Reconstruction Designs of Lost Ancient Chinese Machinery (History of Mechanism and Machine Science Book 3)

Ancient China was outstanding in mechanical technology before the 15th century. Numerous ingenious machines were invented. However, due to incomplete documentation and loss of finished objects, most of the original machines cannot be verified and many of the inventions did not pass down to later generations. This book, based on the author’s research and teaching experiences over the last 20 years, is devoted to presenting an innovative methodology in the area of mechanical historiography for the systematic reconstruction design of ancient Chinese machines that have been lost to time. Its purpose is to generate all possible design concepts of lost machines. If the defined and/or concluded design specifications, topological characteristics, and - sign requirements and constraints are feasible, one of the resulting rec- struction designs should be the original design. Such an approach provides a logical tool for historians in ancient mechanical engineering and techn- ogy to further identify the possible original designs according to proven historical archives. However, this work will not deal with the credibility of historical literary works. It supposes that the lost machines existed, and tries to demonstrate the feasibility of reconstructing the lost designs. The book is organized in such a way that it can be used for teaching, research or self-study. Chapter 1 introduces the study, classifications, and process for the reconstruction design of ancient machinery. This is the ?rst volume of a series of edited books whose aim is to collect contributed papers in a framework that can serve as a dictionary of names of individuals who have made contributions to the discipline of MMS (Me- anism and Machine Science). This dictionary project has the peculiarity that, through descriptions of the ideas and work of these individuals, the papers will illustrate mainly technical developments in the historical evolution of the individual ?elds that today de?ne the scope of MMS. Thus the core of each contribution will be a survey of biographical notes describing the efforts and experiences of these people. Finding appropriate technical experts as authors for such papers and - couraging them to write them has been a challenge; it is a demanding and time-consuming effort to produce such in-depth articles that delve deeply into the historical background of their topics of expertise. This ?rst volume of the dictionary project has been possible thanks to the invited authors who have enthusiastically shared the initiative and have spent time and effort in prep- ing papers that have the novel characteristics of survey and historical notes. The papers in this volume cover the wide ?eld of the History of Mechanical Engineering with speci?c focus on MMS. I believe that a reader who takes advantage of the papers in this book, as well as future ones, will ?nd further satisfaction and motivation for her or his work (historical or not) This Book Examines The Evolution Of Machine Design Methodology From The Renaissance To The Age Of Machines In The 19th Century. This Premise Is Based In Part On The Work Of The Da Vinci Scholar Ladislao Reti Who Translated The Last Discovered Work Of Leonardo Da Vinci In 1967. In The Codex Madrid, Reti Found Evidence That Leonardo Planned To Write A Book On Basic Machine Elements And Compared The Great Artist-engineer's Drawings To The Work Of 19th C. Machine Theorist Franz Reuleaux Of Berlin. Reuleaux Is Credited With Classifying The Basic Elements Of Machine Design And Also Enumerating Six Basic Classes Of Mechanisms To Change Motion From One Form To Another. Moon's Book Carries Reti's Thesis Further And Provides Detailed Analysis, Comparing Design Concepts Of Engineers Of The 15th Century Renaissance And The 19th Century Age Of Machines From A Workshop Tradition To The Rational Scientific Discipline Used Today.--jacket. Leonardo Da Vinci And Franz Reuleaux : Machine Engineers -- Evolution Of Design Of Machines -- Comparison Of The Kinematic Mechanisms Of Leonardo And Reuleaux. By Francis C. Moon. Includes Bibliographical References (p. [351]-393) And Index. This Work Presents An Innovative Approach For The Reconstruction Designs Of Lost Ancient Chinese Machinery. By Combining The Creative Mechanism Design Methodology With The Mechanical Evolution And Variation Theory, All Feasible And Appropriate Designs That Are Consistent With The Science Theories And Techniques Of The Subject Time Period Can He Systematically Recreated. South Pointing Chariots, Walking Machines (the Wooden Horse Carriage And The Wooden Cow And Gliding Horse), The Seismograph, And The Astronomical Mechanical Clock, Are Used As Illustiated Examples. The Cultural, Scientific, And Technological Background Of These Achievements Are Explained. Before New Literature And/or Hardware Evidences Is Found, This Work Provides A Novel Direction And A Unique Tool For Studying The Lost Machinery In Ancient China And Around The World. Furthermore, After Reacquaintance With Invaluable Ancient Wisdom, We Anticipate Stimulating Innovative Machinery For Our Future.