Regulatory Networks in Stem Cells (Stem Cell Biology and Regenerative Medicine)

This book ambitiously incorporates all the latest and essential subjects on molecular regulation in embryonic, tissue, and cancer stem cells. The chapter on pathology and therapy is also fairly informative. I highly appreciate rigorous effort by all the editors and contributors, and strongly recommend this book to experts as well as students - Dr. Shinya Yamanaka, Kyoto University, Japan This new volume provides a broad overview of the regulation of stem cell renewal and differentiation from a diverse panel of expert authors. The chapters cover a remarkable range of topics, from molecular biology and model systems to translational and clinical implications of stem cell research. The book will be useful to both students and experienced researchers in the field. - Dr. Martin Pera, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA. USA. The application of stem cell 'thinking' and stem cell science to the biology of development, to tissue homeostasis, and to the generation of cancers has resulted in the explosion of new experiments and new models over the past several years. The rate of knowledge accumulation exceeds the abilities of most scientists, and especially aging scientists, to digest by reading the primary literature. Here Rajasekhar and Vemuri have brought together essays and reviews by world leaders in all areas of stem cell research--tissue and organ [adult] stem and progenitor cells, cancer stem cells, classical embryonic pluripotent stem cells, and pluripotent stem cells derived by nuclear reprogramming of adult somatic mature cell nuclei. It even covers the fast breaking field of induced pluripotent stem [iPS] cells, somatic cells that were reprogrammed by the transfection of as little as 3 genes whose gene products can re-set the genome of a mature cell to that of a pluripotent cell. The potentials of all of these areas to study and begin to understand human developmental biology, to produce from patients with genetic diseases pluripotent stem cells that can make all of the cell types affected in the disease, and the obvious translational attempts with tissue and organ stem cells promises to make these approaches, and the reviews in this book, the center of research in regenerative medicine. The identification of cancer stem cell in those cancers that have them [not cancers of stem cells, but the intratumoral cell subset that regenerates the entire tumor while self-renewing] will certainly help provide targets for drug therapies and novel imaging agents in the identified signal transduction pathways they use; and immunotherapy targets by the novel proteins and peptides [at least]that are created by mutations, translocations, and splicing anomalies central to the oncogenic progression in these cancer stem cells. The book is an essential addition to the libraries of scientists and institutions that do and teach stem cell research. I commend the editors and authors for an excellent and exciting book. - Irv Weissman MD, Stanford University Front Matter....Pages i-xxi Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The Molecular Basis of Embryonic Stem Cell Self-Renewal....Pages 3-12 Asymmetric Behavior in Stem Cells....Pages 13-26 Determinants of Pluripotency in Mouse and Human Embryonic Stem Cells....Pages 27-36 Maintenance of Embryonic Stem Cell Pluripotency by Nanog-Mediated Dedifferentiation of Committed Mesoderm Progenitors....Pages 37-53 Human Embryonic Stem Cells and Germ Cell Development....Pages 55-66 Genomic Stability in Stem Cells....Pages 67-74 Genetic Manipulation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells....Pages 75-86 Transcriptional Networks Regulating Embryonic Stem Cell Fate Decisions....Pages 87-100 Use of Zebrafish to Dissect Gene Programs Regulating Hematopoietic Stem Cells....Pages 101-110 HOXB4 in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Regulation....Pages 111-122 Telomere and Telomerase for the Regulation of Stem Cells....Pages 123-134 The Role of Mitochondria in Stem Cell Biology....Pages 137-143 Front Matter....Pages 145-145 Stem Cells and Stem Cell Niches in Tissue Homeostasis: Lessons from the Expanding Stem Cell Populations of Drosophila ....Pages 147-154 Extrinsic and Intrinsic Control of Germline Stem Cell Regulation in the Drosophila Ovary....Pages 155-164 The Niche Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells....Pages 165-173 Environmental Signals Regulating Mesenchymal Progenitor Cell Growth and Differentiation....Pages 175-184 Microenvironmental Regulation of Adult Mesenchymal Stem Cells....Pages 185-210 Stem Cells, Hypoxia and Hypoxia-Inducible Factors....Pages 211-231 Front Matter....Pages 233-233 Stem Cell Epigenetics....Pages 235-246 Epigenetic Signature of Embryonal Stem Cells: A DNA Methylation Perspective....Pages 247-256 Front Matter....Pages 233-233 Epigenetic Basis for Differentiation Plasticity in Stem Cells....Pages 257-268 Role of DNA Methylation and Epigenetics in Stem Cells....Pages 269-276 DNA Methylation and the Epigenetic Program in Stem Cells....Pages 277-284 Polycomb Group Protein Homeostasis in Stem Cell Identity – A Hypothetical Appraisal....Pages 285-290 Front Matter....Pages 291-291 Signaling Pathways in Embryonic Stem Cells....Pages 293-308 Regulation of Stem Cell Systems by PI3K/Akt Signaling....Pages 309-318 Endothelial Ontogeny During Embryogenesis: Role of Cytokine Signaling Pathways....Pages 319-328 Signaling Networks in Mesenchymal Stem Cells....Pages 329-335 Single-Cell Approaches to Dissect Cellular Signaling Networks....Pages 337-345 Hematopoietic Stem Cells....Pages 347-377 Renal Stem Cells and Kidney Regeneration....Pages 379-390 The Endometrium: A Novel Source of Adult Stem/Progenitor Cells....Pages 391-404 Epithelial Stem Cells and the Development of the Thymus, Parathyroid, and Skin....Pages 405-437 Hepatic Stem Cells and Liver Development....Pages 439-469 Front Matter....Pages 471-471 The Idea and Evidence for the Tumor Stemness Switch....Pages 473-487 The Role of the Tumor Suppressor Fhit in Cancer-Initiating Cells....Pages 489-493 History of Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 495-503 Immune Responses to Stem Cells and Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 505-518 Leukemic Stem Cells: New Therapeutic Targets?....Pages 519-526 Solid Tumor Stem Cells – Implications for Cancer Therapy....Pages 527-543 Front Matter....Pages 471-471 Therapeutic Approaches to Target Cancer Stem Cells....Pages 545-560 Preclinical Evidence for Cellular Therapy as a Treatment for Neurological Disease....Pages 561-573 Improving Memory with Stem Cell Transplantation....Pages 575-583 Back Matter....Pages 585-601 Stem cells appear to be fundamental cellular units associated with the origin of multicellular organisms and have evolved to function in safeguarding the cellular homeostasis in organ t- sues. The characteristics of stem cells that distinguish them from other cells have been the fascinating subjects of stem cell research. The important properties of stem cells, such as ma- tenance of quiescence, self-renewal capacity, and differentiation potential, have propelled this exciting ?eld and presently form a common theme of research in developmental biology and medicine. The derivation of pluripotent embryonic stem cells, the prospective identi?cation of multipotent adult stem cells, and, more recently, the induced pluripotent stem cells (popularly called iPS) are important milestones in the arena of stem cell biology. Complex networks of transcription factors, different signaling molecules, and the interaction of genetic and epi- netic events constantly modulate stem cell behavior to evoke programming and reprogramming processes in normal tissue homeostasis during development. In any given cellular scenario, the regulatory networks can pose considerable complexity and yet exert an orderly control of stem cell differentiation during normal development. An aberration in these ?nely tuned processes during development usually results in a spectrum of diseases such as cancers and neurological disorders. Thisunderscorestheimminentneedforamorecompleteunderstandingofmolecular mechanisms underlying the regulatory circuitries required for stem cell maintenance. Overthepast3–5years,adiversegroupofbenchandphysicianscientistshaveprospectively enhanced our knowledge of stem cell biology. These studies are unveiling many unrecognized or previously unknown fundamentals of developmental biology.

