تصادفی بودن و تکرار در سیستم‌های دینامیکی: رویکردی در تحلیل واقعی (مونوگراف‌های ریاضی کاروس)

__Randomness and Recurrence in Dynamical Systems__ makes accessible, at the undergraduate or beginning graduate level, results and ideas on averaging, randomness and recurrence that traditionally require measure theory. Assuming only a background in elementary calculus and real analysis, new techniques of proof have been developed, and known proofs have been adapted, to make this possible. The book connects the material with recent research, thereby bridging the gap between undergraduate teaching and current mathematical research. The various topics are unified by the concept of an abstract dynamical system, so there are close connections with what may be termed 'Probabilistic Chaos Theory' or 'Randomness'. The work is appropriate for undergraduate courses in real analysis, dynamical systems, random and chaotic phenomena and probability. It will also be suitable for readers who are interested in mathematical ideas of randomness and recurrence, but who have no measure theory background. Randomness and Recurrence in Dynamical Systems aims to bridge a gap between undergraduate teaching and the research level in mathematical analysis. It makes ideas on averaging, randomness, and recurrence, which traditionally require measure theory, accessible at the undergraduate and lower graduate level. The author develops new techniques of proof and adapts known proofs to make the material accessible to students with only a background in elementary real analysis. Over 60 figures are used to explain proofs, provide alternative viewpoints and elaborate on the main text. The book explains further developments in terms of measure theory. The results are presented in the context of dynamical systems, and the quantitative results are related to the underlying qualitative phenomena—chaos, randomness, recurrence and order. The final part of the book introduces and motivates measure theory and the notion of a measurable set, and describes the relationship of Birkhoff's Individual Ergodic Theorem to the preceding ideas. Developments in other dynamical systems are indicated, in particular Lévy's result on the frequency of occurence of a given digit in the partial fractions expansion of a number. Randomness and Recurrence in Dynamical Systems makes accessible, at the undergraduate or beginning graduate level, results and ideas on averaging, randomness and recurrence that traditionally require measure theory. Assuming only a background in elementary calculus and real analysis, new techniques of proof have been developed, and known proofs have been adapted, to make this possible. The book connects the material with recent research, thereby bridging the gap between undergraduate teaching and current mathematical research. The various topics are unified by the concept of an abstract dynamical system, so there are close connections with what may be termed 'Probabilistic Chaos Theory' or 'Randomness'. The work is appropriate for undergraduate courses in real analysis, dynamical systems, random and chaotic phenomena and probability. It will also be suitable for readers who are interested in mathematical ideas of randomness and recurrence, but who have no measure theory background.-- Source other than Library of Congress Background Ideas And Knowledge -- Irrational Numbers And Dynamical Systems -- Probability And Randomness -- Recurrence -- Averaging In Time And Space. Rodney Nillsen. Includes Bibliographical References And Index.