Refugees in inter-war Europe : the emergence of a regime

This book examines the refugee phenomenon, specifically refugees in inter-war Europe, and international responses to that phenomenon. It explores the causes and consequences of refugee movements throughout this century, analyzes international responses to European refugee movements from 1919 until 1939, and evaluates the impact of international efforts on government policy toward refugees. The major argument of this book is that international assistance efforts of the inter-war era composed an international regime, and this regime had--and continues to have-- significant impact on refugee policy. 1 Title Pages Claudena Skran Title Pages (p.i) Refugees In Inter-War Europe (p.ii) (p.iii) Refugees In Inter-War Europe Title Pages 2 Dedication Claudena Skran Dedication 3 (p.vii) Preface Claudena Skran (p.vii) Preface (p.vii) Preface 4 (p.x) List of Tables Claudena Skran (p.x) List of Tables (p.x) List of Tables 5 (p.xi) List of Abbreviations Claudena Skran (p.xi) List of Abbreviations (p.xi) List of Abbreviations 6 Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Claudena Skran Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Notes: Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States Refugees: A Human Problem in a World of States 7 The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics Claudena Skran The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords Introduction The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Origins of Mass Refugee Movements The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics Immigration Restrictions as an Obstacle to the Resolution of Refugee Problems The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Refugee Problem and New Hopes for its Solution The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics Notes: The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics The Emergence of Refugees as an Issue in International Politics 8 The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe Claudena Skran The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Russian Refugees The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe (p.41) Refugee Movements in the Balkans The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe Refugees from the Third Reich The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe Other Refugees from Fascism The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Italian Migration The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Spanish Republicans The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe (p.60) The Era of Refugees The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe Notes: The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe The Origins and Dimensions of the Refugee Problem in Inter-War Europe 9 The Emergence of a Regime Claudena Skran The Emergence of a Regime Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords The Emergence of a Regime The Structure of the International Refugee Regime The Emergence of a Regime Principles and Norms The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime Rules The Emergence of a Regime Decision-making Procedures The Emergence of a Regime The Institutional Framework The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Crucial Role of Private, Voluntary Organizations The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Role of Refugees The Emergence of a Regime The Origins of the International Refugee Regime The Strength of Humanitarianism The Emergence of a Regime The Influence of A Hegemonic Power The Emergence of a Regime The Pursuit of Self-interest The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime (p.95) The Importance of Leadership The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime Notes: The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime The Emergence of a Regime 10 The Quest for Legal Protection Claudena Skran The Quest for Legal Protection Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords The Quest for Legal Protection Turning Norms Into Rules: Travel and Identity Documents The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Nansen Passport System The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Defining ‘Who is a Refugee?’ The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection (p.113) Extension of the Nansen Passport System The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Application of the Nansen Passport System The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Turning Norms Into Rules: Social Welfare and Employment The Quest for Legal Protection The 1933 Convention The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Application of the 1933 Convention The Quest for Legal Protection The Fight Against Expulsion The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Developing Rules against Expulsion The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Fighting Expulsion in Practice: The 1920s The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection Fighting Expulsion in Practice: The 1930s The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection (p.143) Conclusion The Quest for Legal Protection Notes: The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection The Quest for Legal Protection 11 In Search of Durable Solutions Claudena Skran In Search of Durable Solutions Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Arranging Repatriation for Russian Refugees In Search of Durable Solutions The Nansen-soviet Repatriation Plan In Search of Durable Solutions Implementation of the Nansen-soviet Plan In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Evaluation of the Repatriation Plan In Search of Durable Solutions Promoting Local Integration Through Refugee Settlement In Search of Durable Solutions Refugee Settlement In Greece In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Refugee Settlement In Bulgaria In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Armenian Refugee Settlement In Erivan In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Armenian Refugee Settlement In Syria In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Conclusion In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions Notes: In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions In Search of Durable Solutions 