migration to Britain......Page 207 Polish Migration to Spain......Page 209 Race, Racism and Whiteness......Page 210 I’m White Until I Start Speaking......Page 215 I Am His Slave ...This Time I Am Black and He Is White......Page 218 White Youth Hostility Towards Poles......Page 220 Being with a Black Partner and a Mother of a Mixed-Race Child......Page 221 If You Are White from Poland ... They [Blacks]Listen to You......Page 222 Eastern European Others......Page 224 You Are Ours......Page 225 Conclusions......Page 226 References......Page 229 Part II: Racism and the Dehumanisation of the Imagined Black......Page 235 9: Black Is Not Beautiful: The German Myth of Race......Page 236 References......Page 253 Introduction......Page 258 Apartheid Under International Law......Page 259 The Category of “Race” in South Africa and Palestine......Page 262 The Role of Settler-Colonialism in the Construction of South African Apartheid and Zionist Rule in Israel......Page 265 Spatial Separation in South Africa and Israel......Page 268 Labour and the Project of Apartheid in South Africa and Zionism in Israel......Page 270 Challenging Apartheid: Local Responses in South Africa and Israel......Page 273 Conclusion......Page 274 References......Page 280 11: Gaza, Black Face and Islamophobia: Intersectionality of Race and Gender in (Counter-) Discourse in the Netherlands......Page 283 Gaza, Islamophobia and Really Dutch......Page 287 Black Face, Denied Racism and National Exclusion......Page 290 The F-Word, Intersectionality and Uneasy Unity......Page 296 Conclusion......Page 300 References......Page 307 Introduction......Page 311 What Is Grime?......Page 312 Grime’s Rise......Page 313 Binary......Page 314 Knowledge Power Respect......Page 315 Navigation......Page 319 Racism and Authenticity......Page 320 Commercial (Sell Out)......Page 321 Identity and Culture......Page 323 Sonic Explorers and Consumption......Page 325 White Visibility, Culture and Lacking......Page 327 Policing the Boundary: Don’t Eat Me!......Page 329 Options......Page 330 Conclusion......Page 331 References......Page 334 Introduction: “How Do ‘We’ Look”? (Young 2000, 416)......Page 340 Black Women in Their Body ... in Theory......Page 344 Captive-ating Bodies: Performance Anxiety and Embodied Resistance......Page 346 Serena Williams: Can You Be a Black Woman and Look Like This?......Page 348 Brittney Griner: Exposed! To Be Young, Black, Gifted, and Gay......Page 352 Living Out Loud......Page 357 Black Female Athletes in Defence of Themselves......Page 358 Closing Remarks: Black Female Athletes’ Enduring Struggle for Freedom......Page 359 References......Page 362 14: The Emergence of Race as a Social Category in Northern Europe......Page 367 Nordic Involvements in Race Biology......Page 368 The Increase of Populist Politics and Racist Rhetoric in the 2000s......Page 371 Different Fields of Anti-racism......Page 374 Online and in the Streets......Page 378 Conclusions: The Politics of Naming Racialized Relations......Page 383 References......Page 387 15: Peripheralised in the Periphery: Migration, Deportation, and Detainment in Ireland and Spain......Page 392 Migration, Peripheral “European-ness” and the Human Rights Economy......Page 397 Peripheralisation Through Detention......Page 403 Fast Tracks and Hot Returns......Page 408 Conclusion: The Price of Whiteness Is the Cost of Blackness......Page 411 References......Page 412 16: Blackness and Racial Mixture in Portland, Oregon and Esmeraldas, Ecuador......Page 420 Portland, Oregon......Page 422 Esmeraldas, Ecuador......Page 426 Esmeraldas......Page 428 Portland, Oregon......Page 435 Discussion......Page 439 References......Page 442 Index......Page 446