Reemergence of Established Pathogens in the 21st Century (Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century Book 2)

In the closing decade of the last century, we saw warnings that infectious diseases will require much more attention from patients and physicians in the 21 st century. Recently d- covered diseases such as AIDS pose a major threat to the population at large, and to that threat has been added the re-emergence of established pathogens, microbes that were re- ily treatable in the past. Since infectious diseases already play a major role in the burden of illness and mortality, health care providers and planners are worried. A large proportion of the problem is man-made, arising mainly from the unnecessary overuse of antimicrobials in hospital and community settings and from the agricultural misuse of the agents in animal feed. A consequence has been a dramatic increase in resi- ant strains of bacteria that were considered conquerable several decades ago. Community infections caused by multi-resistant pneumococci serve as an example. These organisms were readily treated with penicillin, but now the spread of penicillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae from continent to continent is becoming a worldwide problem. This is a major concern because pneumococcal infections are common in the community, being the le- ing cause of pneumonia, sinusitis, and meningitis. Resistant bacteria in hospitals are also becoming more prevalent. We have become accustomed to hearing about methicill- resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), but now we have to be concerned about multidrug-resistant coliform bacteria and pseudomonads. The Emerging Infectious Diseases of the 21st Century series aims to address the challenging new infections and surrounding issues facing physicians and mankind in the new century. Old or established pathogens, such as Mycobacteria tuberculosis and malaria, are now reemerging and spreading across the globe in a more treatment-resistant form. These and other aggressive and difficult pathogens are addressed in the initial volumes of the series. The first volume, Infections and the Cardiovascular System: New Perspectives, written by leading researchers in this area, is a review of the exciting new concepts of the relationship between microbes and the cardiovascular system. Upcoming volumes in the series will address newly recognized pathogens such as Nipah virus, a new variant of Cruetzfeld-Jacob disease (mad cow or bovine encephalopathy), the emergence of old-world pathogens in the Westerns World, such as West-Nile virus, and many others including SARS Sect. I. The Changing Spectrum Of Bacterial Infections -- Ch. 1. Severe Invasive Group A Streptococcal Infections / Anna Norrby-teglund, Allison Mcgeer, Malak Kotb And Donald E. Low -- Ch. 2. Bartonella Infections Resurgence In The New Century / Gilbert Greub And Didier Raoult -- Sect. Ii. Resistant Bacteria And Resurgence -- Ch. 3. Antibiotic-resistant Streptococcus Pneumoniae: Implications For Management In The 21st Century / Cynthia G. Whitney And Nina E. Glass -- Ch. 4. Mrsa In The 21st Century: Emerging Challenges / Ignatius W. Fong And Maria Kolia -- Ch. 5. Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci / Esteban C. Nannini And Barbara E. Murray. Edited By I.w. Fong And Karl Drlica. Includes Bibliographical References And Index. Severe Invasive Group a Streptococcal Infections....Pages 3-33 Bartonella Infections Resurgence in the New Century....Pages 35-68 Antibiotic-ressistant Streptococcus pneumoniae : Implications for Management in the 21st Century....Pages 71-97 MRSA in the 21st Century: Emerging Challenges....Pages 99-154 Vancomycin-resistant Enterococci....Pages 155-204 Multi-resistant Enterobacteriaceae in Hospital Practice....Pages 205-243 Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDRTB)....Pages 245-293 Controlling Antibiotic Resistance: Strategies Based on the Mutant Selection Window....Pages 295-331 Drug-resistant Malaria....Pages 335-360 This volume, compiled by two of the leading experts in the field, provides the specialist and trainee in microbiology, infectious disease, infection control, and epidemiology with a concise, timely and authoritative review of some of the most problematic infections of the new century. This volume will foster a better understanding of the issues and new ideas for preventing and controlling infectious disease. Emerging infections can be defined as those diseases that have newly appeared in the population, or have existed but are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range.