12 Confronting Barriers to Immigration Claudena Skran Confronting Barriers to Immigration Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords Confronting Barriers to Immigration Nansen and the Crisis at Constantinople Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration The Ilo and Russian and Armenian Refugees Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration (p.194) The Response to Refugees from the Third Reich: 1933–1937 Confronting Barriers to Immigration (p.196) The Action of the League of Nations Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration The Role of Private, Voluntary Organizations Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration The Response to Refugees from the Third Reich: 1938–1939 Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration The Evian Conference Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration The IGCR and the Search for Refugee Havens Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Changes in Immigration Policies Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration A Balance Sheet Confronting Barriers to Immigration Notes: Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration Confronting Barriers to Immigration 13 The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes Claudena Skran The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes (p.227) The League of Nations and the Causes of Refugee Movements The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes James G. Mcdonald and Human Rights in Nazi Germany The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes Organizing the Flight of Refugees Nansen and the Graeco-Turkish Population Exchange The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Rublee Plan and Refugees from the Third Reich The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes Refugees and Human Rights The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes Notes: The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes The Attempt to Deal with Root Causes 14 The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Claudena Skran The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Claudena M. Skran Abstract and Keywords The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime In What Ways Did the International Refugee Regime Influence Governments? The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Making Co-operation More Likely The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Changing the Preferences of Governments The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Why was the Impact of the International Refugee Regime Uneven? Differences Over Time The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Differences Among Refugee Groups The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Differences by Issue The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime What Were the Sources of Leadership for the International Refugee Regime? States: A Source of Support and the Holders of Veto Power The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime PVOs: A Valuable Source of Funding and Information The League of Nations: A Forum for Co-operation and a Source of Innovation The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Role of Individuals The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Looking at Refugees In A New Light The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Legacy of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime Notes: The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime The Influence of the International Refugee Regime 15 (p.297) Bibliography Claudena Skran (p.297) Bibliography 1. Primary Sources 1.1. Archives and Paper Collections 1.2. League of Nations Documents (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography 1.3. Other Official Sources (p.297) Bibliography (p.301) 1.4. Newspapers and Periodicals 1.5. Contemporary Publications (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography (p.297) Bibliography 16 2. Secondary Sources Claudena Skran 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 2. Secondary Sources 17 (p.315) Index Claudena Skran (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index (p.315) Index In Inter-war Europe, Millions Of Refugees, Including Russians, Armenians, Greeks, And Jews, Constituted A Major Humanitarian And Political Issue. This Book Examines The Origins Of Refugee Movements Of The 1920s And 1930s And International Responses To Them. The Book Argues That International Assistance Efforts By Governments, The League Of Nations, And Private Organizations Were Part Of An International Regime, And This Regime Had - And Continues To Have - A Significant Impact On Refugee Policy. During The Inter-war Years, The First International Refugee Law Was Developed, The First Refugee Settlement Projects Were Carried Out, And The First High Commissioner For Refugees Was Appointed. Over Time, The Influence Of The Regime Contributed To The Establishment Of A Special Status For People Who Flee Their Home Country Because Of War Or Persecution, A Status That Differentiated Refugees From Economic Migrants, And Gave Them Preferential Treatment In Domestic And International Law. The Rapidly Growing Importance Of Refugee Issues In Contemporary International Politics Means That The Questions Explored In This Book Continue To Be As Relevant As Ever. Refugees: A Human Problem In A World Of States -- Pt. I. Refugees And The Need For A Regime. 1. The Emergence Of Refugees As An Issue In International Politics. 2. The Origins And Dimensions Of The Refugee Problem In Inter-war Europe -- Pt. Ii. The International Refugee Regime In Inter-war Europe. 3. The Emergence A Regime. 4. The Quest For Legal Protection. 5. In Search Of Durable Solutions. 6. Confronting Barriers To Immigration. 7. The Attempt To Deal With Root Causes -- Pt. Iii. The International Refugee Regime: An Evaluation. 8. The Influence Of The International Refugee Regime. Claudena M. Skran. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. This book examines the causes and consequences of refugee movement during this century, with particular reference to inter-war Europe. It analyses international responses to those movements, and draws conclusions that have continuing relevance today, when the refugee issue is as pressing as ever.