--book Jacket. By Hong-sen Yan. Includes Bibliographical References (p. 265-268) And Index. "This work presents an innovative approach for the reconstruction designs of lost ancient Chinese machinery. By combining the creative mechanism design methodology with the mechanical evolution and variation theory, all feasible and appropriate designs that are consistent with the science theories and techniques of the subject time period can he systematically recreated. South pointing chariots, walking machines (the Wooden Horse Carriage and the Wooden Cow and Gliding Horse), the seismograph, and the astronomical mechanical clock, are used as illustrated examples. The cultural, scientific, and technological background of these achievements are explained. Before new literature and/or hardware evidences is found, this work provides a novel direction and a unique tool for studying the lost machinery in ancient China and around the world. Furthermore, after reacquaintance with invaluable ancient wisdom, we anticipate stimulating innovative machinery for our future."--Jacket This book presents an innovative approach for the reconstruction design of lost ancient Chinese machinery. By combining the creative mechanism design methodology with the mechanical evolution and variation theory, all feasible and appropriate designs that are consistent with the science theories and techniques of the subject's time period can be systematically recreated. South pointing chariots, walking machines (the wooden horse carriage and the wooden cow and gliding horse), the seismograph, and the astronomical mechanical clock, are used as illustrated examples. The cultural, scientific, and technological backgrounds of these achievements are explained. Before new literature and/or hardware evidences are found, this work provides a novel direction and a unique tool for studying the lost machinery in ancient China and around the world. Furthermore, after reacquaintance with invaluable ancient wisdom, we anticipate stimulating innovative machinery for our future. Pt. 1. Archimedes (287-212 Bc) / Thomas G. Chondros -- Agustín De Betancourt Y Molina (1758-1824) / Juan Ignacio Cuadrado Iglesias -- Oene Bottema (1901-1992) / Teun Koetsier -- William Kingdon Clifford (1845-1879) / Joe Rooney -- Nicolaus Copernicus (1473-1543) / Teresa Zielinska -- Alexander Yershov (1818-1867) / Alexander Golovin And Dina Mktychyan -- Ferdinand Freudenstein (1926-2006) / Bernard Roth -- Kurt Hain (1908-1995) / Hanfried Kerle -- Heron Of Alexandria (c. 10-85 Ad) / Evangelos Papadopoulos -- Willibald Lichtenheldt (1901-1980) / Kurt Luck -- Xian-zhou Liu (1890-1975) / Hong-sen Yan ... [et Al.] -- Giulio Mozzi (1730-1813) / Marco Ceccarelli -- Théodore Olivier (1793-1853) / J.m. Hervé -- Ufimtsev Anatoly Georgievich (1880-1936) / Sergey Jatsun -- James Watt (1736-1819) / Gordon R. Pennock -- Walter Wunderlich (1910-1998) / Manfred Husty. Edited By Marco Ceccarelli. Includes Bibliographical References. This is the first part of a series of books whose aim is to collect contributed papers describing the work of famous persons in MMS (Mechanism and Machine Science). The current work treats mainly technical developments in the historical evolution of the fields that today are grouped in MMS. Thus, the emphasis is on biographical notes describing the efforts and experiences of people who have contributed to the technical achievements which forms the core of each contributed paper. These papers cover the wide field of the History of Mechanical Engineering with specific focus on MMS. This volume w South pointing chariots, walking machines and the astronomical mechanical clock are all used as illustrated examples in this fascinating and unique study of lost machinery in ancient China. This is the first book of its kind, combining creative mechanism design methodology with mechanical evolution and variation theory to set out how some ancient designs can be recreated. Furthermore the book reflects on how age-old wisdoms could stimulate stunning new machinery in the future. This fascinating book will be of as much interest to engineers as to art historians, examining as it does the evolution of machine design methodology from the Renaissance to the Age of Machines in the 19th century. It provides detailed analysis, comparing design concepts of engineers of the 15th century Renaissance and the 19th century age of machines from a workshop tradition to the rational scientific discipline used today.