Rare Isotopes and Fundamental Symmetries: Proceedings of the Fourth Argonne INT MSU JINA FRIB Theory Workshop (Proceedings from the Institute for Nuclear Theory)

"This book presents contributions from the Workshop on Rare Isotopes and Fundamental Symmetries, which was held on September 19-22, 2007, at the Institute for Nuclear Theory at the University of Washington. The book is the fourth in a series dedicated to exploring the science important to the proposed Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB). The topics covered by the contributions include Fermi beta decay, electron-neutrino correlations in nuclear beta decay: precision mass measurements, atomic parity violation, electric dipole moments, and hadronic parity violation and anapole moments. These topics highlight the recent work on the use of nuclei to understand the fundamental symmetries of nature. It presents current results as well as proposals for future experiments."--Jacket CONTENTS......Page 12 Series Preface......Page 6 Preface......Page 8 ORGANIZING COMMITTEE......Page 10 1. Fundamental Interactions......Page 16 2. Muons......Page 17 3.2. f3-asymmetry......Page 18 3.4. Time Reversal Violation......Page 19 4. Searches for Permanent Electric Dipole Moments......Page 20 5. Facilities for providing radioactive isotopes for precision experiments......Page 22 7. Conclusions......Page 23 References......Page 24 1. Introduction......Page 26 2. The Beta-Neutrino Correlation in the Electroweak Standard Model......Page 27 3. (3 - v measurement technique......Page 28 4. Generating Fit Templates......Page 29 5. Molecular sodium......Page 30 6. Systematic uncertainties......Page 31 7. Conclusions......Page 32 7.1. Outlook fOT atom traps......Page 33 References......Page 35 1. Introduction and Theoretical Methods......Page 36 2. Applications to Fundamental Symmetries......Page 38 3. Neutron Densities......Page 39 Acknowledgments......Page 42 References......Page 43 1. Introduction......Page 46 2. Calculations of Schiff Moments......Page 47 3. Uncertainty......Page 48 4. Previously Neglected Terms in Schiff Operator......Page 50 References......Page 54 1. Introduction......Page 56 2. Recent developments......Page 58 3. Current status......Page 61 4. Vud and CKM U nitarity......Page 63 References......Page 64 1. Introduction......Page 66 2. Isospin-symmetry breaking correction, ~c......Page 67 3. Results and the effect on CKM unitarity......Page 72 References......Page 74 1. Introduction......Page 75 2. Partial Demonstration of the New Technology at UW......Page 77 Acknowledgments......Page 80 References......Page 81 1. Scalar currents......Page 82 2. Isospin Breaking......Page 86 References......Page 89 1. Parity Nonconservation in the NN System......Page 90 2. S-P Amplitudes and Meson-Exchange Potentials......Page 92 3. Experimental Constraints......Page 93 4. Summary......Page 99 References......Page 100 1. Current Status of Experimental and Theoretical PNC Studies......Page 101 1.1. Monovalent systems......Page 102 1.2. Systems with few valence electrons (Yb, Tl, Pb, and Bi).......Page 103 2. Calculation of the PNC Amplitudes......Page 104 3. Relativistic all-order method......Page 105 3.1. Combining Configuration-interaction and Perturbation Theory Methods......Page 107 References......Page 108 1. Introduction......Page 111 2. Meson-exchange description of pv N N forces......Page 112 3. PhenOInenological approaches to pv N N forces......Page 114 5. Presently known information......Page 116 6. What from nuclear anapole moments? Conclusion......Page 118 References......Page 120 1. Introduction......Page 121 2. Anapole measurement in francium......Page 123 3. Method for the anapole moment measurement......Page 127 4. Fr production requirements......Page 128 References......Page 129 1. Introduction......Page 131 2. Experimental Approach......Page 133 3. Recent