this Book Brings Together Current Advances In Embryonic, Adult, Neural, Hematopoietic, Mesenchymal And Pancreatic Stem Cell Functions. The Chapters Are Authored By Top-notch Scientists In Specialized Areas Of Stem Cell Biology. Topics Of The Book Focus On: Improved Characterization Of Stem Cells, Genomic Alterations In Stem Cells During Aging, Differential Gene Expression Profiling During Quiescence, Self Renewal And Differentiation, Stem Cell Transcriptomics And Proteomics, Regulatory Feed Back Loops By Stem Cell Transcription Factors And Post-transcriptional Controls, Molecular Signaling Cross-talks In Stem Cells, Transcriptional Logics Behind Nuclear Reprogramming, Clinical Perspectives Of Emerging Stem Cell Specific Novel Small Rnas (piwi Rnas And Mirnas), Epigenetic Regulation And Stem Cell Specification, And Stem Cell Niche And Its Functional Significance In Therapeutic Interventions. The Book Will Be An Invaluable Resource For Researchers, Scientists, And Clinicians In The Rapidly Progressing Field Of Stem Cells And Regenerative Medicine.

Brings together various advances in embryonic, adult, neural, hematopoietic, mesenchymal and pancreatic stem cell functions. This book focuses on improved characterization of stem cells, and genomic alterations in stem cells during aging. It is suitable for those in the field of stem cells and regenerative medicine