Pushed into the rocks : southern California Indian land tenure, 1769-1986

Frontmatter List of Maps (page ix) Preface (page xi) 1 Introduction (page 1) 2 Aboriginal Tenure and Use (page 11) 3 Postcontact History (page 19) 4 The Present Status of Reservation Tenure (page 60) 5 Indian Lands outside Reservations (page 106) 6 Modern Developments (page 111) 7 Reservation Government (page 136) 8 Summary and Conclusions (page 152) Appendix A Chronology of Southern California History (page 157) Appendix B Executive Order Reservations, 1875 (page 163) Appendix C An Act for the Relief of the Mission Indians in the State of California (page 165) Appendix D A Typical Trust Patent (page 170) Appendix E Public Law 280 (page 172) Appendix F How to Research Reservation History (page 180) Appendix G Trust Lands in Southern California (page 186) Notes (page 193) References Cited (page 205) Index (page 219) This volume presents an introduction to the history of land grants in California that began to occur in the late 1870's and continue up until modern times. The author, a professor of anthropology at the University of Wisconsin-Parkside, offers the results of thirty years of research and testimony as an expert witness for the Indians struggling to regain and maintain control of their land. In tracing the historical ownership and use patterns by Native Americans, the author illustrates how a case is made. Her largest concerns are to establish what the "tribal custom" is and to offer a practical guide to tribes and consultants involved in land-use planning or litigation.