Quality of Future Internet Services: Second COST 263 International Workshop, Qofis 2001, Coimbra, Portugal, September 24-26, 2001. Proceedings (Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2156)

The 2001 International Workshop on Quality of future Internet Services (QofIS 2001) held in Coimbra, Portugal, organized by COST Action 263, is the second of what we expect will become a series of successful QofIS workshops. The previous workshop was held in Berlin in the year 2000. The areas of interest of QofIS cover the design, implementation and provision of Quality of Service, spanning key issues of current and emerging communication systems such as packet-level issues, flow-level issues, network-level issues, architectural issues, and applications. The emphasis of the QofIS2001 w orkshop is on horizontal (end-to-end) as well as vertical (top-down) provision of quality of services, covering all components of end systems and networks, with the aim of identifying solutions enabling feasible and coherent QoS provision. The QofIS2001 cal l for papers attracted 87 submissions from 23 Asian, Australian, European, North American, and South American countries. These were subject to thorough review work by the Programme Committee members and additional reviewers who carried out their work using a specially built conference system, WebChairing, developed in Coimbra by Flor de Utopia, that allowed full control of the submission and reviewing processes. Based on the comments and recommendations of the reviews, the final programme was defined in a Programme th Committee meeting held at the University of Karlsruhe on June 5 , 2001. Quality of Future Internet Services Preface Organisation Table of Contents Design of Optimal Playout Schedulers for Packet Video Receivers 1 Introduction 2 Definitions 3 Design of Optimal Playout Schedulers 3.1 MDP Problem Formulation 3.2 Cost Assignment 3.3 Linear Programming Formulation 4 Results and Discussion 4.1 Optimizing Stream Continuity 4.2 Comparative Analysis with Non-optimal Schedulers 4.3 The Tradeoff between Stream Continuity and Buffering Delay 5 Implementation Issues and Future Work 6 Conclusions References Constrained TCP-Friendly Congestion Control for Multimedia Communication 1 Introduction and Motivation 2 A Generic Model for Multimedia Communication 3 A General Rate Adaptation Framework for Constrained Multimedia Flows 4 The Enhanced Loss-Delay Based Adaptation Algorithm 4.1 Rate Adjustment with LDA+ 5 Performance Investigation of CTFAF 5.1 Effects of the Length of the Adaptation Steps (S_adaptation) on the Performance of CTFAF 5.2 Effects of the Length of the Resetting Period (T_reset) on the Performance of CTFAF 5.3 Effects of Delays and Flow Numbers on the Performance of CTFAF 6 Summary and Future Work References Adaptive Wavelet Video Filtering 1 Introduction 2 The MASA QoS Framework 2.1 Architectural Overview 2.2 Hierarchical QoS Broker Structure 3 Adaptive Media Management 3.1 Java Media Framework Plugin 3.2 C++ Implementation 4 Filtering Algorithms 4.1 Syntactical Filtering 4.2 Semantical Filtering 5 Measurement Results 5.1 Internet Television 5.2 Video-on-Demand 6 Conclusions References On the Utility of FEC Mechanisms for Audio Applications 1 Introduction 2 Multiplexing and FEC Performance 2.1 The Model 2.2 The Analysis 2.3 Numerical Results 3 Utility Functions and FEC Performance 3.1 Some Bounds on Quality Improvement 3.2 Some Numerical Results 4 Conclusions References A Call Admission Control Method for Supporting Telephony Sessions in a Best Effort IP Network 1 Introduction 2 The Call Admission Control Method 3 Performance Evaluation 4 Related Work 5 Conclusions and Future Work References Integrated Admission Control for Streaming and Elastic Traffic 1 Introduction 2 Flow Level Traffic Characterization 2.1 Elastic Flows 2.2 Streaming Flows 2.3 Integrating Streaming and Elastic Flows 3 Implicit Integrated Admission Control 3.1 The Need for Admission Control 