Radio astronomy and cosmology : International Astronomical Union Symposium no. 74 held at Cavendish Laboratory, Cambridge, England, August 16-20, 1976

337 F(e) = (z) where the angle between the directions III and 112 is equal to 8. r is the angular diameter effective distance of the epoch for recombination. F (8) ~ve have F(e) : f (e) ~ (S" ) e. . ~ is a Bessel function. It is assumed here that the spectrum of gravitational waves takes the form 1\ hI'::: hoK for all relevant wavelengths, a is beam width of the radio antenna, d\= d~, and ~ is the duration of the process of recombinations in \-time. The results for different beam widths are shown in Fig. 1. 338 I. D. NOVIKOV 1-. . . -\_\_ 0. 5 1 1. 5 2 e' 0. 5 o and for a l' (solid line) and Fig. 1. The function f(8) for n for a = 2' (dotted line). These formula should be used in analysing the implications of future observations. Comparison with the observational data now available enables us to establish an upper limit for the energy density of long gravitational waves. This method is most sensitive for gravitational waves with A ~ ct The fluctuations ~; due to these waves have scale ~ 0. 03 GW rec 4 radian. If, according to modern observations, we take ~; < 10- , then 8 26 ~GW/Ey < 10- for those gravitational waves which have A = 5. 10 cm GW today where Ey is the energy density of relict radiation. The fluctuations ~TT due to long gravitational waves with A = ct . Front Matter....Pages i-xx Front Matter....Pages 1-1 The 6C Survey....Pages 3-7 Survey of Data for Determining Scales of the Absolute Flux Densities in 10–180 MHz Range and Source Spectra in the Declination Strip 10°–20°....Pages 9-13 Interim Report on the Texas Survey....Pages 15-24 The Bologna Survey of Radio Sources at 408 MHz....Pages 25-29 The Molonglo Radio Source Surveys at 408 MHz....Pages 31-37 Westerbork Surveys of Radio Sources at 610 and 1415 MHz....Pages 39-45 The Green Bank Surveys at 1400 MHz....Pages 47-54 The Parkes 2700 Mhz Survey: Counts of the Sources and their Distribution on the Sky....Pages 55-61 Survey of Radio Source at 5 GHz....Pages 63-74 The Statistical Analysis of Anisotropies....Pages 75-81 Front Matter....Pages 83-83 Spectra of Southern Radio Sources....Pages 85-97 Spectral Index Studies of Extragalactic Radio Sources....Pages 99-106 Front Matter....Pages 107-107 Radio Source Angular Sizes and Cosmology....Pages 109-117 The Angular Size — Flux Density Relation....Pages 119-123 The Flux Density-Angular Size Distribution for Extragalactic Radio Sources....Pages 125-132 The Angular Diameter—Redshift Test for Large Redshift Quasars....Pages 133-138 The Angular Diameter-Redshift Relation for Scintillating Radio Sources....Pages 139-147 Front Matter....Pages 149-149 The Present Status of 3CR Identifications....Pages 151-155 QSO Identifications from a Molonglo Radio Survey....Pages 157-163 Identifications from the WSRT Deep Surveys....Pages 165-170 Front Matter....Pages 149-149 Luminosity Functions for Extra Galactic Radio Sources....Pages 171-182 Physical Conditions in Radio Galaxies and Quasars....Pages 183-191 Absorption Systems in High Redshift QSOs....Pages 193-222 Relations Between the Optical and Radio Properties of Extragalactic Radio Sources....Pages 223-235 Relations Between Radio and Optical Properties of Radio Sources — Radio Astronomer’s Point of View....Pages 237-243 Front Matter....Pages 245-245 Interpretation of Cosmological Information on Radio Sources....Pages 247-257 Cosmological Interpretation of Redshift Data on Quasars Through the V/V max Test....Pages 259-268 Interpretation of Source Counts and Redshift Data in Evolutionary Universes....Pages 269-277 The Redshift-Magnitude Relation for Radio Galaxies....Pages 279-293 The Hubble Diagrams for Quasars....Pages 295-303 Clusters of Galaxies and Radio Sources....Pages 305-316 Front Matter....Pages 317-317 Microwave Background Spectrum — Survey of Recent Results....Pages 319-325 Small Scale Fluctuations in the Microwave Background Radiation Associated with the Formation of Galaxies....Pages 327-334 Fluctuations in the Microwave Background Caused by Anisotropy of the Universe and Gravitational Waves....Pages 335-339 Front Matter....Pages 341-341 The Physics of Radio Sources and Cosmology....Pages 343-352 Young Galaxies, Quasars and the Cosmological Evolution of Extragalactic Radio Sources....Pages 353-360 Polarization Measurements of Distant Sources....Pages 361-366 Rotation Measures and Cosmology....Pages 367-377 Cosmological Information from New Types of Radio Observations....Pages 379-387 Progress, Problems and Priorities: A Personal View....Pages 389-395 Back Matter....Pages 397-398