Public Responses to Fossil Fuel Export : Exporting Energy and Emissions in a Time of Transition

Public Responses to Fossil Fuel Export provides wide-ranging theoretical and methodological international contributions on the human dimensions of fossil fuel export, with a distinctive focus on exporting countries, some of which are new entrants into the marketplace. What do members of the public think about exporting fossil fuels in places where it is happening? What do they see as its main risks and benefits? What connections are being made to climate change and the impending energy transition? How have affected communities responded to proposals related to fossil fuel export, broadly defined to include transport by rail, pipeline, and ship? Contributions to the work are presented in three parts. The first part synopsizes the background of the project, outlines major social science theories and relevant previous research, and identifies global trends in energy production. Regional and national case studies related to public opinion on fossil fuel export are included in part two of the manuscript. Part three highlights community-based case studies. Implications for research and practice feature in the concluding chapter. Serves as a definitive reference on the social dimensions of fossil fuel export, bringing together case examples and public opinion research from around the world on this important but understudied issue Explores the broader implications for growing field of energy social science, particularly those focused on public perceptions of energy development, siting controversies and community impacts from energy development Provides practical and policy implications, including the need for better community inclusion in export and transport facility siting decisions, the changing status of certain fuels, impacts on public awareness, and the relevance of the movement of energy resources Front Cover PUBLIC RESPONSES TO FOSSIL FUEL EXPORT PUBLIC RESPONSES TO FOSSIL FUEL EXPORT: Exporting Energy and Emissionsin a Time of Transition Copyright Dedication Contents Contributors Acknowledgments I - Introduction 1 - An introduction to the social dimensions of fossil fuel export in an era of energy transition Fossil fuel export: status and trends What do we already know? Boomtowns, risk perceptions, and overadaptation Locally unwanted land uses and the environmental justice movement Renewables and fracking Summary Organization of the book Some concluding thoughts References II - The new landscape of fossil fuel technology, supply, and policy 2 - The new global energy order: shifting players, policies, and power dynamics Introduction: the emergence of a new energy order Global energy system COVID-19 energy impacts Between old and new Clean energy transition Winners and losers of the energy transition Conclusion References 3 - Fossil fuel export as a climate policy problem Why fossil fuel export is often ignored in climate policy The rationale for addressing fossil fuel export as a component of climate policymaking How public response has helped bridge the issues of climate change and fossil fuel export References III - Public opinion on export 4 - The evolution of US public attitudes toward natural gas export: a pooled cross-sectional analysis of time serie ... Background Natural gas: bridge fuel or a bridge too far? Research questions Materials and methods Data Measures Analysis Findings Patterns in agreement across time Modeling agreement with natural gas export Discussion References 5 - Drivers of US regulatory preferences for natural gas export Introduction Literature review Age Gender Political ideology Awareness Benefit and risk perception Data and methods Results Discussion and policy implications References 6 - Energy and export transitions: from oil exports to renewable energy goals in Aotearoa New Zealand Island transitions Critical time and place methodologies Debating offshore exploration and an onshore terminal Disputing employment promotions and lowered petrol prices Transitioning to green jobs and green technology exports Conclusions References 7 - Trends in Norwegian views on oil and gas export Background—Norway's role as an oil and gas exporter Data and methods Policy analysis Public opinion studies Main findings from policy analysis Results from public opinion studies Public opinion on drilling in new areas Future size of the oil and gas industry Worry about climate change Discussion References 8 - A “thin green line” of resistance? Assessing public views on oil, natural gas, and coal export in the Pacific N ... Introduction Fossil fuel production, export, and policy in the Pacific Northwest Public opinion on fossil fuels: how does it relate to export? Methods: survey sampling and measurement Results Discussion, implications, and future research References IV - Community response to export projects 9 - Global discourses, national priorities, and community experiences of participation in the energy infrastructure ... Introduction Shifting spatialities of Russia's oil and gas projects Rising community concerns Evolving community responses Growing demands for meaningful participation Strategies of exclusion and nonparticipation Discursive strategies Market mechanisms Legal and bureaucratic strategies Strategies of uncertainty Discussion and conclusion References 10 - Indigenous ambivalence? It's not about the pipeline ...: Indigenous responses to fossil fuel export projects in ... Introduction Settler colonialism and the ongoing struggles for Indigenous self-determination The Trans Mountain Pipeline expansion project Methods Case studies: contextualizing ambivalence Rights and governance Economy and capacity Decision-making and project Discussion and conclusions References 11 - The primacy of place: a community's response to a proposed liquefied natural gas export facility∗ Introduction Context Methods Findings “It was about the fish, really; salmon, and the communities that relied on them.” (N-13)33Interviews were coded based on lo ... “You're asking us to take all of the risks—which seem rather significant—and get none of the rewards?” (N-12) “[G]overnments do make bad decisions, whether they intend to or not, and corporations do not have the communities' best int ... Discussion and conclusions References 12 - Impact geographies of gas terminal development in the northern Australian context: insights from Gladstone and ... Introduction LNG development in Australia Purpose of this chapter Methods Gas terminal development in Australia: a tale of two cities Gladstone, Queensland Darwin, Northern Territory Concluding reflections References 13 - Community risk or resilience? Perceptions and responses to oil train traffic in four US rail communities Introduction Perceptions of energy transportation and exports via rail Methods and analysis Survey dissemination Study communities Analysis Risk perceptions on a range of potential OBR impacts Community capacity and vulnerability perceptions Overall support and opposition Findings Risk perceptions Community capacities and vulnerabilities Support, opposition, and uncertainty Discussion: rural and urban risks, vulnerabilities, and opposition Conclusion References 14 - Leave it in the ground, or send it abroad? Assessing themes in community response to coal export proposals usi ... Introduction Background and framework Energy policy and fossil fuel export in Western Washington State “Scaled-up” social movement activities: from locally unwanted land uses to broader contention Data and methods Description of the cases: Gateway Pacific Terminal (GPT) and Millennium Bulk Terminals (MBT) Data acquisition and cleaning Topic modeling using LDA Findings How do the two cases differ in terms of the themes that were most prominent? How did local versus “scaled-up” concerns feature in the GPT and MBT debates? Conclusion: implications for fossil fuel export in the Pacific Northwest References V - The future of fossil fuel export in an era of energy transition 15 - Social dimensions of fossil fuel export: summary of learnings and implications for research and practice Climate is an increasing concern in energy export debates Export routes present many opportunities for opposition Changing attitudes about natural gas likely to impact export Some familiar patterns persist Implications (and a few limitations) for research and practice Closing words References Further reading Index A B C D E F G H I L M N O P Q R S T U W Y Back Cover