Progress......Page 135 4. Conclusions......Page 136 References......Page 138 1. Introduction......Page 141 2. General Considerations......Page 143 3.1. Coulomb distortions......Page 144 3.5. Transverse Analyzing Power......Page 145 5. Progress on the Lead Radius Experiment (PREX)......Page 146 6. Conclusion......Page 147 References......Page 148 1 Introduction to the Schiff moment......Page 150 2 Microscopic calculation of the Schiff moment......Page 151 3 Coherent mechanism: octupole deformation......Page 152 4 Coherent mechanism: soft octupole mode......Page 155 5 Coherent mechanism: soft quadrupole and octupole modes......Page 158 6 Conclusion......Page 161 References......Page 162 1. Schiff Screening......Page 165 2. Schiff Theorem Re-formulated......Page 167 3. Schiff Moment Operator......Page 171 4. Summary......Page 173 Acknowledgments......Page 174 1. Introduction......Page 175 2. EDM experiments......Page 176 3. The 199Hg EDM measurement in Seattle......Page 178 3.1. Blind Analysis......Page 182 3.2. The 199 Hg Stark Interference Effect......Page 183 References......Page 184 1. Introduction......Page 185 2. The FRIB facility concept......Page 186 3.1. Electric dipole moment searches......Page 190 3.2. Parity non-conservation in atoms......Page 192 3.3. Beta-decay studies......Page 193 References......Page 194 1. Introduction......Page 195 2. Laser Spectroscopy with Thermalized Beams at NSCL......Page 197 2.3. Magnetic dipole moments......Page 199 3.1. Test of parity and time reversal symmetries......Page 200 3.2. Search for new interactions in weak nucleon current......Page 201 3.3. Search for induced currents in weak interactions......Page 202 References......Page 203 1. Introduction......Page 205 2. Scalar field models of a(p) and m(p)......Page 207 3. Experimental constraints on the model......Page 209 4. Discussion: on a possibility for new tests of a(p).......Page 213 References......Page 214 Workshop Program......Page 216 Experiments searching for new interactions in nuclear beta decay / Klaus P. Jungmann -- The beta-neutrino correlation in sodium-21 and other nuclei / P.A. Vetter [und weitere] -- Nuclear structure and fundamental symmetries/ B. Alex Brown -- Schiff moments and nuclear structure / J. Engel -- Superallowed nuclear beta decay : recent results and their impact on V[symbol] / J.C. Hardy and I.S. Towner -- New calculation of the isospin-symmetry breaking correlation to superallowed Fermi beta decay / I.S. Towner and J.C. Hardy -- Precise measurement of the [symbol]H to [symbol]He mass difference / D.E. Pinegar [und weitere] -- Limits on scalar currents from the 0+ to 0+ decay of [symbol]Ar and isospin breaking in [symbol]Cl and [symbol]Cl / A. Garcia -- Nuclear constraints on the weak nucleon-nucleon interaction / W.C. Haxton -- Atomic PNC theory : current status and future prospects / M.S. Safronova -- Parity-violating nucleon-nucleon interactions : what can we learn from nuclear anapole moments? / B. Desplanques -- Proposed experiment for the measurement of the anapole moment in francium / A. Perez Galvan [und weitere] -- The Radon-EDM experiment / Tim Chupp for the Radon-EDM collaboration -- The lead radius Eexperiment (PREX) and parity violating measurements of neutron densities / C.J. Horowitz -- Nuclear structure aspects of Schiff moment and search for collective enhancements / Naftali Auerbach and Vladimir Zelevinsky -- The interpretation of atomic electric dipole moments : Schiff theorem and its corrections / C.-P. Liu -- T-violation and the search for a permanent electric dipole moment of the mercury atom / M.D. Swallows [und weitere] -- The new concept for FRIB and its potential for fundamental interactions studies / Guy Savard -- Collinear laser spectroscopy and polarized exotic nuclei at NSCL / K. Minamisono -- Environmental dependence of masses and coupling constants / M. Pospelov