3.2 Implicit Admission Control 3.3 Measurement-Based Admissibility Condition 3.4 Bandwidth Estimation Algorithms 4 Performance Model 4.1 Fluid Flow Model 4.2 Quasi-Stationary Analysis 4.3 Validity of the QS Assumption 4.4 Setting the Admissibility Threshold 5 Simulation of Integrated Implicit Admission Control 5.1 Simulation Model 5.2 TCP Phantom 5.3 Loss Rate 6 Conclusion References Novel Enhancements to Load Control - A Soft-State, Lightweight Admission Control Protocol 1 Introduction 2 Related Works 3 The Load Control Protocol 3.1 Concerns Regarding the Load Control Protocol 4 Enhanced Load Control 4.1 Multi-unit Reservations 4.2 Reservation Transients 4.3 QoS Violation 5 Performance Analysis 5.1 Network Utilization 5.2 QoS Violations 5.3 Comparison of Enhancements 6 Conclusions Acknowledgements References PBAC: Probe-Based Admission Control 1 Introduction 2 Procedural Description 3 Performance Evaluation 3.1 Simulation Methodology 3.2 Evaluation of the Two Queueing Schemes 3.3 Evaluation of the Admission Decision 3.4 Impact of Short Sessions and Thrashing Probe Behavior 3.5 Impact of Session Behavior 4 Related Work 5 Conclusions - Open Issues References QoS Routing: Average Complexity and Hopcount in m Dimensions 1 Introduction: Constrained-Based Routing 2 SAMCRA: A Self-Adaptive Multiple Constraints Routing Algorithm 2.1 SAMCRA Meta-code 2.2 Complexity of SAMCRA 2.3 Simulation Results on Complexity 3 The Expected Hopcount E[h_N] for the Random Graph G_p(N) 4 Conclusions References A Asymptotic Formula for V_m(y) QoS Routing with Incomplete Information by Analog Computing Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Routing with Incomplete Information 3 MLPS as a Quadratic Optimization Problem 3.1 Properties of a Valid Path 3.2 QoS Routing as a Constrained Quadratic Optimization Problem 3.3 Neural Based Routing Algorithms 3.4 Solution by CNN 4 Performance Analysis 5 Conclusion Acknowledgment References Profile-Based Routing: A New Framework for MPLS Traffic Engineering 1 Introduction 2 Routing Requirements 3 Review of Existing Algorithms 4 Problem Statement 5 Examples Illustrating Limitations of Existing Routing Algorithms 6 Multi-commodity Flows 7 Profile-Based Routing 7.1 Multi-commodity Flow Preprocessing 7.2 Online Path Selection for LSP Requests 7.3 Complexity Analysis 8 Performance Results 8.1 Worst-Case Results 8.2 Simulation Results 8.3 SPF Routing vs. PBR 8.4 Curse of Bandwidth Fragmentation 8.5 To Accept or Not to Accept? 9 Concluding Remarks and Extensions References Towards Better Support of Transaction Oriented Communication in Differentiated Services Networks 1 Introduction 2 A Quick Forwarding Behavior 3 Evaluation 3.1 Scenario 1 3.2 Scenario 2 4 Conclusion and Outlook References The Olympic Service Model: Issues and Architecture 1 Introduction 2 The Olympic Service Model 2.1 Olympic Service Model for Elastic and Real-Time Traffic 2.2 Sender-Based Approach 3 Scalable Share Differentiation 3.1 Intra-domain 3.2 Inter-domain 4 Comparison with Existing Approaches 4.1 SSD 4.2 User Share Differentiation (USD) 4.3 SIMA 4.4 Delay Differentiation (DD) 4.5 Class-Based Allocation (CBA) 5 Conclusions References Service Differentiation in ECN Networks Using Weighted Window-Based Congestion Control for Various Packet Marking Algorithms 1 Introduction 2 Theoretical Background 3 Weighted Window-Based Congestion Control 4 Packet Marking Algorithms 4.1 Random Early Detection (RED) 4.2 Virtual Queue Marking 4.3 Load-Based Marking 5 Simulation Results and Discussion 5.1 Service Differentiation 5.2 Marking Probability 5.3 Queueing Delay 5.4 Effect of Marking Algorithm Parameters 5.5 Comparison of WTP and MulTCP 6 Related Work 7 Concluding Remarks References Two-Differentiated Marking Strategies for TCP Flows in a Differentiated Services Network 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Two Markers System 3.1 Concepts 3.2 Suitable-Marking Strategy: Two Markers System-I Algorithm 3.3 Marking