Recent Developments in Pavement Design, Modeling and Performance : Proceedings of the 2nd GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2018 – The Official International Congress of the Soil-Structure Interacti

This volume includes a collection of research and practical papers from an international research and technology activities on recent developments in pavement design, modeling and performance, and effects on infrastructure, green energy, technology and integration. Sustainability is increasingly a key priority in engineering practices. With the aging transportation infrastructure and renewed emphasis on infrastructure renovation by transportation agencies, innovations are urgently needed to develop materials, designs, and practices to ensure the sustainability of transportation infrastructure. The volume is based on the best contributions to the 2nd GeoMEast International Congress and Exhibition on Sustainable Civil Infrastructures, Egypt 2018 – The official international congress of the Soil-Structure Interaction Group in Egypt (SSIGE). Contents 6 About the Editors 8 Performance Evaluation of Ultra-Thin Pavement Seals in Low-Volume Roads 10 Abstract 10 1 Global Trend of Low Volume Roads 10 1.1 Surfacing Options for Unsealed Low Volume Roads 11 1.2 Ultra-Thin Sealing Concept 12 2 Finite Element Modeling of Low Volume Roads 14 3 Failure Models in FEM 15 4 Design Model for Ultra-Thin Seals in Low Volume Roads 16 4.1 Model Geometry 16 4.2 Material Characterization 16 4.3 Model Interactions and Conditioning 17 5 Results of FEM Analysis and Discussion 17 5.1 Validation of FEM 18 5.2 Effect of Surfacing Thickness on Pavement Behavior 18 5.3 Effect of Ultra-Thin Surface Type on Pavement Life Span 20 6 Summary and Conclusion 20 References 21 Reuse of Oil Drilling Cuts for Road Construction in the Eastern Region of Colombia 24 Abstract 24 1 Introduction 24 2 Methodology 25 2.1 Site Investigation, On-Site Testing and Sampling 25 2.2 Basic Material Characterization 26 2.3 Samples Compaction Process 26 2.4 Sample Curing Process 26 2.5 Strength Tests 27 2.6 Durability Tests 27 2.6.1 Slake Durability Test 27 2.6.2 Wetting Drying Cycles 28 3 Tests Results 28 4 Conclusions 31 Acknowledgements 32 References 32 Pavement Friction Prediction for Single and Multiple Lane Rural Roads 33 Abstract 33 1 Introduction 33 2 Background 34 2.1 Models for Predicting Pavement Friction 35 3 Study Sites and Data Collection 36 4 Preliminary Analysis 38 4.1 Variation of SN64R and MPD Due to the Pavement Age 38 4.2 Variation of SN64R and MPD Due to Traffic 39 4.3 Variation of SN64R and MPD Due to Type of Mix 40 5 Skid Resistance Modelling 41 5.1 Skid Resistance Models 42 5.2 A Model with a Categorical Variable 43 5.3 Model Evaluation 44 6 Conclusions 46 Acknowledgments 47 References 47 Improvement of Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder by Adding Composite Montmorillonite Nanoclay 49 Abstract 49 1 Introduction 49 2 Materials and Methods 51 2.1 Materials 51 2.1.1 Asphalt Binder 51 2.1.2 Composite Nanoclay 51 2.1.3 Preparation of Composite Nanoclay Modified Asphalt 51 2.1.4 Physical Properties Test of Composite Nanoclay Modified Asphalt 51 2.1.5 Rheological Properties of Composite Nanoclay Modified Asphalt 51 2.2 Rutting Performance 52 2.3 Dynamic Shear Rheometer Testing Procedures 52 3 Results and Discussion 53 3.1 Physical Properties Test Results 53 3.1.1 Temperature Steps Tests of OMMT/Modified Binders 57 3.1.2 Failure Temperature 58 3.2 Time Sweep Test Results 59 4 Conclusions 60 References 61 Improving Mechanical Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt Using