Rate-Based Fairness Strategy: Two Markers System-II Algorithm 4 Simulation and Analysis 5 Conclusion Acknowledgement References Aguri: An Aggregation-Based Traffic Profiler 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Aguri 3 Related Work 4 Implementation 4.1 Summary Output 4.2 Spatial Aggregation 4.3 Archiving and Visualization Utilities 5 Evaluation 5.1 Aggregation Accuracy 5.2 Performance 5.3 Evaluation Summary 6 Application for Traffic Control 6.1 aguriTCM 6.2 Implementation 6.3 Preliminary Test Results 7 Conclusion References Traffic Handling in AQUILA QoS IP Network 1 Introduction 2 Overview of Traffic Handling Approach 3 Traffic Handling Mechanisms at Packet Level: The AQUILA Traffic Classes 3.1 Traffic Control at Packet Level 4 Traffic Handling Mechanisms at Flow and Aggregate Level 4.1 The Initial Provisioning Phase 4.2 The Resource Pool 4.3 Admission Control 5 Experimental Results 5.1 Results for TCL-1 5.2 Results for TCL-3 5.3 Impact of TCL-1 on TCL-3 6 Conclusions and Future Work References The TCP Control Block Interdependence in Fixed Networks - Some Performance Results 1 Introduction 2 TCP Control Block Interdependence in Fixed Networks 3 Simulation Model 4 Simulation Scenarios 5 TCBI Controllers 5.1 Mean Value TCBI Controller (MV-TCBI) 5.2 Fair Share TCBI Controller (FS-TCBI) 6 Evaluation Metric 7 Statistical Evaluation Method 8 Simulation Results 8.1 Scenario 1: Ensemble TCBI with a Reliable Last Hop 8.2 Scenario 2: Ensemble TCBI with an Unreliable Last Hop 8.3 Summary 9 Conclusion and Outlook References Approaches to Support Differentiated Quality of Web Service 1 Introduction 2 Related Work 3 Requirements 3.1 Functional Requirements 3.2 Non-functional Requirements 4 Design of Two Approaches 4.1 User-Level Approach 4.2 A New User-Level Approach for Supporting Portability 4.3 Kernel-Level Approach 4.4 Classification Methods 4.5 Priority-Driven Scheduling Methods in the User-Level Approach 5 Prototypes and Performance Comparison 5.1 Development Environment 5.2 Performance Evaluation 6 Conclusion and Future Work References Understanding the Long-Term Self-Similarity of Internet Traffic 1 Introduction 2 Traffic Statistics 3 Total Traffic 4 Understanding the Long-Term Self-Similarity 4.1 The Role of Heavy-Tails 4.2 The Role of Traffic Dynamics 4.3 Heavy-Tails Revisited 5 Conclusion Acknowledgement References Network Dimensioning with MPLS 1 Introduction 2 Multi-protocol Label Switching 3 MPLS Network Dimensioning 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Problem Formulation 3.3 Problem Solution 4 Case Study 5 Conclusions References DSS: A Deterministic and Scalable QoS Provisioning Scheme 1 Introduction 2 Properties of the GPS Scheduler 3 DSS: Deterministic Shaping Service 3.1 Leaky Bucket Constrained Sources 3.2 Deterministic Effective Bandwidth 3.3 QoS Provisioning in DSS 3.4 Admission Control Algorithm 3.5 Fluid versus Packet Models 4 Related Work 5 Evaluation of DSS 5.1 Comparison with RPPS 5.2 Bandwidth Re-distribution 6 Conclusion References Experience with an IP QoS Physical Testbed: Problems and Research Iss Affordable QoS in Future Wireless Networks: Myth or Reality? 1 Introduction 2 Quality-of-Service in Wireless Access systems 2.1 Traffic/Demand Fluctuations 2.2 User Location/Propagation Uncertainties 2.3 Non-cooperative Interference 3 Alternative Infrastructure Solutions 4 Summary & Discussion References Author Index

This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the Second International Workshop on Quality of Future Internet Services, QofIS 2001, organized by the European COST Action 263, in Coimbra, Portugal, in September 2001.
The 22 revised full papers presented were carefully selected during a competitive reviewing process from a total of 87 submissions. The book offers topical sections on quality of service for multimedia communication, admission control, QoS routing, differentiated services networks, QoS monitoring and mapping, and traffic engineering.