Crumb Rubber in Libya 63 Abstract 63 1 Introduction 63 2 Objectives 64 3 Background and Literature Review 65 4 Methodology 66 4.1 Mix Design Experiments 66 4.2 Materials Used 66 5 Laboratory Experiments Results 68 6 Synthesis and Examination of the Findings 69 7 Conclusions and Recommendations 71 Acknowledgements 71 References 71 Evaluating Falling Weight Deflectometer Back-Calculation Software for Aircraft Pavement Strength Rating 73 Abstract 73 1 Introduction 73 2 Background 74 2.1 Airport Pavement Strength Rating System 74 2.2 Falling Weight Deflectometer 74 2.3 Modulus Back-Calculation 75 3 Methods and Results 76 3.1 Methods 76 3.2 Results 76 4 Discussion 81 4.1 Deflection, Modulus and PCN Variability 81 4.2 Comparison of Three or Four Layer Pavement Model 83 4.3 Comparison of 50 kN and 100 kN FWD Results 86 4.4 Sensitivity of Layer Modulus to Deflection Changes 86 4.5 Sensitivity of PCN to Layer Modulus 89 4.6 Comparison of FWD PCN to Pavement Design PCN 89 5 Conclusions 91 Acknowledgements 91 References 91 Estimating VOC Emissions from Asphalt Pavement 93 Abstract 93 1 Introduction 93 2 Methodology 95 3 Conclusions 101 References 102 Foamed Bitumen Base for Expedient Airport Pavement Upgrade: A Case Study on Whitsunday Coast Airport 103 Abstract 103 1 Introduction 103 2 Background 104 2.1 Foamed Bitumen Base 104 2.2 Whitsunday Coast Airport Upgrade 105 3 In-Situ Versus Ex-Situ FBB Production 106 4 Mixture Design 106 5 Production 108 6 Construction 115 7 Challenges 118 7.1 Representative Samples in Mixture Design 118 7.2 Controlling Moisture 118 7.3 Latent Conditions 119 8 Conclusions 119 Acknowledgments 119 References 120 Mechanistic Design of Foamed Bitumen Stabilised Pavement Bases 121 Abstract 121 1 Introduction 121 2 Current Design Practice 123 2.1 Fatigue Criteria of Various Pavement Materials 123 2.2 Axle Configurations 124 2.3 Mechanistic Design Procedure 124 3 Response of FBS Pavements Under Heavy Axle Loading 126 3.1 Selection of Parameters for Numerical Modelling of FBS Pavements 126 3.2 FBS Pavement Responses Under Different Axle Configurations 127 3.3 Development of an Appropriate Stress Pulse Shape for Laboratory Testing 127 4 Issues in Current FBS Pavement Design Practice 129 5 Conclusion and Recommendations 130 Acknowledgment 131 References 131 Laboratory Studies to Assess the Fatigue Behavior of Bituminous Concrete Mix 133 Abstract 133 1 Introduction 133 2 Objective of Present Study 134 3 Material Characterization 135 3.1 Bitumen 135 3.2 Aggregates 135 3.3 Mineral Filler 135 4 Test Programme 136 4.1 Indirect Tensile Fatigue Test (ITFT) 136 5 Results and Discussion 137 5.1 Effect of Stress on Fatigue Life 137 5.2 Cost Estimation 139 6 Mathematical Model 140 6.1 Prediction Equation for Stone Dust 141 6.2 Prediction Equation for Cement 141 7 Conclusions 141 References 142 Automatic Recognition of Pavement Degradation: Case of Rif Chain 144 Abstract 144 1 Introduction 144 2 Related Work 145 2.1 Transfer Learning Using Pre-trained AlexNet Neural Network 145 3 Results and Discussion 147 4 Conclusion 151 Acknowledgments 151 References 151 Asphalt Concrete Performance Combining Use of Increased Reclaimed Asphalt Content and Warm Mix Additives 154 Abstract 154 1 Introduction 154 2 Assessed Variants of Warm Mix Asphalts 155 3 The Range of Performed Testing 157 4 Results and Discussion 157 4.1 Volumetric Characteristics 157 4.2 Moisture Susceptibility 159 4.3 Stiffness of Tested Asphalt Mixtures 160 4.4 Resistance to Crack Propagation 162 4.5 Resistance to Permanent Deformations (Rutting) 162 5 Summary 165 Acknowledgments 165 References 166 Effect of High RA Content on Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Mixtures – Trial Section 167 Abstract 167 1 Introduction 167 2 Asphalt Mixture Variants 168 3 Input Materials 169 4 Testing of SMA Asphalt Mixtures 169 4.1 Volumetric Characteristics of SMA 11S Mixtures 169 4.2 Stiffness Determination 170 4.3 Determination of Fracture Toughness (SCB Test) 172 4.4 Resistance to Permanent Deformation 173 4.5 Flexural Strength – Three Point Bending Test 174 5 Conclusions 176 Acknowledgements 177 References 177 The Applicability of Recent Mechanically Stabilized Granular Layer Concept in ME Pavement Design 179 Abstract 179 1 Introduction 179 2 Actual Concept of Mechanically Stabilized Layer (MSL) 180 3 Mechanical Empirical Pavement Design (Mepd) 183 4 FEM Modelling 183 5 Interpretation and Discussion of the Results 185 6 Conclusions 187 Acknowledgements 187 References 187 Alternative Modified Binders for Mastic Asphalt Layers 190 Abstract 190 1 Introduction 190 2 Asphalt Mixture Design 192 3 Description of Bituminous Binders and Modifiers Applied 193 4 Used Modifying or Improving Additives 194 4.1 Synthetic Waxes WE-CM and WE-BM 194 4.2 Active Rubber Powder (ARP) 195 5 Mastic Asphalt Test Specimen Preparation 196 6 Workability 196 7 Mastic Asphalt Mixture Parameters 197 7.1 Indentation Number 197 7.2 Compression Strength 198 7.3 Bending Tensile Strength 200 7.4 Asphalt Stiffness 200 7.5 Cyclical Compression Test 201 8 Conclusions 202 Acknowledgements 202 References 203 Author Index 205 Front Matter ....Pages i-viii Performance Evaluation of Ultra-Thin Pavement Seals in Low-Volume Roads (Jacob Adedayo Adedeji, Mohamed Mostafa Hassan)....Pages 1-14 Reuse of Oil Drilling Cuts for Road Construction in the Eastern Region of Colombia (Guillermo Soto, Gloria Beltran)....Pages 15-23 Pavement Friction Prediction for Single and Multiple Lane Rural Roads (Luciana Girardi Omar, Abd El Halim Omar Abd El Halim)....Pages 24-39 Improvement of Rheological Properties of Asphalt Binder by Adding Composite Montmorillonite Nanoclay (Abdulhaq Hadi Abedali Al-haddad, Rana Amir Yousif)....Pages 40-53 Improving Mechanical Properties of Hot Mix Asphalt Using Crumb Rubber in Libya (Khlifa El Atrash, Gabriel J. Assaf)....Pages 54-63 Evaluating Falling Weight Deflectometer Back-Calculation Software for Aircraft Pavement Strength Rating (Greg White, Andrew Barbeler)....Pages 64-83 Estimating VOC Emissions from Asphalt Pavement (Peng Cui, Qingbin Cui, Harold Green)....Pages 84-93 Foamed Bitumen Base for Expedient Airport Pavement Upgrade: A Case Study on Whitsunday Coast Airport (Greg White)....Pages 94-111 Mechanistic Design of Foamed Bitumen Stabilised Pavement Bases (Sameera Pitawala, Arooran Sounthararajah, Jayantha Kodikara)....Pages 112-123 Laboratory Studies to Assess the Fatigue Behavior of Bituminous Concrete Mix (Lokesh Gupta, Rakesh Kumar)....Pages 124-134 Automatic Recognition of Pavement Degradation: Case of Rif Chain (Soukaina Meziane, Lahcen Bahi, Latifa Ouadif)....Pages 135-144 Asphalt Concrete Performance Combining Use of Increased Reclaimed Asphalt Content and Warm Mix Additives (Pavla Vacková, Jan Valentin, Meor O. Hamzah)....Pages 145-157 Effect of High RA Content on Properties of Stone Mastic Asphalt (SMA) Mixtures – Trial Section (Pavla Vacková, Jan Valentin, Evangelos Manthos)....Pages 158-169 The Applicability of Recent Mechanically Stabilized Granular Layer Concept in ME Pavement Design (Zikmund Rakowski, Jacek Kawalec, Sławomir Kwiecień)....Pages 170-180 Alternative Modified Binders for Mastic Asphalt Layers (Jakub Šedina, Jan Valentin, Petr Mondschein)....Pages 181-195 Back Matter ....Pages 197-197